scholarly journals EFFECTS OF CORE STABILIZATION EXERCISE ON MUSCLE ACTIVITY DURING HORIZONTAL SHOULDER ADDUCTION WITH LOADS IN HEALTHY ADULTS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 2140049
Author(s):  
CHANHEE PARK ◽  
SAMWON YOON ◽  
HYUNSIK YOON ◽  
KYOUNGTAE KIM ◽  
YOUNGJOO CHA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Spinal Stabilization ◽  
Stabilization Exercise ◽  
Core Stabilization ◽  
Upper Trapezius

The importance of core stabilization exercises for extremities associated with dynamic spinal stabilization prior to movement has been demonstrated. However, no previous studies have investigated the muscle-coordinated effects on the upper trapezius (UT), anterior deltoid (AD), pectoralis major (PM), bilateral transverse abdominis (TrA), bilateral internal oblique (IO), and bilateral external oblique (EO) in healthy adults. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of the dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) breathing technique and the abdominal bracing (AB) technique on UT, AD, PM, bilateral IO/TrA, and bilateral EO motor control in healthy participants during horizontal shoulder adduction. Thirty-six participants, eight of whom were female, were randomized into an AB and a DNS group and performed horizontal shoulder adduction with loads (8 and 17 lb). The clinical outcomes were UT, AD, and PM muscle activation and TrA/IO and EO muscle activation. Paired t-tests were used to analyze electromyography (EMG) data to determine statistically significant differences in muscle activity between the two techniques. For the EMG analysis, the maximal voluntary isometric contraction was measured for normalization and then divided by the EMG amplitude value. The results showed that UT, AD, and PM muscle amplitudes were lower and TrA/IO and EO muscle amplitudes were higher with DNS than with AB ([Formula: see text]). Our findings provide clinical evidence that core exercise with DNS is more effective in lessening UT, AD, and PM muscle activation and improving bilateral TrA/IO motor control than with AB.

scholarly journals The Effects of Core Stabilization Exercise with the Abdominal Drawing-in Maneuver Technique versus General Strengthening Exercise on Lumbar Segmental Motion in Patients with Clinical Lumbar Instability: A Randomized Controlled Trial with 12-Month Follow-Up

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7811
Author(s):  
Rungthip Puntumetakul ◽  
Pongsatorn Saiklang ◽  
Weerasak Tapanya ◽  
Thiwaphon Chatprem ◽  
Jaturat Kanpittaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Segmental Motion ◽  
Lumbar Instability ◽  
Stabilization Exercise ◽  
Core Stabilization ◽  
Core Stabilization Exercise

Trunk stability exercises that focus on either deep or superficial muscles might produce different effects on lumbar segmental motion. This study compared outcomes in 34 lumbar instability patients in two exercises at 10 weeks and 12 months follow up. Participants were divided into either Core stabilization (deep) exercise, incorporating abdominal drawing-in maneuver technique (CSE with ADIM), or General strengthening (superficial) exercise (STE). Outcome measures were pain, muscle activation, and lumbar segmental motion. Participants in CSE with ADIM had significantly less pain than those in STE at 10 weeks. They showed significantly more improvement of abdominal muscle activity ratio than participants in STE at 10 weeks and 12 months follow-up. Participants in CSE with ADIM had significantly reduced sagittal translation at L4-L5 and L5-S1 compared with STE at 10 weeks. Participants in CSE with ADIM had significantly reduced sagittal translations at L4-L5 and L5-S1 compared with participants in STE at 10 weeks, whereas STE demonstrated significantly increased sagittal rotation at L4-L5. However, at 12 months follow-up, levels of lumbar sagittal translation were increased in both groups. CSE with ADIM which focuses on increasing deep trunk muscle activity can reduce lumbar segmental translation and should be recommended for lumbar instability.

scholarly journals Effects of Core Stabilization Exercise versus General Trunk-Strengthening Exercise on Balance Performance, Pain Intensity and Trunk Muscle Activity Patterns in Clinical Lumbar Instability Patients: A Single Blind Randomized Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rungthip PUNTUMETAKUL ◽  
Pongsatorn SAIKLANG ◽  
Wantanee YODCHAISARN ◽  
Torkamol HUNSAWONG ◽  
Janyawat RUANGSRI
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Trunk Muscle ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Stabilization Exercise ◽  
Core Stabilization ◽  
Core Stabilization Exercise

