Stable isotope and biotic evolution in the North Sea during the early Eocene: the Albæk Hoved section, Denmark

1996 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Schmitz ◽  
C. Heilmann-Clausen ◽  
C. King ◽  
E. Steurbaut ◽  
F. P. Andreasson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

scholarly journals Investigating post-breeding moult locations and diets of Common Guillemots (Uria aalge) in the North Sea using stable isotope analyses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alec P. Christie
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Uria Aalge ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Stable Isotope Analyses ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Isotope Analyses

AbstractSeabird movements and diet during the non-breeding season are poorly studied, yet understanding these aspects of seabird ecology is extremely important to effectively conserve these protected species. Stable isotope analyses (SIA) provide a cost-effective solution to filling these knowledge gaps, yielding information on diet and foraging locations of animals. This study aimed to use SIA to investigate whether Common Guillemots (Uria aalge) from different age classes and locations in the UK had contrasting diets and foraging areas during the post-breeding moult (July-September). SIA of secondary feathers and a newly-developed North Sea isoscape were used to identify the likeliest foraging areas and diets of deceased guillemots recovered from beaches in eastern Scotland and mixed fisheries in Cornwall and the Celtic Sea. Overall, guillemots foraged widely in the western, eastern and southern North Sea, consuming a variety of clupeid, gadoid and invertebrate prey. There were negligible dietary differences between age classes and birds from different recovery locations. Juveniles showed a wider range in foraging areas, but both age classes foraged in similar parts of the North Sea. Guillemots recovered from Scotland may have foraged further north, only overlapping with guillemots recovered from the southwestern UK in the southern and eastern North Sea. Their winter recovery locations also implied that they exhibited different movement strategies during the non-breeding season, meriting further investigation. Conservation efforts should target foraging areas in the southern and eastern North Sea which are highly threatened by gillnet fishing, shipping traffic and oil infrastructure.

scholarly journals New Paleocene bird fossils from the North Sea Basin in Belgium and France

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald MAYR ◽  
Thierry SMITH
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Fossil Assemblage ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Dispersal Events ◽  
Early Cenozoic

We describe new avian remains from Paleocene localities of Belgium and France. Four bones from the early to middle Selandian of Maret (Belgium) are among the earliest Cenozoic avian remains known from Europe and include the oldest temporally well constrained European records of the Gastornithidae, as well as tentative records of the palaeognathous Lithornithidae and the Ralloidea. A more comprehensive fossil assemblage from the middle Thanetian of Templeuve (France) contains multiple bones of the Lithornithidae as well as a record of the Pelagornithidae. Specimens from the latest Thanetian of Rivecourt-Petit Pâtis (France) are tentatively assigned to the Ralloidea and Leptosomiformes (cf. Plesiocathartes). Because of the fragmentary nature of the fossils, the taxonomic identity of a number of other specimens remains uncertain. We note, however, that Paleocene avifaunas of Europe and North America appear to have had different compositions and only a few taxa, such as the palaeognathous Lithornithidae, are known from both continents. This suggests that the very similar early Eocene avifaunas of Europe and North America are the result of early Cenozoic dispersal events.

scholarly journals Eocene tarpons from the North Sea region, Denmark and UK

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. C. Leal ◽  
Bo P. Schultz ◽  
Henrik Madsen ◽  
Chiara Villa ◽  
Niels Lynnerup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Biological Anthropology ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
The North ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
London Clay ◽  
Cretaceous Period

There are very few tarpons (family Megalopidae) and other elopiforms (fam. Elopidae) recorded in the Tertiary. The records are mainly from the Eocene, and more abundant in the ‘North Sea Region’ in Early Eocene, as for instance the large Danish forms. They are also found in late Early Eocene in London Clay, in Late Eocene in Caucasia, and in Miocene of SE-Asia, although none were described from the famous Bolca fauna (early Mid Eocene). However, there is a large, still undescribed ‘tarpon-like’ fish in the Bolca Museum (obs. MECL & NB 2014). There are even fewer described from the long Cretaceous period, 4-5? genera, including the large Paraelops from Romualdo Formation, Araripe Basin, NE-Brazil, and a large undescribed megalopid from Tlayua, Pueblo, Mexico, both ‘Mid Cretaceous’. The oldest elopiforms are from Late Jurassic Solnhofen Limestone. The large Danish ‘tarpons’ come from ‘cementstones’ in Fur Formation (earliest Eocene, ca. 55 m.y.), and here we report an almost complete specimen which is ca. 110 cm long; however, big isolated scales found in this formation indicate fishes at least twice as big (comparable in size with the living Tarpon atlanticus - over 2½ m). This specimen has a heavy skull lacking the lower jaw, and is preserved in 3-D. It was split in the midline and acid prepared, being then CT-scanned in Aarhus and reconstructed in the Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, Copenhagen University to attempt precise, detailed comparisons with modern skulls and with the 3-D skulls preserved in concretions from the London Clay.

