Related Party Transactions, Value Relevance and Informativeness of Earnings: Evidence from Four Economies in East Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 2050005
Author(s):  
Mohd Mohid Rahmat ◽  
Kamran Ahmed ◽  
Gerald J. Lobo
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Earnings Quality ◽  
Accounting Earnings ◽  
Related Party Transactions ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Negative Effect

We investigate the effect of related party transactions (RPTs) on value relevance and informativeness of accounting earnings for firms based in East Asia. Using a hand-collected sample of 398 listed companies comprising 1194 firm-year observations from Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, we find that firms engaging more extensively in RPTs have significantly lower value relevance and lower informativeness of earnings both in the current year and subsequent year than firms engaging less in RPTs. Furthermore, the results indicate that the types of RPTs affect value relevance and informativeness of earnings differently in that the effect of simple and loans RPTs are more negative than complex transactions. The extent of the negative effect of RPTs is lower in Hong Kong and Singapore where investor protection is higher compared to the other two economies. These findings are robust to controlling for firm-specific attributes, corporate governance, ownership structure, earnings quality, and a variety of sensitivity tests. These results are consistent with the conflict of interest view that RPTs compromise the quality of accounting earnings and this leads to the reduction in earnings and market value relationship for firms that engage in RPTs.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity in earnings quality between different classes of companies after IFRS adoption: evidence from Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (73) ◽  
pp. 113-131
Author(s):  
Roberto Black ◽  
Sílvio Hiroshi Nakao
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Earnings Quality ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Accounting Earnings ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACT This paper aims to investigate the existence of heterogeneity in earnings quality between different classes of companies after the adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). IFRS adoption is generally associated with an increase in the quality of financial statements. However, companies within the same country are likely to have different economic incentives regarding the disclosure of information. Thus, treating companies equally, without considering the related economic incentives, could contaminate earnings quality investigations. The case of Brazil is analyzed, which is a country classified as code-law, in which tax laws determined accounting practice and in which IFRS adoption is mandatory. First, Brazilian companies listed on the São Paulo Stock, Commodities, and Futures Exchange (BM&FBOVESPA) were separated into two classes: companies issuing American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) before IFRS adoption and companies that did not issue ADRs until the adoption of IFRS. Then, this second class of companies was grouped, using cluster analysis, into two different subclasses according to economic incentives. Based on the groups identified, the quality of accounting earnings is tested for each class of the companies before and after IFRS adoption. This paper uses timely recognition of economic events, value relevance of net income, and earnings management as proxies for the quality of accounting earnings. The results indicate that a particular class of companies began showing conditional conservatism, value relevance of net income, and lower earnings management after IFRS adoption. On the other hand, these results were not found for the two other classes of companies.

Do related party transactions affect earnings quality? Evidence from East Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Mohid Rahmat ◽  
Balachandran Muniandy ◽  
Kamran Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Earnings Quality ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Related Party Transactions ◽  
And Performance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of related party transactions (RPTs) and types of RPTs (complex, simple and loan) on earnings quality in four East Asian countries: Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Design/methodology/approach RPTs and types of RPTs are measured using two approaches, magnitude and abnormal (magnitude change). Earnings quality is measured using proxies for accrual earnings management and identified as discretionary accruals (DAC) and performance matched discretional accruals (PMDAC). Findings The results suggest that firms in these countries experience poor earnings quality when they are engaged in RPT. The effect of RPT-simple on earnings quality is more severe than RPT-complex. However, the presence of higher investor protection and stricter enforcement of regulations in countries like Singapore and Hong Kong reduce the negative impact of RPTs on earnings quality. Research limitations/implications The results support the argument that the presence of controlling shareholders in East Asia is likely to lead to engagement with RPTs, which will increase the likelihood of firms’ earnings manipulation via DAC. This study has two limitations. It only focuses on Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, and the results may not be generalizable to other countries. Second, this study only measures the magnitude and abnormal RPTs based on the disclosures available in annual reports. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature by examining the effect of RPTs and types of RPTs on earnings quality in four selected East Asian countries. 

Value Relevance of Earnings Quality: Importance of Corporate Governance, Ownership Structure and Group Affiliations in the Listed Firms of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Earnings Quality ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Business Group ◽  
Group Affiliation ◽  
Business Group Affiliation ◽  
Reported Earnings

This study is an endeavor to answer the question that does corporate governance, ownership pattern and business group affiliation effect value relevance of reported earnings quality in a sample of 300 listed Pakistani firms for the period of 2006-2018. The study uses earnings response coefficient and earning predictability as proxy of reported earnings quality. The panel data analysis shows that CEOduality and director ownership have significant inverse effect on the quality of reported earnings i.e. the two do not contribute towards improvement of quality of reported earnings. Whereas board independence, independence of audit committee and external audit from big4, institutional ownerships have significant direct effect on the quality of reported earnings. Moreover, it is observed that these effects are relatively more prominent in the case of group firms. Furthermore, firm size, earning persistence, growth and leverage have positive association with the quality of reported earnings while beta has significant negative effect on the quality of earnings. Further, it is found that in times of financial crisis, firms improve its reporting quality to uphold confidence of the investors where group firms showed relatively more tending to pursue this practice. This study has several implications for shareholders, prospect investors, external auditors and regulators. This is the first study of its nature that has investigated the role of group affiliation with reported earning quality. Key words: Earnings quality, corporate governance, ownership structure, business group affiliation, ERC.

