Rice germplasm development for drought-prone environments: progress made in breeding and genetic analysis at the International Rice Research Institute

2009 ◽  
pp. 35-59
Author(s):  
G.N. Atlin ◽  
R. Venuprasad ◽  
J. Bernier ◽  
D. Zhao ◽  
P. Virk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
International Rice Research Institute ◽  
Rice Germplasm ◽  
Made In ◽  
Research Institute

scholarly journals The use of Biotechnology in the Characterization, Evaluation, and Utilization of Indonesian Rice Germplasm

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Tiur S Silitonga
Keyword(s):  
International Rice Research Institute ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Material Transfer ◽  
Rice Germplasm ◽  
Material Transfer Agreement ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Research Institute

<p>Penggunaan Bioteknologi dalam Karakterisasi, Evaluasi,<br />dan Pemanfaatan Plasma Nutfah Padi Indonesia. Tiur S.<br />Silitonga. Beras merupakan makanan pokok penduduk<br />Indonesia yang terus meningkat kebutuhannya. Untuk memenuhi<br />kebutuhan beras nasional, peningkatan produktivitas<br />varietas padi terus diupayakan melalui peningkatan potensi<br />hasil dengan cara merakit varietas tipe baru dan padi<br />hibrida yang berdaya hasil tinggi dan genjah, tahan terhadap<br />cekaman biotik dan abiotik. Sejak tahun 2006 sampai saat<br />ini jumlah varietas yang dihasilkan sebanyak 31 varietas.<br />Perakitan varietas itu semua dilakukan dengan menggunakan<br />plasma nutfah. Sampai saat ini plasma nutfah yang dilestarikan<br />di Bank Gen Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan<br />Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian<br />(BB-Biogen) berjumlah sekitar 4.000 aksesi yang terdiri atas<br />varietas padi lokal, varietas padi unggul lama, varietas unggul<br />tipe baru, galur-galur elit, dan kerabat spesies padi liar.<br />Untuk menjaga keselamatan koleksi, sebanyak 2.500 aksesi<br />dilestarikan di Balai Besar Penelitian Padi sebagai koleksi<br />duplikat. Di samping itu, sebagai mitra kerja sama internasional,<br />koleksi ini juga disimpan di pusat pelestarian plasma<br />nutfah padi International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) sebanyak<br />lebih dari 8.900 aksesi. Plasma nutfah ini memiliki<br />peranan yang sangat besar sebagai sumber gen dalam<br />program pemuliaan padi. Untuk mempermudah pemanfaatannya,<br />koleksi ini telah di karakterisasi, dievaluasi, dan didokumentasikan<br />di dalam database. Karena plasma nutfah<br />memiliki nilai potensial dan nilai aktual bagi kehidupan manusia,<br />maka sangat penting untuk melestarikannya baik<br />secara in situ, ex situ, dan lekat lahan (on farm). Pada tulisan<br />ini diuraikan status koleksi plasma nutfah, bagaimana dikoleksi,<br />karakterisasi, evaluasi, dan didokumentasikan dalam<br />database dan dimanfaatkan dalam program pemuliaan<br />padi serta dalam pertukaran plasma nutfah padi. Dalam pemanfaatan<br />dan pertukaran plasma nutfah, Indonesia telah<br />meratifikasi perjanjian pertukaran sumber daya genetik dan<br />mengimplementasikannya dengan menggunakan Standard<br />Material Transfer Agreement (sMTA) melalui UU No. 4 Tahun<br />2006.</p>

Keragaan Morfologi dan Kandungan Antosianin Padi Beras Merah (Oryza sativa L.) di Kecamatan Munte dan Kecamatan Payung, Kabupaten Karo

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-403
Author(s):  
Wiwik Winarti ◽  
Eva Sartini Bayu ◽  
Revandy Iskandar Damanik
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
International Rice Research Institute ◽  
Research Institute

