DECAY PROPERTIES AND STABILITY OF HEAVIEST ELEMENTS

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250013 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. KARPOV ◽  
V. I. ZAGREBAEV ◽  
Y. MARTINEZ PALENZUELA ◽  
L. FELIPE RUIZ ◽  
WALTER GREINER
Keyword(s):  
Superheavy Nuclei ◽  
Fusion Reactions ◽  
Β Decay ◽  
Α Decay ◽  
Experimental Identification ◽  
Nuclear Ground State ◽  
Decay Properties ◽  
Experimental Facilities ◽  
Neutron Rich Isotopes ◽  
Heaviest Elements

Decay properties and stability of heaviest nuclei with Z≤132 are studied within the macro-microscopical approach for nuclear ground state masses and phenomenological relations for the half-lives with respect to α-decay, β-decay and spontaneous fission. We found that at existing experimental facilities the synthesis and detection of nuclei with Z>120 produced in fusion reactions may be difficult due to their short half-lives (shorter than 1 μs). The nearest (more neutron-rich) isotopes of superheavy elements with 111≤Z≤115 to those synthesized recently in Dubna in 48 Ca -induced fusion reactions are found to be β+-decaying. This fact may significantly complicate their experimental identification. However it gives a chance to synthesize in fusion reactions the most stable superheavy nuclei located at the center of the island of stability. Our calculations yield that the β-stable isotopes 291 Cn and 293 Cn with a half-life of about 100 years are the longest-living superheavy nuclei located at the island of stability.

SYNTHESIS OF HEAVIEST ELEMENTS (RESULTS AND PROSPECTS)

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 949-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
YURI OGANESSIAN
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Spontaneous Fission ◽  
Radioactive Decay ◽  
Superheavy Element ◽  
Parent Nucleus ◽  
Superheavy Nuclei ◽  
Α Decay ◽  
Decay Properties ◽  
Neutron Rich Isotope ◽  
Heaviest Elements

The formation and decay properties of the heaviest nuclei with Z = 112 - 116 and 118 were studied in the reactions 238 U , 242,244 Pu , 243 Am , 245,248 Cm and 249 Cf +48 Ca . The new nuclides mainly undergo sequential α-decay, which ends with spontaneous fission. The total time of decays ranges from 0.5 ms to about 1 day, depending on the proton and neutron numbers in the synthesized nuclei. The atomic number of the new elements 115 and 113 was confirmed also by an independent radiochemical experiment based on the identification of the neutron-rich isotope 268 Db (TSF ≈ 30 h ), the final product in the chain of α-decays of the odd–odd parent nucleus 288115. The comparison of the decay properties of 29 new nuclides with Z = 104 - 118 and N = 162 - 177 gives evidence for the decisive influence of the structure of superheavy nuclei on their stability with respect to different modes of radioactive decay. The investigations connected with the search for superheavy elements in Nature (cosmic rays) and prospects of superheavy element research are also presented.

SUPERHEAVY RESEARCH AT RIKEN

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 2175-2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
KOSUKE MORITA
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Neutron Emission ◽  
Alpha Decay ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Fusion Reactions ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Decay Properties ◽  
Evaporation Residues ◽  
Heaviest Elements ◽  
Physical And Chemical

At RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research) in Japan, we have performed experiments to study the productions and decays of the heaviest elements produced by one neutron emission channels of 208 Pb and 209 Bi based heavy-ion induced fusion reactions. A gas-filled type recoil separator has been used for collecting evaporation residues of the reactions separating them from high intensity beam particles. The reactions studied were 208 Pb (58 Fe , n )265 Hs , 208 Pb (64 Ni , n ) 271 Ds , 209 Bi (64 Ni , n ) 272 Rg , 208 Pb (70 Zn , n ) 277112, and 209 Bi (70 Zn , n ) 278113. In studies of the first four reactions we have provided the independent confirmations of the productions and their decays of the isotopes, 265 Hs , 271 Ds , 272 Rg , and 277112, as well as the decay properties of their decay daughters, previously studied by Hofmann et al., a group of Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Germany. In the last reaction, we observed two decay chains originated from the isotope 278113, assigned firstly by generic correlation of the alpha decay chains connected into the previously known decay of 266 Bh and 262 Db via previously unknown alpha decays of 278113, 274 Rg and 270 Mt .

scholarly journals Competition between α-decay and β-decay for heavy and superheavy nuclei

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 124101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zong-Qiang Sheng ◽  
Liang-Ping Shu ◽  
Ying Meng ◽  
Ji-Gang Hu ◽  
Jian-Fa Qian
Keyword(s):  
Superheavy Nuclei ◽  
Β Decay ◽  
Α Decay ◽  
Heavy And Superheavy Nuclei

scholarly journals Attempt to connect the nuclear charge radii with the experimental α decay data for superheavy nuclei

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 02031
Author(s):  
Yibin Qian
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Charge ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Superheavy Nuclei ◽  
Heavy Nuclei ◽  
Nucleon Density ◽  
Α Decay ◽  
Decay Data ◽  
Charge Radii ◽  
Heaviest Elements ◽  
Theory And Experiment

Significant progresses have been made so far for the synthesis of the heaviest elements, while the knowledge of them appears to be quite limited even when it comes to basic properties, e.g., their size. On the other side, the observation of α decay chains is the main tool to identify the newly produced elements. In this report, we propose to make use of the available experimental α decay data to extract the nuclear charge radii of superheavy nuclei. Within the density dependent cluster model, the nucleon density distribution of the target nucleus is determined by exactly reproducing the measured α decay half-life of its parent, finally leading to the nuclear radii. Encouraged by the agreement between theory and experiment for heavy nuclei, we extend the study to the region of superheavy nuclei as well.

scholarly journals Superheavy elements

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-570
Author(s):  
Yu. Ts. Oganessian
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Table ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Superheavy Elements ◽  
Superheavy Nuclei ◽  
Fusion Reactions ◽  
Nuclear Theory ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Flerov Laboratory ◽  
Heaviest Elements

Synthesis of superheavy elements predicted by microscopic nuclear theory is investigated. The heaviest elements with Z = 114–118 were synthesized by fusion reactions of actinide nuclei with 48Ca ions accelerated using the U-400 complex at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (FLNR), one of seven laboratories that comprise the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) located in Dubna, Russia. The experiments were carried out in collaboration with physicists and chemists working at the Livermore and Oak Ridge national laboratories in located in California and Tennessee, respectively. Discovery of these elements allowed completion of the seventh period of the periodic table. The microscopic nuclear theory’s fundamental predictions about the possible existence of superheavy elements received the experimental confirmation. A new laboratory, i.e., the "STE Factory" associated with the JINR FLNR, has been established to research superheavy nuclei.

Predictions for the α decay of superheavy nuclei of Z = 119 − 120 isotopes

2021 ◽  
pp. 122250
Author(s):  
Haitao Yang ◽  
Zhongxia Zhao ◽  
Xiaopan Li ◽  
Yan Cai ◽  
Xiaojun Bao
Keyword(s):  
Superheavy Nuclei ◽  
Α Decay

Entrance Channel Dependence of Production Cross Sections of Superheavy Nuclei in Cold Fusion Reactions

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 846-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhao-Qing ◽  
Jin Gen-Ming ◽  
Fu Fen ◽  
Zhang Feng-Shou ◽  
Jia Fei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Cold Fusion ◽  
Entrance Channel ◽  
Superheavy Nuclei ◽  
Fusion Reactions
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