THE IMPACT OF INSTITUTIONAL OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE ON EARNINGS QUALITY OF LISTED FOOD/BEVERAGES AND TOBACCO FIRMS IN NIGERIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1(1)) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Bukar Amos ◽  
◽  
Garba Ibrahim ◽  
Dr. Mustapha Nasidi ◽  
Karaye Yusuf Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Earnings Quality ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Ownership Structure and Earnings Quality of Listed financial Firms in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladejo Abiodun Oyebamiji
Keyword(s):  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Earnings Quality ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Financial Firms

The study determined the effect of ownership structure on earnings quality of listed financial firms in Nigeria. The study employed secondary data. The study population comprised all the 16 listed financial firms on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Purposive sampling technique was adopted to select top 10 banks whose shares are consistently traded on the stock market. Data for ownership structure and earnings quality were sourced from the audited financial statements of the selected firms and the Nigerian Stock Exchange Factbook over a period of 10 years (2009-2018). Collected data were analyzed using pooled ordinary least square, fixed effect and random effect estimation techniques. The result from the study showed that institutional ownership (t=4.3, p˂0.05) had a positive and statistically significant relationship with earnings quality while ownership concentration (t=- 2.5, p˂0.05) had a negative and significant relationship with earnings quality. The study recommended that the institutional ownership which shows a positive relationship with earnings quality enables improved earnings of the sampled listed banks. More institutional participation should be allowed in the Nigerian listed banks as it was proved that they have the power to monitor the affairs of managers as this will have a positive impact on earnings. Concentration ownership gives mangers incentives to manage earnings to achieve short term opportunistic interest; therefore it should not be encouraged.

Board Characteristics and Muslim Ownership Structure on Value Relevance of Accounting Information: Evidence from Malaysian Shariah Compliant Companies

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Abdelhakhem Hamed Mohamed Ali Adaa ◽  
Mustafa Mohd Hanefah
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Corporate Reporting ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
The Relationship

Corporate reporting is considered important because it provides information to assist internal and external corporate annual report users in making informed decisions. The high quality of financial reporting information is really significant, since employing this information can also lead to an increase in investment efficiency. Owners or shareholders need all necessary financial information for decision making. Nevertheless, even though they own the companies but the management is carried out by a pool of professionals – managers and directors. Thus, the directors set the directions and policies for the management team to run the company’s daily affairs. The separation between ownership and managers in firms leads to the agency problem between them. This study looks into the relationship between corporate governance characteristics (the size of the board of directors, the number of Shariah background directors, number of Muslim female in board, Muslim ownership structure) and value relevance of accounting information. Findings show a positive association between board size and value relevance of accounting information in Malaysian Shariah-compliant firms. However, there is not enough evidence to prove Shariah background members on board can enhance the value relevance of accounting information. Regarding the relationship between the presence of Muslim female directors in the board and the value relevance of accounting information, the results reveal insignificant relationship. The findings also indicate that companies with large Muslim ownership are negatively significant for value relevance of accounting information.

scholarly journals PERSISTENCE, VALUE RELEVANCE, AND ACCRUALS QUALITY IN EXTREME EARNINGS AND CASH FLOW SITUATIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUISA TOMI YANAGUIBASHI LEAL ◽  
LUIZ FELIPE DE ARAÚJO PONTES GIRÃO ◽  
WENNER GLAUCIO LOPES LUCENA ◽  
VINÍCIUS GOMES MARTINS
Keyword(s):  
Information Quality ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Accruals Quality ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Purpose: To analyze the impact of extreme earnings and cash flows on the persistence, value relevance, and accruals quality of Brazilian public firms. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: The present study contributes to the literature by analyzing extreme earnings and cash flows. Because they change the results of the period in which they occur in an unusual manner, this study suggests that studying their behaviors and impacts on the quality of the information disclosed by companies tends to contribute to optimal decision making in the capital market. Key methodological aspects: The analyzed sample comprised non-financial public companies traded on the BM&FBovespa stock exchange from 2005 to 2014, with estimates made using quantile regression. Summary of key results: The main results indicate that cash flows are more persistent than earnings because the accruals component of the latter makes them less persistent. Extreme values of both earnings and cash flows affect the persistence of these variables, with a strong and negative effect on cash flows. Finally, extreme values of accruals negatively affect accruals quality because, compared to moderate quantiles, they significantly alter the standard deviation of extreme quantiles. Key considerations/conclusions: The presence of extreme values in this study's focus variables negatively influenced market information quality, reducing its predictive power and, consequently, its relevance. Furthermore, controlling for extreme values, it was possible to observe the incremental information content of these two metrics.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL, PROPORSI KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN TERHADAP KUALITAS LABA

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedi Riswandi
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Earnings Quality ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Independent Directors ◽  
Managerial Ownership ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Accounting Earnings Management ◽  
Positive Effect

Pedi Riswandi; Ownership structure is very important because it is closely related to the operational control of the company . From the point of view of the theory of accounting , earnings management is determined by the motivation of the company manager . Different motivations will result in a different amount of earnings management , such as the manager who also shareholders of the company with a manager who is not a shareholder and board composition also plays an important role in control of what is done by the executive This study aimed to determine the effect of managerial ownership on earnings quality and the proportion of independent directors on the quality of earnings. The research sample using companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2009-2011. "The technique of purposive sampling method. " These results indicate that managerial ownership has a negative effect on the quality of earnings , proportion of independent directors has a positive effect on the quality of earnings. Key words:Managerial ownership, Proportion Independent Commissioner , Earnings Quality

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