CALCULATING THE FUNDAMENTAL BIQUANDLES OF SURFACE LINKS FROM THEIR CH–DIAGRAMS

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1250102 ◽  
Author(s):  
SOSUKE ASHIHARA
Keyword(s):  
Double Point ◽  
Link Diagram ◽  
Oriented Surface ◽  
Generating Set

The fundamental biquandle is an invariant of an oriented surface link, which is defined by a presentation obtained from a surface diagram of the surface link: The generating set consists of labels of the semi-sheets and the relator set consists of relations defined at the double point curves. Any surface link can be presented by a link diagram with some markers which is called a ch-diagram. Using this fact, we give a method for calculating the fundamental biquandle of a surface link from its ch-diagram directly.

scholarly journals On generating sets of Yoshikawa moves for marked graph diagrams of surface-links

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieon Kim ◽  
Yewon Joung ◽  
Sang Youl Lee
Keyword(s):  
Finite Sequence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Link Diagram ◽  
Oriented Surface ◽  
Generating Sets ◽  
Marked Graph

A marked graph diagram is a link diagram possibly with marked 4-valent vertices. S. J. Lomonaco, Jr. and K. Yoshikawa introduced a method of representing surface-links by marked graph diagrams. Specially, K. Yoshikawa suggested local moves on marked graph diagrams, nowadays called Yoshikawa moves. It is now known that two marked graph diagrams representing equivalent surface-links are related by a finite sequence of these Yoshikawa moves. In this paper, we provide some generating sets of Yoshikawa moves on marked graph diagrams representing unoriented surface-links, and also oriented surface-links. We also discuss independence of certain Yoshikawa moves from the other moves.

scholarly journals THE GENERALIZED DEHN TWIST ALONG A FIGURE EIGHT

2013 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 271-295
Author(s):  
YUSUKE KUNO
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Group Ring ◽  
Boundary Component ◽  
Double Point ◽  
Dehn Twist ◽  
Oriented Surface ◽  
The Right

For any unoriented loop on a compact connected oriented surface with one boundary component, we introduce a generalized Dehn twist along the loop as a certain automorphism of the completed group ring of the fundamental group of the surface. If the loop is simple, this corresponds to the right-handed Dehn twist, and in particular is realized as a diffeomorphism of the surface. We investigate the case where the loop has a single transverse double point, and show that in this case the generalized Dehn twist is not realized as a diffeomorphism.

scholarly journals Polynomial of an oriented surface-link diagram via quantum A 2 invariant

2017 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 159-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yewon Joung ◽  
Seiichi Kamada ◽  
Akio Kawauchi ◽  
Sang Youl Lee
Keyword(s):  
Link Diagram ◽  
Oriented Surface

scholarly journals A generating set for the canonical ideal of HKG-curves

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristides Kontogeorgis ◽  
Ioannis Tsouknidas
Keyword(s):  
Generating Set ◽  
Canonical Ideal

Cross Double Point Discharge as Enhanced Excitation Source for Highly Sensitive Determination of Arsenic, Mercury and Lead by Optical Emission Spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin He ◽  
Peixia Li ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
Jin Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Point ◽  
Hydride Generation ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Sample Introduction ◽  
Excitation Source ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Point Discharge ◽  
Sensitive Determination

A new cross double point discharge (CrossPD) microplasma was designed as an excitation source to construct a miniaturized optical emission spectrometer with hydride generation (HG) for sample introduction. The CrossPD...

A Control System for a High-Quality Generating Set Equipped With a Two-Shaft Gas Turbine

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kumakura ◽  
T. Matsumura ◽  
E. Tsuruta ◽  
A. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Constant Frequency ◽  
Generating Set ◽  
Generating Sets ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Computer Centers ◽  
Supply Systems

A control system has been developed for a high-quality generating set (150-kW) equipped with a two-shaft gas turbine featuring a variable power turbine nozzle. Because this generating set satisfies stringent frequency stability requirements, it can be employed as the direct electric power source for computer centers without using constant-voltage, constant-frequency power supply systems. Conventional generating sets of this kind have normally been powered by single-shaft gas turbines, which have a larger output shaft inertia than the two-shaft version. Good frequency characteristics have also been realized with the two-shaft gas turbine, which provides superior quick start ability and lower fuel consumption under partial loads.

scholarly journals Intersection Conductance and Canonical Alternating Paths: Methods for General Finite Markov Chains

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-606
Author(s):  
RAVI MONTENEGRO
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chains ◽  
Cayley Graph ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Symmetric Case ◽  
Generating Set ◽  
Finite Markov Chains

We extend the conductance and canonical paths methods to the setting of general finite Markov chains, including non-reversible non-lazy walks. The new path method is used to show that a known bound for the mixing time of a lazy walk on a Cayley graph with a symmetric generating set also applies to the non-lazy non-symmetric case, often even when there is no holding probability.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document