Keragaan morfologi dan kandungan antosianin padi beras merah (Oryza sativa L.) pada Kecamatan Munte dan Kecamatan Payung di Kabupaten Karo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi morfologi dan kandungan antosianin padi beras merah (Oryza sativa L.). Penelitian ini dimulai dari Juni 2017dan selesai pada Januari 2018 di kecamatan Munte dan Kecamatan Payung Kabupaten Karo.Metode survei deskriptif menggunakan panduan International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). Teknik penentuan lokasi secara sengaja dan pengamblan sampel secara kebetulan.Uji kandungan antosianin menggunakan metode analitik dengan menghomogenkan sampel. Hasil eksplorasi didapatkan 72 genotipe yang dibagi menjadi tiga lokasi lahan. Berdasaran uji kandungan antosianin didapatkan lahan A memiliki kandungan tertinggi yaitu 0,5 mg/100 g dan terendah yaitu lahan B 0,08 mg/100 g.

WINTER WHEAT DEVELOPED BY THE UDMURT RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE IN COMPETITIVE VARIETY TESTING

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
I.V. TORBINA ◽  
◽  
I.R. FARDEYEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Rotation Pattern ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Variety Testing ◽  
Made In ◽  
Research Institute

The paper assesses the promising varieties of winter wheat in a competitive variety test by the main economic and biological characteristics that determine the suitability of the variety for commercial use. The object of research was the authors’ own breeding material. The experiments on the selection of winter wheat were made in the experimental crop rotation pattern of the Institute.

Genetic Analysis of Glufosinate Resistance in Crosses Between Transformed Rice (Oryza sativa) and Red Rice (Oryza sativa)

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujatha Sankula ◽  
Michael P. Braverman ◽  
James H. Oard
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Bar Gene ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Ammonia Accumulation ◽  
Controlled Crosses ◽  
Dip Test ◽  
Made In

Reciprocal controlled crosses were made in the greenhouse between Gulfmont rice transformed with the bialaphos resistance (BAR) gene and red rice and BAR-transformed Koshihikari rice and red rice to assess the inheritance of glufosinate resistance. All F1 plants were resistant to 2.2 kg ai/ha glufosinate. Ammonia accumulation as a measure of glufosinate resistance in the F1 hybrids was assayed at 4 and 8 days after treatment (DAT). Ammonia accumulation in hybrids 4 DAT was similar to glufosinate treated, transformed rice, while treated nontransformed plants accumulated 14 to 23 times more ammonia compared with the hybrids. The nature of inheritance of glufosinate resistance in F2 rice plants was studied by a glufosinate dip test, a spray test, and ammonia assay. All three tests confirmed that glufosinate resistance, as influenced by the BAR gene, segregated in a 3 (resistant): 1 (susceptible) ratio.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of complex traits via Bayesian variable selection: the utility of a mixture of uniform priors

2011 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIMO KNÜRR ◽  
ESA LÄÄRÄ ◽  
MIKKO J. SILLANPÄÄ
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Variable Selection ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Bayesian Variable Selection ◽  
Stochastic Search Variable Selection ◽  
Indicator Variables ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In ◽  
Search Variable

SummaryA new estimation-based Bayesian variable selection approach is presented for genetic analysis of complex traits based on linear or logistic regression. By assigning a mixture of uniform priors (MU) to genetic effects, the approach provides an intuitive way of specifying hyperparameters controlling the selection of multiple influential loci. It aims at avoiding the difficulty of interpreting assumptions made in the specifications of priors. The method is compared in two real datasets with two other approaches, stochastic search variable selection (SSVS) and a re-formulation of Bayes B utilizing indicator variables and adaptive Student's t-distributions (IAt). The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling performance of the three methods is evaluated using the publicly available software OpenBUGS (model scripts are provided in the Supplementary material). The sensitivity of MU to the specification of hyperparameters is assessed in one of the data examples.

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