Investigating the Relationship Between SLOC and Logical Database Measures to Improve the Early Estimation of Software Cost

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 401-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gul Tokdemir ◽  
Nergiz Ercil Cagiltay
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Database Design ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Software Cost Estimation ◽  
Software Cost

Project planning is a critical activity in the software development life cycle. At the early stages of a project, the managers need to estimate required time, effort and cost to plan, track and then to deliver the project successfully. Many studies have attempted to provide methods for precise software cost estimation. The current software cost estimation methods are mainly based on software size estimation and functional system requirements. The main assumption of this study is that, as the primary source of complexity in today’s software is the interaction between the database and the user, database measures may provide inputs allowing current software estimation methods to achieve more accurate results. Accordingly, this study attempts to gain insights from objective measures, collected through the logical database model of software systems, for better prediction of the software’s effort and hence cost through software lines of code (SLOC) measure. For this purpose, more than 2.5 million lines of code developed by four different companies, for 79 different software packages with their related database design measures, are analyzed. The results of this study show that there is a close correlation between the software size and database design measure, namely, the number of tables which can be collected at the logical database design stage. By adapting this result, the current estimation models could be improved significantly.

A grey rough set model for evaluation and selection of software cost estimation methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
Jian-Zhong Qiao
Keyword(s):  
System Theory ◽  
Rough Set ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Grey System Theory ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Software Cost Estimation ◽  
Grey System ◽  
Software Cost ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – Due to the limitation of acknowledgment, the complexity of software system and the interference of noises, this paper aims to solve the traditional problem: traditional software cost estimation methods face the challenge of poor and uncertain inputs. Design/methodology/approach – Under such circumstances, different cost estimation methods vary greatly on estimation accuracy and effectiveness. Therefore, it is crucial to perform evaluation and selection on estimation methods against a poor information database. This paper presents a grey rough set model by introducing grey system theory into rough set based analysis, aiming for a better choice of software cost estimation method on accuracy and effectiveness. Findings – The results are very encouraging in the sense of comparison among four machine learning techniques and thus indicate it an effective approach to evaluate software cost estimation method where insufficient information is provided. Practical implications – Based on the grey rough set model, the decision targets can be classified approximately. Furthermore, the grey of information and the limitation of cognition can be overcome during the use of the grey rough interval correlation cluster method. Originality/value – This paper proposed the grey rough set model combining grey system theory with rough set for software cost estimation method evaluation and selection.

scholarly journals The trend of software cost estimation in Ethiopia Case study : Addis Ababa

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 24901-24906
Author(s):  
Asebe Teka Nega
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Software Cost Estimation ◽  
Software Cost ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Software Company

For a different item, you can purchase it. There are different costs to purchase that you can analysis the benefit and loses, even if on the software it has different approaches to analysis their wages, the developer company can get their analysis by the different methods.  There are a lot of software cost estimation methods are appearing in different years but still, those methods have their own drawback on making a correct effort and scheduling estimation, here in the paper Today there are different software cost estimation methods that the software company uses from the requirement to implementation phase. Corrected cost estimation supports us to complete the project on planned times and budgets. This paper is mainly presenting the current situations of cost estimation on software placed in Addis Abebas different software compony    

Improving and expanding NASA software cost estimation methods

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairus Hihn ◽  
Leora Juster ◽  
James Johnson ◽  
Tim Menzies ◽  
George Michael
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Software Cost Estimation ◽  
Software Cost

Functional Link Artificial Neural Networks for Software Cost Estimation

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Tirimula Rao ◽  
Satchidananda Dehuri ◽  
Rajib Mall
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Software Cost Estimation ◽  
Functional Link ◽  
Software Cost ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Polynomial Expansions

Software cost estimation is the process of predicting the effort required to develop a software system. Software development projects often overrun their planned effort as defined at preliminary design review. Software cost estimation is important for budgeting, risk analysis, project planning, and software improvement analysis. In this paper, the authors propose a faster functional link artificial neural network (FLANN) based software cost estimation. By means of preprocessing, i.e., optimal reduced datasets (ORD), the authors make the functional link artificial neural network faster. Optimal reduced datasets, which reduce the whole project base into small subsets that consist of only representative projects. The representative projects are given as input to FLANN and tested on eight state-of-the-art polynomial expansions. The proposed methods are validated on five real time datasets. This approach yields accurate results vis-à-vis conventional FLANN, support vector machine regression (SVR), radial basis function (RBF), classification, and regression trees (CART).

Research on Improved Staged Software Cost Estimation Method Based on COCOMO Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 1501-1504
Author(s):  
Hai Yang
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Software Maintenance ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Software Project ◽  
Software Cost Estimation ◽  
Software Cost ◽  
Cocomo Model ◽  
The Cost

The accuracy of software cost estimation is essential for software development management. By introducing and analyzing the estimation methods of software cost systematically, the paper discussed the necessary of considering the software maintenance stage and estimating the software cost by separating the procedure of software development into several small stages. Then a staged software cost estimation method based on COCOMO model was proposed. The use of the new software cost estimation method proposed by this paper not only contributes to the cost control of software project, but also effectively avoids the bias problem due to using by single cost estimation method so that the accuracy of cost estimation could be improved.

scholarly journals Design & Analysis of Cost Estimation for New Mobile-COCOMO Tool for Mobile Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Bhawana Verma, Satish Kumar Alaria
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Software Cost Estimation ◽  
Software Developers ◽  
Software Cost ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cocomo Ii

Software cost estimation is a resource forecasting method, which is required by the software development process. However, estimating the workload, schedule and cost of a software project is a complex task because it involves predicting the future using historical project data and extrapolating to see future values. For cost estimates for software projects, several methods are used. Among the various software cost estimation methods available, the most commonly used technology is the COCOMO method. Similarly, to calculate software costs, there are several cost estimating tools available for software developers to use. But these released cost estimation tools can only provide parameters (i.e. cost, development time, average personnel) for large software with multiple lines of code. However, if a software developer wants to estimate the cost of a small project that is usually a mobile application, the available tools will not give the right results. Therefore, to calculate the cost of the mobile application, the available cost estimation method COCOMO II is improved to a new model called New Mobile COCOMO Tool. The New Mobile COCOMO tool developed specifically for mobile applications is a boon for software developers working in small software applications because it only includes important multipliers that play a vital role in estimating the cost of developing mobile applications. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to propose a cost estimation model with a special case of COCOMO II, especially for mobile applications, which calculates the person-month, the programmed time and the average personnel involved in the development of any mobile app.

scholarly journals Risk Analysis in Software Cost Estimation: A Simulation-Based Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2176-2183
Author(s):  
Vikram Singh, Varun Malik, Ruchi Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Software Cost Estimation ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Software Cost ◽  
Software Development Project ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
The Way

Risk analysis and cost estimation are two important aspects of project planning that can either make the way or break the way to a project’s success. At the same, both these tasks are difficult and painstaking, but whether someone likes it and not, the project’s success depends heavily on them. As documented by Fredric Brooks Junior in his legendry book “The Mythical Man-Month,” planning, scheduling, and estimation have been central to software engineering since its early days in the 1970s. Present communication presents a simulation-based approach to estimate the costing schedule of a software development project. The results show that simulation is expedient as well as efficient in terms of time, effort, and cost requirement and provides pragmatic results.

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