A large number of heterocyclic compounds with five membered rings as the parent nucleus such as
tetrazoles, imidazoles, triazoles, oxadiazoles, thiadiazoles, thiazoles, etc. have been studied extensively
owing to their fascinating biological properties like anticancer, antifungal, antimicrobial, antitumor,
anticonvulsant, antiviral, etc. 1,2,3-Triazoles are important class of five-membered biologically active
heterocyclic compounds as they exhibit wide range of pharmacological activities. Triazoles are of two
types viz. 1,2,3-triazole and 1,2,4-triazole. These compounds have drawn great attention from chemists
and biologists since their discovery. In recent years, triazoles has emerged as an interesting field in
drug design for many researchers due to their enormous pharmacological scope. The present review
aims to sum up the medicinal significance of 1,2,3-triazoles as one of the most significant structures
for the development of drug molecules like anticancer, antibacterial, HIV protease inhibitors, antifungal,
anti-inflammatory (COX-1/COX-2 inhibitors), antiprotozoal, anticonvulsant, antioxidant and others,
which are under clinical trials. Various benzyl and benzyl-halide functionalized 1,2,3-triazole derivatives
like rufinamide, mubritinib (TAK-165) and suvorexant showing excellent biological activities have
been used as medicine. In present review, more stress has been laid on the major developments in the
therapeutic aspects of triazole pharmacophore for the last two decades.
1,2,3-Triazoles: Lead Molecules For Promising Drugs: A Review