Torus Destruction and Chaos–Chaos Intermittency in a Commodity Distribution Chain

1997 ◽  
Vol 07 (06) ◽  
pp. 1225-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Sosnovtseva ◽  
E. Mosekilde
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Production Distribution ◽  
Distribution Chain ◽  
Beer Production ◽  
Decision Making Behavior

The destruction of two-dimensional tori T2 and the transitions to chaos are studied numerically in a high-dimensional model describing the decision making behavior of human subjects in a simulated managerial environment (the beer production-distribution model). Two different routes from quasiperiodicity to chaos can be distinguished. Intermittency transitions between chaotic and hyperchaotic attractors are characterized, and transients in which the "system pursues the ghost" of a vanished hyperchaotic attractor are studied.

scholarly journals The Two–dimensional Model of Jury Decision Making

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Manfred J. Holler
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Utility Maximization ◽  
Simple Majority ◽  
Jury Decision Making ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Single Group ◽  
Voting Game ◽  
Conflicting Interests ◽  
Jury Decision

Abstract This paper discusses a two-dimensional jury model. It combines the idea of winning a maximum of votes in a voting game with utility maximization that derives from the winning proposition. The model assumes a first mover, the plaintiff, and a second-mover, the counsel of the defendant. Typically, these agents represent parties that have conflicting interests. Here they face a jury that consists of three groups of voters such that no single group has a majority of votes. Each group is characterized by homogeneous preferences on three alternatives that describe the possible outcomes. The outcome is selected by a simple majority of the jury members. The agents are interested in both gaining the support of a majority of jury members and seeing their preferred alternative selected as outcome. It will be demonstrated that equilibrium decision making can be derived for this model.

The Effect of Gelled-Pad Design on the Performance of Electrosurgical Dispersive Electrodes

1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Caruso ◽  
J. A. Pearce ◽  
D. P. DeWitt
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Central Surface ◽  
Temperature Distributions ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Two Dimensional Model ◽  
Flow Effects

A two-dimensional model of a simplified configuration of the gelled-pad electrode applied to human tissue was developed. As a consequence of the boundary discontinuity near the edge of the pad, the model predicted high peripheral and low central surface temperature rises. By comparison with base conditions, increased gelled-pad area and gel electrical resistivity and decreased initial pad temperature reduce the temperature rise across the pad surface. Temperature distributions measured on the thighs of human subjects were shown to have similar characteristics to those predicted by the model. Even though three-dimensional and blood flow effects were not considered, the model is satisfactory for evaluating the effect of electrode design changes on thermal performance.

Exploring a Two-dimensional Model of Community Pluralism and Its Effects on the Level of Transparency in Community Decision Making

2008 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory L. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Public Records ◽  
Community Power ◽  
Two Dimensional Model ◽  
Leadership Diversity ◽  
Community Decision

This study examines how a broader look at the concept of community pluralism might provide a more comprehensive perspective. A model employing dimensions of community power and leadership diversity was used to examine how decision making affects the level of transparency within communities. Results indicated that each dimension had a significant impact on the availability of public records and that gender and ethnicity differed in their influence on transparency.

Deterministic chaos in the beer production-distribution model

1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 131-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Mosekilde ◽  
Erik Reimer Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Deterministic Chaos ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Production Distribution ◽  
Beer Production

PNC in 3D Surface Modeling

2017 ◽  
pp. 178-208
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Distribution Function ◽  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Probability Distribution Function ◽  
Feature Space ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Data Interpolation ◽  
3D Surface Modeling

The model of data can be built by choice of probability distribution function and nodes combination. PFC modeling via nodes combination and parameter ? as probability distribution function enables value anticipation in risk analysis and decision making. Two-dimensional curve is extrapolated and interpolated via nodes combination and different functions as discrete or continuous probability distribution functions: polynomial, sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, logarithm, exponent, arc sin, arc cos, arc tan, arc cot or power function. The method of Probabilistic Features Combination (PFC) enables interpolation and modeling of high-dimensional data using features' combinations and different coefficients ? as modeling function. Functions for ? calculations are chosen individually at each data modeling and it is treated as N-dimensional probability distribution function: ? depends on initial requirements and features' specifications. PFC method leads to data interpolation as handwriting or signature identification and image retrieval via discrete set of feature vectors in N-dimensional feature space.

Motivating Innovation: The Effect of Loss Aversion on the Willingness to Persist

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Rosokha ◽  
Kenneth Younge
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Incremental Cost ◽  
Prospect Theory ◽  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Loss Aversion ◽  
Model Uncertainty ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Randomized Experiments

We investigate the willingness of individuals to persist at exploration when confronted by prolonged periods of negative feedback. We design a two-dimensional maze game and run a series of randomized experiments with human subjects in the game. Our results suggest individuals explore more when they are reminded of the incremental cost of their actions, a result that extends prior research on loss aversion and prospect theory to environments characterized by model uncertainty. In addition, we run simulations based on a model of reinforcement learning that extend beyond two-period models of decision making to account for repeated behavior in longer-running, dynamic contexts.

scholarly journals Extracting the Dynamics of Behavior in Decision-Making Experiments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Roy ◽  
Ji Hyun Bak ◽  
Athena Akrami ◽  
Carlos D. Brody ◽  
Jonathan W. Pillow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Visual Detection ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Experimental Population ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Behavioral Dynamics ◽  
Task Irrelevant ◽  
Decision Making Behavior

AbstractUnderstanding how animals update their decision-making behavior over time is an important problem in neuroscience. Decision-making strategies evolve over the course of learning, and continue to vary even in well-trained animals. However, the standard suite of behavioral analysis tools is ill-equipped to capture the dynamics of these strategies. Here, we present a flexible method for characterizing time-varying behavior during decision-making experiments. We show that it successfully captures trial-to-trial changes in an animal’s sensitivity to not only task-relevant stimuli, but also task-irrelevant covariates such as choice, reward, and stimulus history. We use this method to derive insights from training data collected in mice, rats, and human subjects performing auditory discrimination and visual detection tasks. With this approach, we uncover the detailed evolution of an animal’s strategy during learning, including adaptation to time-varying task statistics, suppression of sub-optimal strategies, and shared behavioral dynamics between subjects within an experimental population.

Commitment to pro- versus counter-attitudinal behavior and the dynamics of social representations

2002 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Tafani ◽  
Lionel Souchet
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Cognitive Restructuring ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Dimensional Model ◽  
Students Attitudes

This research uses the counter-attitudinal essay paradigm ( Janis & King, 1954 ) to test the effects of social actions on social representations. Thus, students wrote either a pro- or a counter-attitudinal essay on Higher Education. Three forms of counter-attitudinal essays were manipulated countering respectively a) students’ attitudes towards higher education; b) peripheral beliefs or c) central beliefs associated with this representation object. After writing the essay, students expressed their attitudes towards higher education and evaluated different beliefs associated with it. The structural status of these beliefs was also assessed by a “calling into question” test ( Flament, 1994a ). Results show that behavior challenging either an attitude or peripheral beliefs induces a rationalization process, giving rise to minor modifications of the representational field. These modifications are only on the social evaluative dimension of the social representation. On the other hand, when the behavior challenges central beliefs, the same rationalization process induces a cognitive restructuring of the representational field, i.e., a structural change in the representation. These results and their implications for the experimental study of representational dynamics are discussed with regard to the two-dimensional model of social representations ( Moliner, 1994 ) and rationalization theory ( Beauvois & Joule, 1996 ).

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