FREE BROWNIAN MOTION AND EVOLUTION TOWARDS ⊞-INFINITE DIVISIBILITY FOR k-TUPLES

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 309-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERBAN T. BELINSCHI ◽  
ALEXANDRU NICA
Keyword(s):  
Brownian Motion ◽  
Probability Space ◽  
Infinite Divisibility ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transformation Formula ◽  
Infinitely Divisible ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Free Brownian Motion

Let [Formula: see text] be the space of non-commutative distributions of k-tuples of self-adjoint elements in a C*-probability space. For every t ≥ 0 we consider the transformation [Formula: see text] defined by [Formula: see text] where ⊞ and ⊎ are the operations of free additive convolution and respectively of Boolean convolution on [Formula: see text]. We prove that 𝔹s ◦ 𝔹t = 𝔹s + t, for all s, t ≥ 0. For t = 1, we prove that [Formula: see text] is precisely the set [Formula: see text] of distributions in [Formula: see text] which are infinitely divisible with respect to ⊞, and that the map [Formula: see text] coincides with the multi-variable Boolean Bercovici–Pata bijection put into evidence in our previous paper [1]. Thus for a fixed [Formula: see text], the process {𝔹t(μ)|t ≥ 0} can be viewed as some kind of "evolution towards ⊞-infinite divisibility". On the other hand, we put into evidence a relation between the transformations ⊞t and free Brownian motion. More precisely, we introduce a map [Formula: see text] which transforms the free Brownian motion started at an arbitrary [Formula: see text] into the process {𝔹t(μ)|t ≥ 0} for μ = Φ(ν).

scholarly journals Zeroes of polynomials on definable hypersurfaces: pathologies exist, but they are rare

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1397-1409
Author(s):  
Saugata Basu ◽  
Antonio Lerario ◽  
Abhiram Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
Betti Number ◽  
Probability Space ◽  
Sharp Contrast ◽  
The Other ◽  
Zero Set ◽  
Homogeneous Polynomials ◽  
Natural Numbers ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Small Measure ◽  
Gaussian Probability Space

Abstract Given a sequence $\{Z_d\}_{d\in \mathbb{N}}$ of smooth and compact hypersurfaces in ${\mathbb{R}}^{n-1}$, we prove that (up to extracting subsequences) there exists a regular definable hypersurface $\Gamma \subset {\mathbb{R}}\textrm{P}^n$ such that each manifold $Z_d$ is diffeomorphic to a component of the zero set on $\Gamma$ of some polynomial of degree $d$. (This is in sharp contrast with the case when $\Gamma$ is semialgebraic, where for example the homological complexity of the zero set of a polynomial $p$ on $\Gamma$ is bounded by a polynomial in $\deg (p)$.) More precisely, given the above sequence of hypersurfaces, we construct a regular, compact, semianalytic hypersurface $\Gamma \subset {\mathbb{R}}\textrm{P}^{n}$ containing a subset $D$ homeomorphic to a disk, and a family of polynomials $\{p_m\}_{m\in \mathbb{N}}$ of degree $\deg (p_m)=d_m$ such that $(D, Z(p_m)\cap D)\sim ({\mathbb{R}}^{n-1}, Z_{d_m}),$ i.e. the zero set of $p_m$ in $D$ is isotopic to $Z_{d_m}$ in ${\mathbb{R}}^{n-1}$. This says that, up to extracting subsequences, the intersection of $\Gamma$ with a hypersurface of degree $d$ can be as complicated as we want. We call these ‘pathological examples’. In particular, we show that for every $0 \leq k \leq n-2$ and every sequence of natural numbers $a=\{a_d\}_{d\in \mathbb{N}}$ there is a regular, compact semianalytic hypersurface $\Gamma \subset {\mathbb{R}}\textrm{P}^n$, a subsequence $\{a_{d_m}\}_{m\in \mathbb{N}}$ and homogeneous polynomials $\{p_{m}\}_{m\in \mathbb{N}}$ of degree $\deg (p_m)=d_m$ such that (0.1)$$\begin{equation}b_k(\Gamma\cap Z(p_m))\geq a_{d_m}.\end{equation}$$ (Here $b_k$ denotes the $k$th Betti number.) This generalizes a result of Gwoździewicz et al. [13]. On the other hand, for a given definable $\Gamma$ we show that the Fubini–Study measure, in the Gaussian probability space of polynomials of degree $d$, of the set $\Sigma _{d_m,a, \Gamma }$ of polynomials verifying (0.1) is positive, but there exists a constant $c_\Gamma$ such that $$\begin{equation*}0<{\mathbb{P}}(\Sigma_{d_m, a, \Gamma})\leq \frac{c_{\Gamma} d_m^{\frac{n-1}{2}}}{a_{d_m}}.\end{equation*}$$ This shows that the set of ‘pathological examples’ has ‘small’ measure (the faster $a$ grows, the smaller the measure and pathologies are therefore rare). In fact we show that given $\Gamma$, for most polynomials a Bézout-type bound holds for the intersection $\Gamma \cap Z(p)$: for every $0\leq k\leq n-2$ and $t>0$: $$\begin{equation*}{\mathbb{P}}\left(\{b_k(\Gamma\cap Z(p))\geq t d^{n-1} \}\right)\leq \frac{c_\Gamma}{td^{\frac{n-1}{2}}}.\end{equation*}$$

scholarly journals Spaces of vector functions that are integrable with respect to vector measures

2007 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Banach Space ◽  
Probability Space ◽  
Equivalence Classes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normed Spaces ◽  
Vector Measures ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Integrable Functions ◽  
Compact Range ◽  
Indefinite Integral