Postural balance is important for activities of daily living. Patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) exhibit balance problems, such as difficulty performing daily activities. Specifically, CLBP patients with clinical lumbar instability (CLI) have demonstrated deep trunk muscular dysfunction that induces poor postural control and may result in a high risk of falling. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 10-week core stabilization exercise (CSE) regimen versus a strengthening trunk exercise (STE) regimen and conduct a 3-month follow-up on balance, pain, and trunk muscle activity patterns in CLI patients. A single-blind randomized controlled trial was used to compare the effects of CSE and STE on balance, pain, and trunk muscle activity patterns in 38 CLBP patients with CLI. The results of the 5-times-sit-to-stand test (FTSST) and pain intensity revealed significant improvements in both groups after ten weeks of exercise and at the 3-month follow-up point. However, the differences in the FTSST scores and pain intensity between the CSE and STE patients were not significant. Moreover, the CSE group presented significantly greater deep abdominal muscle activation than the STE group after ten weeks of exercise. In addition, both groups exhibited a trend of improvement in terms of deep back muscle activation. Therefore, the current study results suggest that both exercise regimens can improve balance performance and pain intensity. Moreover, the CSE group showed more significant improvements in deep abdominal muscle activation than the STE group.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Sleep, Neck Muscle Activity, and Pain in Cervical Dystonia

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Lobbezoo ◽  
Marc Thu Thon ◽  
Guy Rémillard ◽  
Jacques Y. Montplaisir ◽  
Gilles J. Lavigne
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Cervical Dystonia ◽  
Nrem Sleep ◽  
Spinal Pain ◽  
Spasmodic Torticollis ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Neck Muscle ◽  
Upper Trapezius ◽  
Before And After

AbstractObjective: The interactions between sleep, neck muscle activity, and cervical spinal pain were examined in a controlled study with nine patients suffering from idiopathic cervical dystonia (ICD; also referred to as spasmodic torticollis), and nine gender- and age-matched controls. Methods: From each participant, two all-night polysomnograms with additional electromyographic recordings from the sternocleidomastoid and upper trapezius muscles were obtained. The first night was for habituation to the laboratory environment; the second night for experimental data collection. Visual analogue scales were used to collect intensity and unpleasantness ratings of cervical spinal pain before and after the second sleep recording. Results: None of the standard sleep variables showed statistically significant differences between average values of both groups of participants. However, a significantly larger variance in sleep latency was obtained for the ICD patients. In general, abnormal cervical muscle activity decreased immediately when lying down without the intention to go to sleep. Subsequently, abnormal muscle contractions were gradually abolished in all ICD patients during the transition from relaxed wakefulness to light NREM sleep. Following this transition phase, no more abnormal EMG activity was found in any of our patients. Finally, cervical spinal pain intensity and unpleasantness were reduced by about 50% overnight. Conclusions: Both supine position and sleep can be associated with an improvement of symptoms of ICD, and this disorder does not induce any sleep perturbations.

Evaluation of an adjustable support shoulder exoskeleton on static and dynamic overhead tasks

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 804-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Logan Van Engelhoven ◽  
Nathan Poon ◽  
Homayoon Kazerooni ◽  
Alan Barr ◽  
David Rempel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Human Engineering ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Flexor Muscle ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Upper Trapezius ◽  
Shoulder Complex

