BioBoard

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 1267-1273
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Drug Approval ◽  
Influenza Virus Vaccine ◽  
Biomedical Ethics ◽  
Bird Flu ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza ◽  
Speed Up

Australia — Politicians Chastise Australia's Science Institute. Australia — GE Healthcare and WA Government Collaborate on Cell-based Imaging Equipment. Australia — The Goal of Imugene's H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus Vaccine. China — East China University Sparks Debate on Education Funding. China — 3D Map of SARS virus Drawn. China — Researchers Comment that Global Loss of Biodiversity is Harming Ocean Bounty. China — China Insists that there are No Variant Bird Flu Strain. China — Gene involved in Eye Lens Development. China — Cancer-causing Dye Found in Duck Eggs in China. Hong Kong — Scientists in Hong Kong Found Clues to Pandemic Bird Flu. Hong Kong — Hong Kong Bird Flu Expert Picked to Head WHO. India — Ranbaxy Signs Licensing Agreement with Swiss Company Debiopharm. India — Indian Biotechnology Park. Japan — Japan's New Premier Chases Innovation. Japan — Japan Reforms Screening to Speed up Drug Approval. New Zealand — New Zealand Invests in Neurology Project. South Korea — South Korea Gives Funding Boost to Stem-Cell Research. South Korea — South Korea Plans to Inject $253 million into Biotech. South Korea — Scientists Discover Stem Cells Might Help to Treat Mental Illness. Singapore — Renowned French Cancer Development Biologist Moves to Singapore's Biopolis. Singapore — Singapore Plans to Build Bigger Heart Center to Handle Spiraling Patient Numbers. Singapore — New Centre for Biomedical Ethics at NUS. Taiwan — Taiwan's CDC Places Order for H5N1 Vaccine. Taiwan — Tenders sought for Pingtung Agricultural Biotech Park Housing.

BioBoard

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Phase Ii Trials ◽  
Cooperation Agreement ◽  
Bird Flu

Australia — ANSTO Gets Four-Year Funding. China — Studies of Breast Cancer Diagnosis Technology get Support from Government. China — Tri-vaccine Against Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Developed in Henan. China — Peregrine Opens Subsidiary in China and Launches New Lung Cancer Therapy. China — National Academy of Sciences Honors Six HHMI Researchers. China — China and Canada Sign Science and Technology Cooperation Agreement. China — Aida's Cancer Drug Enters Phase II Trials. China — Guangdong on Alert Against SARS During Spring Festival. China — A Chinese Court Fines Two Companies for Patent Infringement of Viagra. China — Italy Welcomes TCM. Hong Kong — Hong Kong on High Alert Against Bird Flu. India — ClinTec International to Expand Operations in India. India — India May be the Birthplace of One of the World's Deadliest Killers — Tuberculosis. India — India to Implement Centralized Licensing in 5-Year Span on Therapeutic Basis. Indonesia — Indonesia Plans to Get Kits for Faster Bird Flu Diagnosis. Japan — Japan Confirms A New Bird Flu Case. Japan — Bayer Signs Imaging Deal with Japan Firms. Malaysia — Malaysian Company to Produce Bioethanol from Nipah Palm Tree. New Zealand — AstraZeneca Provides Alternative Supply of Adrenaline for New Zealand. Singapore — Singapore Government to Pass Health Product Bill. Singapore — ImmuneRegen Ships Viprovex to Singapore Defense Lab. Singapore — Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Receives S$80 Million Donation. Singapore — S*BIO and Karolinska Institutet Ink Research Pact. Singapore — New Neurosurgical Center Boosts Singapore as a Hub of Medical Excellence. Taiwan — Scholarship Scheme for Taiwan Students of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Taiwan — World's First Liver Genome Library Complete. Taiwan — Local Researchers Help with the Sequence of Parasite Genome Project. South Korea — Scientists Discover Anti-AIDS Protein Mechanism. South Korea — South Korea Confirms New Highly-Virulent Bird Flu Case. Thailand — Thai Police Seize Illegal Bird Flu Vaccine. Vietnam — Bird Flu Hits Sixth Province in Vietnam's Mekong Delta.

