scholarly journals Tri-partite entanglement in neutrino oscillations

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150056
Author(s):  
Abhishek Kumar Jha ◽  
Supratik Mukherjee ◽  
Bindu A. Bambah
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Optics ◽  
Beam Splitter ◽  
Neutrino Oscillations ◽  
Entanglement Swapping ◽  
W State ◽  
Tripartite Entanglement ◽  
Bipartite Entanglement ◽  
Entanglement Measures

We investigate and quantify bipartite and tripartite entanglement measures in two- and three-flavor neutrino oscillations. The bipartite entanglement is analogous to the entanglement swapping resulting from a beam splitter in quantum optics. We calculate various entanglement measures, such as the concurrence, negativity, and three-tangle for the three-neutrino system. The significant result is that a monogamy inequality in terms of negativity leads to a residual entanglement, implying genuine tripartite entanglement in the three-neutrino system. We establish an analogy of the three-neutrino state with a generalized W-state class in quantum optics.

scholarly journals Entanglement measures of W-state in noninertial frames

2019 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariadna J. Torres-Arenas ◽  
Qian Dong ◽  
Guo-Hua Sun ◽  
Wen-Chao Qiang ◽  
Shi-Hai Dong
Keyword(s):  
W State ◽  
Entanglement Measures

scholarly journals Fluctuations in the detection of the HOM effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry N. Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Optics ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Beam Splitter ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Input Port ◽  
General Mechanism ◽  
Mean Square

AbstractHong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is known to be one of the main phenomena in quantum optics. It is believed that the effect occurs when two identical single-photon waves enter a 1:1 beam splitter, one in each input port. When the photons are identical, they will extinguish each other. In this work, it is shown that these fundamental provisions of the HOM interference may not always be fulfilled. One of the main elements of the HOM interferometer is the beam splitter, which has its own coefficients of reflection $$R = 1/2$$ R = 1 / 2 and transmission $$ T = 1/2 $$ T = 1 / 2 . Here we consider the general mechanism of the interaction of two photons in a beam splitter, which shows that in the HOM theory of the effect it is necessary to know (including when planning the experiment) not only $$ R = 1/2 $$ R = 1 / 2 and $$ T = 1/2 $$ T = 1 / 2 , but also their root-mean-square fluctuations $$ \Delta R ^ 2, \Delta T ^ 2 $$ Δ R 2 , Δ T 2 , which arise due to the dependence of $$R = R(\omega _1, \omega _2) $$ R = R ( ω 1 , ω 2 ) and $$ T = T (\omega _1, \omega _2) $$ T = T ( ω 1 , ω 2 ) on the frequencies where $$\omega _1, \omega _2$$ ω 1 , ω 2 are the frequencies of the first and second photons, respectively. Under certain conditions, specifically when the dependence of the fluctuations $$ \Delta R^2 $$ Δ R 2 and $$ \Delta T^2 $$ Δ T 2 can be neglected and $$ R=T=1/2 $$ R = T = 1 / 2 is chosen, the developed theory coincides with previously known results.

scholarly journals Covariance Matrices under Bell-like Detections

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 1350011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaetana Spedalieri ◽  
Carlo Ottaviani ◽  
Stefano Pirandola
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Information ◽  
Quantum Teleportation ◽  
Simple Formula ◽  
Beam Splitter ◽  
Entanglement Swapping ◽  
Covariance Matrices ◽  
Heterodyne Detection ◽  
Realistic Condition ◽  
Bell Measurement ◽  
Beam Splitters

We derive a simple formula for the transformation of an arbitrary covariance matrix of (n + 2) bosonic modes under general Bell-like detections, where the last two modes are combined in an arbitrary beam splitter (i.e., with arbitrary transmissivity) and then homodyned. In particular, we consider the realistic condition of non-unit quantum efficiency for the homodyne detectors. This formula can easily be specialized to describe the standard Bell measurement and the heterodyne detection, which are exploited in many contexts, including protocols of quantum teleportation, entanglement swapping and quantum cryptography. In its general form, our formula can be adopted to study quantum information protocols in the presence of experimental imperfections and asymmetric setups, e.g., deriving from the use of unbalanced beam splitters.