scholarly journals Eocene tarpons from the North Sea region, Denmark and UK

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. C. Leal ◽  
Bo P. Schultz ◽  
Henrik Madsen ◽  
Chiara Villa ◽  
Niels Lynnerup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Biological Anthropology ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
The North ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
London Clay ◽  
Cretaceous Period

There are very few tarpons (family Megalopidae) and other elopiforms (fam. Elopidae) recorded in the Tertiary. The records are mainly from the Eocene, and more abundant in the ‘North Sea Region’ in Early Eocene, as for instance the large Danish forms. They are also found in late Early Eocene in London Clay, in Late Eocene in Caucasia, and in Miocene of SE-Asia, although none were described from the famous Bolca fauna (early Mid Eocene). However, there is a large, still undescribed ‘tarpon-like’ fish in the Bolca Museum (obs. MECL & NB 2014). There are even fewer described from the long Cretaceous period, 4-5? genera, including the large Paraelops from Romualdo Formation, Araripe Basin, NE-Brazil, and a large undescribed megalopid from Tlayua, Pueblo, Mexico, both ‘Mid Cretaceous’. The oldest elopiforms are from Late Jurassic Solnhofen Limestone. The large Danish ‘tarpons’ come from ‘cementstones’ in Fur Formation (earliest Eocene, ca. 55 m.y.), and here we report an almost complete specimen which is ca. 110 cm long; however, big isolated scales found in this formation indicate fishes at least twice as big (comparable in size with the living Tarpon atlanticus - over 2½ m). This specimen has a heavy skull lacking the lower jaw, and is preserved in 3-D. It was split in the midline and acid prepared, being then CT-scanned in Aarhus and reconstructed in the Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, Copenhagen University to attempt precise, detailed comparisons with modern skulls and with the 3-D skulls preserved in concretions from the London Clay.

scholarly journals Dietary and seasonal variability in trophic relations at the base of the North Sea pelagic food web revealed by stable isotope and fatty acid analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherina L. Schoo ◽  
Maarten Boersma ◽  
Arne M. Malzahn ◽  
Martin G.J. Löder ◽  
Karen H. Wiltshire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Food Web ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Trophic Relations ◽  
The North ◽  
Pelagic Food Web ◽  
The North Sea

Astronomical calibration of a key Early Eocene Boreal section: implications for the climate response to the North Atlantic Igneous Province

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Thibault ◽  
Thierry Adatte ◽  
Jorge E. Spangenberg
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
North Sea ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
The North ◽  
Igneous Province ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Igneous Province

<p>Sections of the Fur formation exposed on the islands of Fur and Mors (N. Jutland, Denmark) expose well-preserved diatomites and over 140 interbedded ash layers spanning >1 Myr of the Early Eocene from the top part of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM; 55.9 Ma). The Fur Formation is a Konzentrat-Lagerstätten with an extremely rich fish fauna as well as numerous exquisitely preserved invertebrates, vertebrates, plant material, and siliceous microfossils. Due to its peculiar bentonite record, the Fur formation also constitutes a reference for the North Sea area, recording phases of active North Atlantic Igneous Province (NAIP) volcanism. Recently, a sea-surface temperature (SST) record was derived from Tex<sub>86</sub> values for this formation, showing anomalously cool SSTs immediately after the PETM (~11–23°C, Stokke et al., 2020) while near-freezing bottom-water temperatures (BWTs) have been inferred from clumped isotopes analysis of giant glendonite crystals (Vickers et al., 2020). The section is constrained by three radiometric dates of ash layers but cyclostratigraphic analysis of the section has proved difficult due to the apparent homogeneity of the diatomite and multitude of interbedded ash layers. We performed a high-resolution analysis of the magnetic susceptibility and carbon isotopes on bulk organics (δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>org</sub>) from across the top PETM to the top of the Silstrup Mb. The magnetic susceptibility depicts all the apparent ash layers as well as additional hidden ash layers with peaks of various heights, and thus constitutes an excellent stratigraphic tool for its potential of correlation to other sections and deep-sea sites of the North Atlantic. Our δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>org </sub>record is characterized throughout by periodicities of 65 to 90 cm and 3.6 m that match well precession and short-eccentricity cycles. Long-term trends and filtered 100 kyr cycles from our record correlate very well to the recent benthic δ<sup>13</sup>C Cenozoic compilation, leading to an astronomical calibration of the section which spans ~1300 kyr from 55.88 to 54.6 Ma. Our calibration allows for a precise illustration of the drastic contrast between the post-PETM warm tropical SSTs/BWTs and the surprisingly cool SSTs/BWTs of the North Sea.</p><p>References</p><p>Stokke, E.W., et al., 2020, Earth and Planetary Science Letters 544, 116388.</p><p>Vickers, M.L., et al., 2020, Nature Communications 11, 4713.</p>

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