scholarly journals Forces inside hadrons: Pressure, surface tension, mechanical radius, and all that

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (26) ◽  
pp. 1830025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim V. Polyakov ◽  
Peter Schweitzer
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Energy Momentum Tensor ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Momentum Tensor ◽  
Hadronic Decays ◽  
Pressure Surface ◽  
Unknown Property ◽  
Exotic Hadrons

The physics related to the form factors of the energy–momentum tensor spans a wide spectrum of problems, and includes gravitational physics, hard-exclusive reactions, hadronic decays of heavy quarkonia, and the physics of exotic hadrons described as hadroquarkonia. It also provides access to the “last global unknown property:” the D-term. We review the physics associated with the form factors of the energy–momentum tensor and the D-term, their interpretations in terms of mechanical properties, their applications, and the current experimental status.

scholarly journals Nucleon’s energy–momentum tensor form factors in light-cone QCD

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Azizi ◽  
U. Özdem
Keyword(s):  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
Lattice Qcd ◽  
Chiral Perturbation Theory ◽  
Light Cone ◽  
Energy Momentum Tensor ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Momentum Tensor ◽  
Tensor Form ◽  
Chiral Perturbation ◽  
Theoretical Predictions

Abstract We use the energy–momentum tensor (EMT) current to compute the EMT form factors of the nucleon in the framework of the light cone QCD sum rule formalism. In the calculations, we employ the most general form of the nucleon’s interpolating field and use the distribution amplitudes (DAs) of the nucleon with two sets of the numerical values of the main input parameters entering the expressions of the DAs. The directly obtained results from the sum rules for the form factors are reliable at $$ Q^2\ge 1$$Q2≥1 GeV$$^2 $$2: to extrapolate the results to include the zero momentum transfer squared with the aim of estimation of the related static physical quantities, we use some fit functions for the form factors. The numerical computations show that the energy–momentum tensor form factors of the nucleon can be well fitted to the multipole fit form. We compare the results obtained for the form factors at $$ Q^2=0 $$Q2=0 with the existing theoretical predictions as well as experimental data on the gravitational form factor d$$_1^q(0)$$1q(0). For the form factors M$$_2^q (0)$$2q(0) and J$$^q(0)$$q(0) a consistency among the theoretical predictions is seen within the errors: our results are nicely consistent with the Lattice QCD and chiral perturbation theory predictions. However, there are large discrepancies among the theoretical predictions on d$$_1^q(0)$$1q(0). Nevertheless, our prediction is in accord with the JLab data as well as with the results of the Lattice QCD, chiral perturbation theory and KM15-fit. Our fit functions well define most of the JLab data in the interval $$ Q^2\in [0,0.4]$$Q2∈[0,0.4] GeV$$^2 $$2, while the Lattice results suffer from large uncertainties in this region. As a by-product, some mechanical properties of the nucleon like the pressure and energy density at the center of nucleon as well as its mechanical radius are also calculated and their results are compared with other existing theoretical predictions.

Some QCD/gravity intersections

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (28n29) ◽  
pp. 1645032
Author(s):  
O. V. Teryaev
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Principle ◽  
Energy Momentum Tensor ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Momentum Tensor ◽  
Matrix Elements ◽  
Lattice Data ◽  
Hadron Structure ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Dimensional Gravity ◽  
Quark Transverse Momentum

Gravitational form factors are the matrix elements of the Belinfante energy momentum tensor (EMT) which naturally incorporate the hadron structure and the equivalence principle. The relocalization property allowing to transform EMT to the Belinfante form provides the “kinematical” counterpart of the famous [Formula: see text] problem. The equivalence principle may be approximately valid for quarks and gluons separately in non-perturbative (NP)QCD, and this conjecture is supported by the experimental and lattice data. The extra-dimensional gravity leading to holographic AdS/QCD is supporting the relation of quark transverse momentum to the Regge slope, discovered by V.N. Gribov.

Mass Radius of the Nucleon

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1163-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Hare ◽  
G. Papini
Keyword(s):  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Intermediate State ◽  
Energy Momentum Tensor ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Momentum Tensor ◽  
Dispersion Relations ◽  
Matrix Elements ◽  
State Expansion ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Mean

The mean radius of the mass distribution of the nucleon is determined to be [Formula: see text]. The calculation makes use of sidewise, unsubtracted, threshold dominated dispersion relations for the form factors appearing in the matrix elements of the contracted energy–momentum tensor. It uses a π meson–nucleon intermediate state expansion.

scholarly journals Energy–momentum tensor form factors of the nucleon in nuclear matter

2012 ◽  
Vol 718 (2) ◽  
pp. 625-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Chul Kim ◽  
Peter Schweitzer ◽  
Ulugbek Yakhshiev
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Matter ◽  
Energy Momentum Tensor ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Momentum Tensor ◽  
Tensor Form

scholarly journals The nucleon form-factors of the energy–momentum tensor in the Skyrme model

2007 ◽  
Vol 794 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 87-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cebulla ◽  
K. Goeke ◽  
J. Ossmann ◽  
P. Schweitzer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Momentum Tensor ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Momentum Tensor ◽  
Skyrme Model ◽  
Nucleon Form Factors

scholarly journals Mass sum rules of the electron in quantum electrodynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rodini ◽  
A. Metz ◽  
B. Pasquini
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Rest Frame ◽  
Energy Momentum Tensor ◽  
Sum Rules ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Momentum Tensor ◽  
Moving Frame ◽  
Nucleon Mass ◽  
Loop Order ◽  
The Masses

Abstract Different decompositions of the nucleon mass, in terms of the masses and energies of the underlying constituents, have been proposed in the literature. We explore the corresponding sum rules in quantum electrodynamics for an electron at one-loop order in perturbation theory. To this aim we compute the form factors of the energy-momentum tensor, by paying particular attention to the renormalization of ultraviolet divergences, operator mixing and scheme dependence. We clarify the expressions of all the proposed sum rules in the electron rest frame in terms of renormalized operators. Furthermore, we consider the same sum rules in a moving frame, where they become energy decompositions. Finally, we discuss some implications of our study on the mass sum rules for the nucleon.

scholarly journals In-medium modified energy-momentum tensor form factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 1460237
Author(s):  
Ju-Hyun Jung ◽  
Ulugbek Yakhshiev ◽  
Hyun-Chul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Momentum Tensor ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Momentum Tensor ◽  
Nuclear Medium ◽  
Tensor Form ◽  
Soliton Model ◽  
Chiral Soliton ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Chiral Soliton Model

In this talk, we report a recent investigation on the energy-momentum tensor form factors of the nucleon in nuclear medium, based on the framework of the in-medium modified chiral soliton model. The model was constructed by taking into account the influence of the surrounding environment to the mesonic sector (π-, ρ- and ω-meson properties). We briefly discuss the results of the energy-momentum tensor form factors.

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