Introduction: Overhead tasks increase the risk of work related musculoskeletal disorders to industrial workers. A shoulder supporting exoskeleton with adjustable and angle dependent torque (referred to as shoulderX in this paper for brevity) was designed and built at the University of California Berkeley Human Engineering and Robotics Laboratory for workers performing overhead tasks. shoulderX was designed specifically to reduce the exposure to large muscle exertion forces on the shoulder complex from overhead work. Methods: We evaluated shoulderX by measuring the muscle activation of the upper trapezius (UT), anterior deltoid (AD), triceps long head (TR), and infraspinatus (IF) during static and dynamic overhead tasks. Thirteen male subjects with experience in the construction or manufacturing industries were recruited to perform overhead tasks using light (.45 kg) and heavy (2.25 kg) weight tools with four exoskeleton support levels (0, 8.5, 13.0, 20.0 Nm peak torque). Results: During all conditions, the wearer’s shoulder flexor muscle activity of UT, AD were reduced with increasing strength of shoulderX by up to 80%. Subjects unanimously preferred the use of shoulderX over the unassisted condition for all task types (static and dynamic overhead tasks) and tool weights (.45 kg and 2.25 kg). Conclusion: shoulderX reduces the wearer’s primary muscle activity in overhead static and dynamic work and results in a more desirable and balanced pattern of shoulder complex activation. This investigation indicates that shoulderX reduces the risk of work related shoulder injuries during overhead tasks.

Tonic-to-phasic shift of lumbo-pelvic muscle activity during 8 weeks of bed rest and 6-months follow up

2007 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Belavý ◽  
Carolyn A. Richardson ◽  
Stephen J. Wilson ◽  
Dieter Felsenberg ◽  
Jörn Rittweger
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Movement Model ◽  
Musculoskeletal Function

Prior motor control studies in unloading have shown a tonic-to-phasic shift in muscle activation, particularly in the short extensors. Tonic muscle activity is considered critical for normal musculoskeletal function. The shift from tonic-to-phasic muscle activity has not been systematically studied in humans in unloading nor at the lumbo-pelvic (LP) region. Ten healthy young male subjects underwent 8 wk of bed rest with 6-mo follow up as part of the “Berlin Bed-Rest Study.” A repetitive knee movement model performed in the prone position is used to stimulate tonic holding LP muscle activity, as measured by superficial EMG. Tonic and phasic activation patterns were quantified by relative height of burst vs. baseline electromyographic linear-envelope signal components. Statistical analysis shows a shift toward greater phasic activity during bed rest and follow up ( P < 0.001) with a significant interaction across muscles ( P < 0.001) specifically affecting the short lumbar extensors. These changes appear unrelated to skill acquisition over time ( P all ≥0.196). This change of a shift from tonic LP muscle activation to phasic is in line with prior research on the effects of reduced weight bearing on motor control.

Effects of Kinesiology Taping on Scapular Reposition Accuracy, Kinematics, and Muscle Activity in Athletes With Shoulder Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 560-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Fen Shih ◽  
Ya-Fang Lee ◽  
Wen-Yin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position Sense ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Shoulder Impingement ◽  
Scapular Kinematics ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Upper Trapezius ◽  
Posterior Tilt ◽  
Lower Trapezius

Context:Scapular proprioception is a key concern in managing shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS). However, no study has examined the effect of elastic taping on scapular proprioception performance.Objective:To investigate the immediate effect of kinesiology taping (KT) on scapular reposition accuracy, kinematics, and muscle activation in individuals with SIS.Design:Randomized controlled study.Setting:Musculoskeletal laboratory, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan.Participants:Thirty overhead athletes with SIS.Interventions:KT or placebo taping over the upper and lower trapezius muscles.Main Outcome Measures:The primary outcome measures were scapular joint position sense, measured as the reposition errors, in the direction of scapular elevation and protraction. The secondary outcomes were scapular kinematics and muscle activity of the upper trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior during arm elevation in the scapular plane (scaption).Results:Compared with placebo taping, KT significantly decreased the reposition errors of upward/downward rotation (P = .04) and anterior/posterior tilt (P = .04) during scapular protraction. KT also improved scapular kinematics (significant group by taping effect for posterior tilt,P = .03) during scaption. Kinesiology and placebo tapings had a similar effect on upper trapezius muscle activation (significant taping effect,P = .003) during scaption.Conclusions:Our study identified the positive effects of KT on scapular joint position sense and movement control. Future studies with a longer period of follow-up and clinical measurement might help to clarify the clinical effect and mechanisms of elastic taping in individuals with SIS.