Bird flu hype

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iina Hellsten ◽  
Brigitte Nerlich
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Discussion Forums ◽  
Bird Flu ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
Quantitative Results

Bird flu, otherwise known as avian influenza, has attracted widespread public and global attention. The H5N1 avian influenza virus was first documented as infecting humans in Hong Kong in 1997 and many of those infected died subsequently from the virus that had been transmitted from poultry to humans. It took several years, however, before a hyped up type of public debate about bird flu began in around 2004. This article examines the hype surrounding public debates about bird flu in medical journals, newspapers and public discussion forums from 1997 to 2006. The article focuses on the development of the frequencies of published texts, and the terminology used in the three databases. The quantitative results will be accompanied by a hermeneutic interpretation of the main sub-topics within the debates. These (preliminary) results contribute to research dealing with the emergence of hypes and the spread of public debates more generally.

scholarly journals Pathobiology of A/Chicken/Hong Kong/220/97 (H5N1) Avian Influenza Virus in Seven Gallinaceous Species

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. L. Perkins ◽  
D. E. Swayne
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza ◽  
Virus Localization

Direct bird-to-human transmission, with the production of severe respiratory disease and human mortality, is unique to the Hong Kong-origin H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, which was originally isolated from a disease outbreak in chickens. The pathobiology of the A/chicken/Hong Kong/ 220/97 (H5N1) (HK/220) HPAI virus was investigated in chickens, turkeys, Japanese and Bobwhite quail, guinea fowl, pheasants, and partridges, where it produced 75-100% mortality within 10 days. Depression, mucoid diarrhea, and neurologic dysfunction were common clinical manifestations of disease. Grossly, the most severe and consistent lesions included splenomegaly, pulmonary edema and congestion, and hemorrhages in enteric lymphoid areas, on serosal surfaces, and in skeletal muscle. Histologic lesions were observed in multiple organs and were characterized by exudation, hemorrhage, necrosis, inflammation, or a combination of these features. The lung, heart, brain, spleen, and adrenal glands were the most consistently affected, and viral antigen was most often detected by immunohistochemistry in the parenchyma of these organs. The pathogenesis of infection with the HK/220 HPAI virus in these species was twofold. Early mortality occurring at 1-2 days postinoculation (DPI) corresponded to severe pulmonary edema and congestion and virus localization within the vascular endothelium. Mortality occurring after 2 DPI was related to systemic biochemical imbalance, multiorgan failure, or a combination of these factors. The pathobiologic features were analogous to those experimentally induced with other HPAI viruses in domestic poultry.

BioBoard

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (06) ◽  
pp. 318-328
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Human Case ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Draft Regulation ◽  
Set Up

Australia — Australia and New Zealand Collaborate on Grain Research. Australia — Cervical Cancer Hope for Developing World. Australia — Agilent Technologies Honors Australian Researcher with 2007 Manfred Donike Award. China — China Adopts Five-Year Health Plan. China — Chinese HIV/AIDS Advocate Gao Receives Award. China — China's New Rule on Prescription of Drugs. China — China to Increase Spending on Agricultural Biotechnology. China — China to Increase Natural Science Research Investment. China — Free TB Detection and Treatment Promised in China. China — Dr Zhang Xu Awarded the 6th Shanghai Peony Award for Research in Natural Sciences. China — National Survey on TB Drug-Resistance to Be Launched. China — Twelve Technological Infrastructure Projects to Be Built in China. China — China Passes Draft Regulation on Human Organ Transplant. China — Scientist Wins Top Scientific and Technological Award. China — Science and Technology Progress in 2006. Hong Kong — Hong Kong Reports Human Case of H9N2. India — India's Maharashtra FDA Conducted Raids on Fake Drug Makers. India — NIH Chooses India and China for HIV Clinical Trials. India — Apollo Hospitals Teams Up with StemCyte on Stem Cell Research. India — Ranbaxy in Lipitor Patent Suit with Pfizer in 17 countries. India — DuPont to Set Up R&D Center in India. India — AZRFI Dissolved and AstraZeneca to Mentor Science Sponsorship. India — AstraZeneca's New Center in India. Japan — Tamiflu May be Dangerous to Teens. New Zealand — PHARMAC Asking about Herceptin Funding. New Zealand — Two New Medicines Funded for People with HIV. South Korea — South Korean Laboratory Develops Radiation Source for Cancer Treatment. South Korea — Health Ministers of South Korea, China and Japan to Meet. South Korea — South Korea to Issue Safety Warnings on Tamiflu. Taiwan — Taiwan Scientists Develop Reproductive Cells from hESC. Thailand — Thai Health Groups Urge the Boycotting of Abbott. Vietnam — Vietnam to Produce Bird Flu Vaccines for Poultry. Others — WHO takes Stern Measures against Fake Drugs.

scholarly journals Rapid Evolution of H5N1 Influenza Viruses in Chickens in Hong Kong

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 3366-3374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Nan Zhou ◽  
Kennedy F. Shortridge ◽  
Eric C. J. Claas ◽  
Scott L. Krauss ◽  
Robert G. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
H5n1 Influenza ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza ◽  
Phylogenetic Lineages