AbstractWe study the normed spaces of (equivalence classes of) Banach space-valued functions that are Dobrakov,S* or McShane integrable with respect to a Banach space-valued measure, where the norm is the natural one given by the total semivariation of the indefinite integral. We show that simple functions are dense in these spaces. As a consequence we characterize when the corresponding indefinite integrals have norm relatively compact range. On the other hand, we also determine when these spaces are ultrabornological. Our results apply to conclude, for instance, that the spaces of Birkhoff (respectively McShane) integrable functions defined on a complete (respectively quasi-Radon) probability space, endowed with the Pettis norm, are ultrabornological.

scholarly journals Operator Fractional Brownian Motion and Martingale Differences

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hongshuai Dai ◽  
Tien-Chung Hu ◽  
June-Yung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Brownian Motion ◽  
Fractional Brownian Motion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Difference Sequence ◽  
Martingale Difference ◽  
Martingale Differences ◽  
Martingale Difference Sequence ◽  
Difference Sequences ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Approximation Sequence

It is well known that martingale difference sequences are very useful in applications and theory. On the other hand, the operator fractional Brownian motion as an extension of the well-known fractional Brownian motion also plays an important role in both applications and theory. In this paper, we study the relation between them. We construct an approximation sequence of operator fractional Brownian motion based on a martingale difference sequence.

The Progress of the Deed

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Ford
Keyword(s):  
Action Theory ◽  
Intentional Action ◽  
The Other ◽  
Infinitely Divisible ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
In Virtue Of

This chapter discusses Michael Thompson’s essay, “Naive Action Theory.” It argues that Thompson conflates two distinct structures that belong to intentional action. Intentional action has, on the one hand, a chronological structure, in virtue of which it unfolds in time, and, on the other hand, a teleological structure, in virtue of which it unites the means to which it is an end. In Thompson’s account these two structures come to seem as one; parts and phases are conflated. As a result of this conflation Thompson is forced to make the implausible assertion that the parts of an action are infinitely divisible.

A study of cometary eruptions through OH radio-lines

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
A.M. Silva ◽  
R.D. Miró
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Mass ◽  
Radio Lines ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sudden Rise

AbstractWe have developed a model for theH2OandOHevolution in a comet outburst, assuming that together with the gas, a distribution of icy grains is ejected. With an initial mass of icy grains of 108kg released, theH2OandOHproductions are increased up to a factor two, and the growth curves change drastically in the first two days. The model is applied to eruptions detected in theOHradio monitorings and fits well with the slow variations in the flux. On the other hand, several events of short duration appear, consisting of a sudden rise ofOHflux, followed by a sudden decay on the second day. These apparent short bursts are frequently found as precursors of a more durable eruption. We suggest that both of them are part of a unique eruption, and that the sudden decay is due to collisions that de-excite theOHmaser, when it reaches the Cometopause region located at 1.35 × 105kmfrom the nucleus.

Closing the GAP—A 5Å Scanning Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Conventional Microscope ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Thermal Sources ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Transmission Microscope

We have become accustomed to differentiating between the scanning microscope and the conventional transmission microscope according to the resolving power which the two instruments offer. The conventional microscope is capable of a point resolution of a few angstroms and line resolutions of periodic objects of about 1Å. On the other hand, the scanning microscope, in its normal form, is not ordinarily capable of a point resolution better than 100Å. Upon examining reasons for the 100Å limitation, it becomes clear that this is based more on tradition than reason, and in particular, it is a condition imposed upon the microscope by adherence to thermal sources of electrons.

Life Beyond 1MeV

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
K.H. Westmacott
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Case ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The U.S

Life beyond 1MeV – like life after 40 – is not too different unless one takes advantage of past experience and is receptive to new opportunities. At first glance, the returns on performing electron microscopy at voltages greater than 1MeV diminish rather rapidly as the curves which describe the well-known advantages of HVEM often tend towards saturation. However, in a country with a significant HVEM capability, a good case can be made for investing in instruments with a range of maximum accelerating voltages. In this regard, the 1.5MeV KRATOS HVEM being installed in Berkeley will complement the other 650KeV, 1MeV, and 1.2MeV instruments currently operating in the U.S. One other consideration suggests that 1.5MeV is an optimum voltage machine – Its additional advantages may be purchased for not much more than a 1MeV instrument. On the other hand, the 3MeV HVEM's which seem to be operated at 2MeV maximum, are much more expensive.

Can the Academic Self-Concept be Positive and Realistic?

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reimer Kornmann
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Other Hand

Summary: My comment is basically restricted to the situation in which less-able students find themselves and refers only to literature in German. From this point of view I am basically able to confirm Marsh's results. It must, however, be said that with less-able pupils the opposite effect can be found: Levels of self-esteem in these pupils are raised, at least temporarily, by separate instruction, academic performance however drops; combined instruction, on the other hand, leads to improved academic performance, while levels of self-esteem drop. Apparently, the positive self-image of less-able pupils who receive separate instruction does not bring about the potential enhancement of academic performance one might expect from high-ability pupils receiving separate instruction. To resolve the dilemma, it is proposed that individual progress in learning be accentuated, and that comparisons with others be dispensed with. This fosters a self-image that can in equal measure be realistic and optimistic.

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

Don’t Put Me in This Group

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
Jort de Vreeze ◽  
Christina Matschke
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Group Memberships

Abstract. Not all group memberships are self-chosen. The current research examines whether assignments to non-preferred groups influence our relationship with the group and our preference for information about the ingroup. It was expected and found that, when people are assigned to non-preferred groups, they perceive the group as different to the self, experience negative emotions about the assignment and in turn disidentify with the group. On the other hand, when people are assigned to preferred groups, they perceive the group as similar to the self, experience positive emotions about the assignment and in turn identify with the group. Finally, disidentification increases a preference for negative information about the ingroup.

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