scholarly journals Quantum optics experiment on the test of empty wave hypothesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Skrebnev
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Optics ◽  
Beam Splitter ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Absorption Coefficients ◽  
Empty Wave

The experiment measured the absorption of single photons by absorbers with various absorption coefficients, in one of the beams, after the photons interacted with the beam splitter. The measurements showed that the absorption corresponds to single photon traveling in either one or another beam. The measurements support the original empty wave hypothesis which has been advanced in a number of works.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZING QUANTUMNESS VIA ENTANGLEMENT CREATION

2011 ◽  
Vol 09 (07n08) ◽  
pp. 1701-1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEVAG GHARIBIAN ◽  
MARCO PIANI ◽  
GERARDO ADESSO ◽  
JOHN CALSAMIGLIA ◽  
PAWEŁ HORODECKI
Keyword(s):  
Relative Entropy ◽  
Special Class ◽  
Entanglement Swapping ◽  
Quantum States ◽  
Bipartite Entanglement ◽  
Separable States ◽  
Classical Quantum ◽  
Qubit States

In [Piani et al., PRL106 (2011) 220403], an activation protocol was introduced which maps the general non-classical (multipartite) correlations between given systems into bipartite entanglement between the systems and local ancillae by means of a potentially highly entangling interaction. Here, we study how this activation protocol can be used to entangle the starting systems themselves via entanglement swapping through a measurement on the ancillae. Furthermore, we bound the relative entropy of quantumness (a naturally arising measure of non-classicality in the scheme of Piani et al. above) for a special class of separable states, the so-called classical–quantum states. In particular, we fully characterize the classical–quantum two-qubit states that are maximally non-classical.

scholarly journals Theory of a frequency-dependent beam splitter in the form of coupled waveguides

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry N. Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Quantum Optics ◽  
Frequency Dependence ◽  
Transmission Coefficient ◽  
Beam Splitter ◽  
Interaction Time ◽  
Constant Coefficients ◽  
Independent Parameters ◽  
Coupled Waveguides

AbstractIt is known that the beam splitter in the form of coupled waveguides (BS) is one of the main devices used in quantum optics and quantum technologies. A BS has two independent parameters: one is the reflection coefficient R or the transmission coefficient T, where $$R+T=1$$ R + T = 1 ; the second is the phase shift $$\phi $$ ϕ . In various applications of quantum optics, these coefficients are considered constant. This is due to the fact that the frequency dependence of these coefficients is usually not taken into account, or this dependence is such that it cannot affect the constancy of these coefficients. It is shown that the coefficients R, T and phase shift $$\phi $$ ϕ are generally values that depend on the frequencies of incoming photons, the interaction time of photons in the BS, and the type of BS. It is established that in general, R, T and $$\phi $$ ϕ cannot be considered constant coefficients, and the criteria for when they can be considered constant are defined. The results obtained must be taken into account when analyzing and planning experiments where the beam splitter is presented in the form of coupled waveguides.

Optimal W State and Bipartite Entanglement Transfers

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 3676-3690
Author(s):  
Y. Deng ◽  
H. R. Li ◽  
X. B. Liang ◽  
M. X. Luo
Keyword(s):  
W State ◽  
Bipartite Entanglement

scholarly journals Tripartite entanglement generation via four-wave mixings: narrowband triphoton W state

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. A11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianming Wen ◽  
Eun Oh ◽  
Shengwang Du
Keyword(s):  
W State ◽  
Tripartite Entanglement ◽  
Entanglement Generation

On the entanglement swapping by using the beam splitter

2017 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Razieh Pakniat ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Zandi ◽  
Mohammad Kazem Tavassoly
Keyword(s):  
Beam Splitter ◽  
Entanglement Swapping

Generation of remote W-type entangled state via tripartite entanglement swapping of continuous variables

2009 ◽  
Vol 282 (9) ◽  
pp. 1944-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dao-Hua Wu ◽  
Ming Yang ◽  
Zhuo-Liang Cao
Keyword(s):  
Entanglement Swapping ◽  
Entangled State ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Tripartite Entanglement
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