ABSTRACT The H5N1 avian influenza virus that killed 6 of 18 persons infected in Hong Kong in 1997 was transmitted directly from poultry to humans. Viral isolates from this outbreak may provide molecular clues to zoonotic transfer. Here we demonstrate that the H5N1 viruses circulating in poultry comprised two distinguishable phylogenetic lineages in all genes that were in very rapid evolution. When introduced into new hosts, influenza viruses usually undergo rapid alteration of their surface glycoproteins, especially in the hemagglutinin (HA). Surprisingly, these H5N1 isolates had a large proportion of amino acid changes in all gene products except in the HA. These viruses maybe reassortants each of whose HA gene is well adapted to domestic poultry while the rest of the genome arises from a different source. The consensus amino acid sequences of “internal” virion proteins reveal amino acids previously found in human strains. These human-specific amino acids may be important factors in zoonotic transmission.

scholarly journals Continued Circulation in China of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses Encoding the Hemagglutinin Gene Associated with the 1997 H5N1 Outbreak in Poultry and Humans

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (14) ◽  
pp. 6592-6599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela N. Cauthen ◽  
David E. Swayne ◽  
Stacey Schultz-Cherry ◽  
Michael L. Perdue ◽  
David L. Suarez
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza ◽  
Viral Isolates

ABSTRACT Since the outbreak in humans of an H5N1 avian influenza virus in Hong Kong in 1997, poultry entering the live-bird markets of Hong Kong have been closely monitored for infection with avian influenza. In March 1999, this monitoring system detected geese that were serologically positive for H5N1 avian influenza virus, but the birds were marketed before they could be sampled for virus. However, viral isolates were obtained by swabbing the cages that housed the geese. These samples, known collectively as A/Environment/Hong Kong/437/99 (A/Env/HK/437/99), contained four viral isolates, which were compared to the 1997 H5N1 Hong Kong isolates. Analysis of A/Env/HK/437/99 viruses revealed that the four isolates are nearly identical genetically and are most closely related to A/Goose/Guangdong/1/96. These isolates and the 1997 H5N1 Hong Kong viruses encode common hemagglutinin (H5) genes that have identical hemagglutinin cleavage sites. Thus, the pathogenicity of the A/Env/HK/437/99 viruses was compared in chickens and in mice to evaluate the potential for disease outbreaks in poultry and humans. The A/Env/HK/437/99 isolates were highly pathogenic in chickens but caused a longer mean death time and had altered cell tropism compared to A/Hong Kong/156/97 (A/HK/156/97). Like A/HK/156/97, the A/Env/HK/437/99 viruses replicated in mice and remained localized to the respiratory tract. However, the A/Env/HK/437/99 isolates caused only mild pathological lesions in these tissues and no clinical signs of disease or death. As a measure of the immune response to these viruses, transforming growth factor β levels were determined in the serum of infected mice and showed elevated levels for the A/Env/HK/437/99 viruses compared to the A/HK/156/97 viruses. This study is the first to characterize the A/Env/HK/437/99 viruses in both avian and mammalian species, evaluating the H5 gene from the 1997 Hong Kong H5N1 isolates in a different genetic background. Our findings reveal that at least one of the avian influenza virus genes encoded by the 1997 H5N1 Hong Kong viruses continues to circulate in mainland China and that this gene is important for pathogenesis in chickens but is not the sole determinant of pathogenicity in mice. There is evidence that H9N2 viruses, which have internal genes in common with the 1997 H5N1 Hong Kong isolates, are still circulating in Hong Kong and China as well, providing a heterogeneous gene pool for viral reassortment. The implications of these findings for the potential for human disease are discussed.

Generation of an attenuated H5N1 avian influenza virus vaccine with all eight genes from avian viruses

Vaccine ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (42) ◽  
pp. 7379-7384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huoying Shi ◽  
Xiu Fan Liu ◽  
Xiaorong Zhang ◽  
Sujuan Chen ◽  
Lei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Influenza Virus Vaccine ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Viruses

BioBoard

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 680-688
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Patent Litigation ◽  
Tight Control ◽  
Bird Flu ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Cervical Cancer Vaccine