Analysis of neck and back muscle activity during the application of various pillow designs in patients with forward head posture

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Sirirat Kiatkulanusorn ◽  
Bhornluck Paepetch Suato ◽  
Phurichaya Werasirirat
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Trapezius Muscle ◽  
Back Muscle ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Sleeping Position ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Upper Trapezius ◽  
Activation Response ◽  
Lower Trapezius

BACKGROUND: There are currently no reports of biomechanical changes in patients with forward head posture (FHP) that result in altered muscle activation throughout various functions with muscle activation response during diverse sleep postures. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated neck and back muscle activity in individuals with and without FHP during a maintained side-sleeping position by incorporating various pillow designs. METHODS: Thirty-four participants (i.e. 17 in each group) were enrolled. The muscle activity was investigated via surface electromyography during the use of three trial pillows: orthopedic pillow, hollow pillow, and Thai neck support pillow. RESULTS: With the application of all three trial pillows the FHP group demonstrated significantly greater lower trapezius muscle activity than the normal head posture group (p< 0.05). Sternocleidomastoid and upper trapezius (UT) muscle activity were similar between the two groups (p> 0.05). Only UT muscle activity was affected by variations in pillow design. In the normal group no difference was observed in the muscle activity between all three pillows (p> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Feasibly, the ability to appropriately modify a pillow configuration without creating undesired muscle activation was limited to those exhibiting FHP. Therefore, specially designed pillows or mattresses should be investigated in terms of their relevance to muscle fatigue and potential musculoskeletal pain in FHP patients.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Trunk Muscle Activation and Core Stability: A Biomechanical Analysis of Pilates-Based Stabilization Exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12804
Author(s):  
Kyeongjin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Stabilization Exercise ◽  
The Core ◽  
3D Motion Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Pilates is an effective exercise method for rehabilitating musculoskeletal disorders as its principles are based on the activation of local muscles. This study aimed to compare the subjects with and without Pilates experience to find out the effect of the experience on the core muscle activity and muscle co-contraction, and to examine the relationship between the core muscle activation level and the kinematic data. This study involved 32 subjects, including 16 experienced Pilates practitioners and 16 non-experienced subjects. The knee stretch on the reformer was performed in three different positions: flat back with a neutral pelvis, round back with posteriorly tilted pelvis (RPP), and extended back anteriorly tilted pelvis (EAP). The electromyography of the internal oblique (IO), rectus abdominis (RA), multifidus (MU), and iliocostalis lumborum (IL) muscles were measured, as well as kinematic data from a 3D motion analysis system. Compared to the non-experienced subjects, the experienced subjects activated the IO muscles more than the RA muscles, and the most significant difference was seen in the RPP position (p < 0.05). The experienced patients activated the MU muscles more often than the IL muscles, with the most significant difference observed in the RPP position and the least significant in the EAP position (p < 0.05). All kinematic data and muscle activity (IO, IO/RA ratio, MU/IL ratio) showed significant differences between the experienced and non-experienced subjects (p < 0.05). The subjects presented a moderate correlation between muscle activation and core stability. It was confirmed that the experienced Pilates practitioners activated the abdominal and low back core muscles effectively, and the stability of the pelvis and trunk were better than that of the non-experienced participants. In addition, the better the trunk stability was maintained, the larger and more accurate movement of the mobility segment was observed.

Effects of Gravity on Velopharyngeal Muscle Activity during Speech

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerald B. Moon ◽  
John W. Canady
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Body Postures ◽  
Levator Veli Palatini ◽  
Gravity Effects ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function

Assessment of the role of gravitational forces in the motor control of the velopharyngeal mechanism was the focus of this study. Specifically, the effect of gravity on activation levels of the levator veli palatini and palatoglossus muscles was assessed. Nineteen volunteers repeated a CV syllable in upright and supine body positions. Overall, lower peak activation levels of levator veli palatini were observed in the supine body position. The results suggest that less muscle activity was seen in the levator veli palatini in the supine body posture, where gravitational effects worked in the same direction (i.e., toward closure). No statistically significant group effects were seen in muscle activation levels of palatoglossus across the two body postures, although clear gravity effects were observed in some subjects. The implications of these findings from a speech motor control perspective are discussed in relation to normal and disordered velopharyngeal function.

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