scholarly journals Raman spectroscopy as a promising noninvasive tool in brain cancer detection

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (05) ◽  
pp. 1730012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyush Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Brain Tumor Surgery ◽  
Noninvasive Technique ◽  
Therapy Regimen ◽  
Promising Tool

Despite intensive therapy regimen, brain cancers present with a poor prognosis, with an estimated median survival time of less than 15 months in case of glioblastoma. Early detection and improved surgical resections are suggested to enhance prognosis; several tools are being explored to achieve the purpose. Raman spectroscopy (RS), a nondestructive and noninvasive technique, has been extensively explored in brain cancers. This review summarizes RS-based studies in brain cancers, categorized into studies on animal models, ex vivo human samples, and in vivo human subjects. Findings suggest RS as a promising tool which can aid in improving the accuracy of brain tumor surgery. Further advancements in instrumentation, market-assessment, and clinical trials can facilitate translation of the technology as a noninvasive intraoperative guidance tool.

scholarly journals Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopy for Analysis of Connective Tissues

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 922
Author(s):  
William Querido ◽  
Shital Kandel ◽  
Nancy Pleshko
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Composition And Structure

Advances in vibrational spectroscopy have propelled new insights into the molecular composition and structure of biological tissues. In this review, we discuss common modalities and techniques of vibrational spectroscopy, and present key examples to illustrate how they have been applied to enrich the assessment of connective tissues. In particular, we focus on applications of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), near infrared (NIR) and Raman spectroscopy to assess cartilage and bone properties. We present strengths and limitations of each approach and discuss how the combination of spectrometers with microscopes (hyperspectral imaging) and fiber optic probes have greatly advanced their biomedical applications. We show how these modalities may be used to evaluate virtually any type of sample (ex vivo, in situ or in vivo) and how “spectral fingerprints” can be interpreted to quantify outcomes related to tissue composition and quality. We highlight the unparalleled advantage of vibrational spectroscopy as a label-free and often nondestructive approach to assess properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) associated with normal, developing, aging, pathological and treated tissues. We believe this review will assist readers not only in better understanding applications of FTIR, NIR and Raman spectroscopy, but also in implementing these approaches for their own research projects.

scholarly journals Ratiometric analysis using Raman spectroscopy as a powerful predictor of structural properties of fatty acids

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 181483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Jamieson ◽  
Angela Li ◽  
Karen Faulds ◽  
Duncan Graham
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Biological Sample ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Starting Point

Raman spectroscopy has been used extensively for the analysis of biological samples in vitro , ex vivo and in vivo . While important progress has been made towards using this analytical technique in clinical applications, there is a limit to how much chemically specific information can be extracted from a spectrum of a biological sample, which consists of multiple overlapping peaks from a large number of species in any particular sample. In an attempt to elucidate more specific information regarding individual biochemical species, as opposed to very broad assignments by species class, we propose a bottom-up approach beginning with a detailed analysis of pure biochemical components. Here, we demonstrate a simple ratiometric approach applied to fatty acids, a subsection of the lipid class, to allow the key structural features, in particular degree of saturation and chain length, to be predicted. This is proposed as a starting point for allowing more chemically and species-specific information to be elucidated from the highly multiplexed spectrum of multiple overlapping signals found in a real biological sample. The power of simple ratiometric analysis is also demonstrated by comparing the prediction of degree of unsaturation in food oil samples using ratiometric and multivariate analysis techniques which could be used for food oil authentication.

Real-time In Vivo Tissue Raman Spectroscopy for Early Cancer Detection

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haishan Zeng ◽  
Jianhua Zhao ◽  
Michael A. Short ◽  
David I. McLean ◽  
Stephen Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Early Cancer ◽  
Early Cancer Detection

Near Infrared Raman Spectroscopy for Cancer Detection in vivo

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Mahadevan-Jansen ◽  
Amy Robichaux ◽  
Chad Lieber ◽  
Heidi Shappell ◽  
Darryl Ellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Near Infrared

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Carriage of Group A Streptococcus Is Associated with Elimination of Capsule Production

2014 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 3958-3967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony R. Flores ◽  
Brittany E. Jewell ◽  
Randall J. Olsen ◽  
Samuel A. Shelburne ◽  
Nahuel Fittipaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Full Genome Sequencing ◽  
Isogenic Strain ◽  
Capsule Production ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Group A

ABSTRACTHumans commonly carry pathogenic bacteria asymptomatically, but despite decades of study, the underlying molecular contributors remain poorly understood. Here, we show that a group A streptococcus carriage strain contains a frameshift mutation in thehasAgene resulting in loss of hyaluronic acid capsule biosynthesis. This mutation was repaired by allelic replacement, resulting in restoration of capsule production in the isogenic derivative strain. The “repaired” isogenic strain was significantly more virulent than the carriage strain in a mouse model of necrotizing fasciitis and had enhanced growthex vivoin human blood. Importantly, the repaired isogenic strain colonized the mouse oropharynx with significantly greater bacterial burden and had significantly reduced ability to internalize into cultured epithelial cells than the acapsular carriage strain. We conducted full-genome sequencing of 81 strains cultured serially from 19 epidemiologically unrelated human subjects and discovered the common theme that mutations negatively affecting capsule biosynthesis arisein vivoin thehasoperon. The significantly decreased capsule production is a key factor contributing to the molecular détente between pathogen and host. Our discoveries suggest a general model for bacterial pathogens in which mutations that downregulate or ablate virulence factor production contribute to carriage.

Assessment of ex-vivo and in-vivo near-infrared Raman spectroscopy for the classification of dysplasia within Barrett's esophagus

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin G. Shim ◽  
Louis-Michel Wong Kee Song ◽  
Norman E. Marcon ◽  
Shirley Hassaram ◽  
Brian C. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Barrett’S Esophagus ◽  
Barrett's Esophagus ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ex Vivo
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