Australia — Glaxo Cervical Cancer Vaccine Approved in Australia. Australia — Ten Million Dollar Grant to Establish Australian Mammalian Cell Production Facility. Australia — AgResearch and CSIRO Plant Industry Collaborate. China — Bird Flu Continues to be Public a Health Threat in China. China — China to Regularly Probe Drug Market. China — China and Cuba Set Up Joint Biotech Venture. China — GlaxoSmithKline to Set up a Drug Research Center in China. China — China Commited to Control the Spread of HIV. China — China Implements Tight Control Ordered over Assisted Reproductive Technology. India — OPPI to Adopt Marketing Code for Medicines. Indonesia — Indonesia Says US Critics Helped Push WHO to Change Virus-Sharing System. Indonesia — Indonesia Hands Out Kits to Fight Bird Flu. Japan — Kobe Team Succeeds in Mass Cultivation of Stem Cells. Malaysia — Bird Flu in Selangor "Confined to Three Villages". Malaysia — Polartechnics' Cervical Screening System Goes to Malaysia. New Zealand — Ryman Donates US$120 000 to Medical Research. New Zealand — New Zealand Establishes First Private Radiotherapy Center in Auckland. New Zealand — New Zealand Offers R&D Tax Incentives. Singapore — Singapore Steps up Fight against Dengue. South Korea — Korea Opens First Proton Radiotherapy Center. South Korea — Korean Yuyu Inc Files Patent Litigation against Merck. South Korea — South Korea Slaughters Thousands of Pigs to Stem Spread of Bird Flu. Thailand — Cancer — Next Priority in Pharma War. Thailand — Population and Community Development Association (PDA) of Thailand Receives 2007 Gates Award. Thailand — Eisai Seeks Thailand's Approval for Gasmotin. Vietnam — Bird Flu Survivors' Antibodies Effective.

Bioboard

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 5-23
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Bird Flu

AUSTRALIA – Australia Developing Breakthrough Leukemia Research Strategy. AUSTRALIA – Obesity Associated With Detrimental Changes in Ovary. AUSTRALIA – Queensland's Dengue Outbreak Worsens. CHINA – Global Fund Assists Guangxi In Anti-AIDS Programs. CHINA – Chinese Scientists Clone 5 Human Embryos for Research. CHINA – China Stockpiles Vaccine for Possible Bird Flu Outbreak. CHINA – QIAGEN Supports Cervical Cancer Screening for Underprivileged. CHINA – JCI and Peking University Collaborate on Patient Safety and Education in China. CHINA – Scientists Identify Key Drug Target in Bird Flu Virus. CHINA – China Facing Burden from Chronic Diseases. CHINA – Chinese Scientists Discover Achilles' Heel for SARS Virus. CHINA – 18 HFMD Child Fatalities in China. CHINA – Mainland China Reports 838 Infectious Disease Fatalities in February. HONG KONG – Lethal Fungal Contamination in Drug. HONG KONG – Hong Kong Experiences Record High HIV Infection Level. INDIA – Stem Cells Help Save Man's Leg From Amputation. INDIA – Human Trials for Kalaazar Vaccine Soon. INDIA – Stem Cell Banks Expand on Prospects of Healthy Dividend. INDIA – Biotech Rice to be Commercially Available in India by 2012. INDIA – Rising Demand for Herbal Medicines in Jammu Kashmir. INDIA – India, UNESCO to Set up Biotech Centre. INDONESIA – Health Ministry Clears up Vaccine Dispute. JAPAN – Bird Flu Detected in Second Quail Farm in Central Japan. NEW ZEALAND – NZ Med Tech Sector Continues to Thrive. NEW ZEALAND – Aerobics Classes can Cause Hearing Damage. SINGAPORE – Dengue fever is on the rise in Singapore. SINGAPORE – Will New US Policy Stem Talent Flow to Singapore? SINGAPORE – HBOT Now Available at SGH. SINGAPORE – Cancer Society's Colorectal Screenings Helped Save 123 lives. SINGAPORE – National Heart Centre Singapore Unveils New Techniques for Heart Patients. SINGAPORE – NTU Seals Global Partnerships in Environmental Sciences R&D. SINGAPORE – NUH Cancer Center in Major Cancer Drug Trial. SINGAPORE – Need More Trained Doctors? Build New Medical School. VIETNAM – Harmful Bacteria Found in Bottled Water. OTHER REGIONS — EUROPE – Hot Tea Linked to Throat Cancer. USA – New Vaccine Method 'Offers Instant Immunity'.

scholarly journals H5N1 avian influenza virus: human cases reported in southern China

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Crofts ◽  
W J Paget ◽  
F Karcher
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H5n1 Virus ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
H5n1 Avian Influenza

Two cases of confirmed influenza due to the avian influenza A H5N1 virus were reported last week in Hong Kong (1). The cases occurred in a Hong Kong family who had recently visited Fujian province in southern China. The daughter, aged 8 years, died following a respiratory illness. The cause of her death is unknown. The father and son also had respiratory illnesses; the father died and the son recovered. Both were infected with the H5N1 virus. The mother also had a respiratory illness, which is reported to have been unrelated to influenza infection. Investigations are continuing to determine where and how transmission of infection to the cases may have occurred.

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