scholarly journals Antecedents of Personality Disorder in Childhood and Adolescence: Toward an Integrative Developmental Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 449-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip De Fruyt ◽  
Barbara De Clercq
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence

Childhood antecedents of personality disorder: An alternative perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Widiger ◽  
Barbara De Clercq ◽  
Filip De Fruyt
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Personality Structure ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Childhood Antecedents

AbstractOne of the fundamental limitations of theDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition, Text Revision(DSM-IV-TR) categorical model of personality disorder classification has been the lack of a strong scientific foundation, including an understanding of childhood antecedents. TheDSM-IV-TRpersonality disorders, however, do appear to be well understood as maladaptive variants of the domains and facets of the general personality structure as conceptualized within the five-factor model (FFM). Integrating the classification of personality disorder with the FFM brings to an understanding of the personality disorders a considerable body of scientific research on childhood antecedents. The temperaments and traits of childhood do appear to be antecedent to the FFM of adult personality structure, and these temperament and traits of childhood and adolescence are the likely antecedents for adult personality disorder, providing further support for the conceptualization of the adult personality disorders as maladaptive variants of the domains and facets of the FFM. Conceptualizing personality disorders in terms of the FFM thereby provides a basis for integrating the classification of abnormal and normal personality functioning across the life span.

The Neurobiology of Attachment and Mentalizing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Luyten ◽  
Peter Fonagy
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Stress Regulation ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter addresses the neurobiology of attachment and mentalizing from a developmental psychopathology perspective. It defines attachment, considers its key role in the modulation of the stress response, and describes the general neurobiological process by which this occurs. The chapter then considers the neurobiology of attachment and proceeds to discuss the neurobiological underpinning of mentalizing in relation to attachment and stress regulation. It also focuses on the early development of both capacities in relation to stress regulation and discusses the relationship to the development of psychopathology and personality disorder in particular across the lifespan, with a focus on early childhood and adolescence.

scholarly journals Validity, utility and acceptability of borderline personality disorder diagnosis in childhood and adolescence: survey of psychiatrists

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Empirical Validity

Aims and methodTo establish the views of child and adolescent psychiatrists (n = 52) regarding the conceptual and empirical validity, clinical utility and acceptability of the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder in child and adolescent populations. A questionnaire survey was carried out.ResultsThe child and adolescent psychiatrists' perception of the validity of borderline personality disorder for adult populations was relatively high (82% felt it to be valid). Significantly fewer of those considered borderline personality disorder to be valid for adolescent populations (37%). Strikingly different results were obtained when the questions related to child (<12 years) populations (2%).Clinical implicationsGiven the views expressed by these consultant child and adolescent psychiatrists, it would seem appropriate to approach with caution suggestions that the borderline personality disorder category should have extended use with adolescent and child populations.

Age and clinical presentation of patients at onset of borderline personality disorder in a mental health unit

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1017-1017
Author(s):  
J.M. Garcia Tellez ◽  
L. Gonzalez Saavedra ◽  
J.M. Sanchez-Moyano Lea
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Main Complaint ◽  
Over Time

OjectiveBorderline Personality disorder is a well recognised syndrome. These patients show a clear emotional unstability, lack of control impulse, unpredictible auto and heteroaggresive behaviour, poor interpersonal realitionships and self image as well as brief psychotic episodes.The unspecific symtomatology and diagnostic difficulty derived from different nosographic frames makes their diagnosis and treatment a challenge. Through the analysis of their medical records we aim to know the age they sought specialized help, the symptomatology at first consultation, the treatment given and the outcome after years of therapy.MethodologySystematic review of all BPD patient's medical records treated in our Unit with a particular reference to age and symptoms at the start of treatment and at present. Medical records from the Childhood and Adolescence Psychiatric Unit were also reviewed to determine the most prominent symptoms at that time.ResultsWe found that the vast majority of cases contacted the psychiatric services in their adolescence and early adulthood, probably in relation to demands of daily life at that age. The most relevant symptoms at onset of illness were depressive mood and anxiety. As time went on depressive symptoms were the main complaint. The clinical state remained fairly stable over time.ConclusionsThere is a clear early onset of symptoms, in particular, affective ones (depression and anxiety) being prominent in childhood and preadolescence. Also there is a stable psychopathology over time which keep the patients on long term follow ups. This medical demand seemed to diminish at their fifth decade.

Clinical and psychosocial outcomes of borderline personality disorder in childhood and adolescence: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 2237-2251 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Winsper ◽  
S. Marwaha ◽  
S. T. Lereya ◽  
A. Thompson ◽  
J. Eyden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Psychosocial Outcomes ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Educational Work

BackgroundWhile there is a growing body of research on borderline personality disorder (BPD) in children and adolescents, controversy remains regarding the validity and diagnosis of the disorder prior to adulthood.MethodMEDLINE, EMBASE, Psych INFO and PubMed databases were systematically searched for articles pertaining to the clinical and psychosocial outcomes (i.e. predictive validity) of BPD first diagnosed in childhood or adolescence (i.e. prior to 19 years of age). All primary empirical studies were included in the review. A narrative synthesis of the data was completed.ResultsA total of 8200 abstracts were screened. Out of 214 full-text articles, 18 satisfied the predetermined inclusion criteria. Quality assessment indicated that most studies had high risk of bias in at least one study domain. Consistent with the adult literature, the diagnostic stability of BPD prior to the age of 19 years was low to moderate, and mean-level and rank-order stability, moderate to high. Individuals with BPD symptoms in childhood or adolescence had significant social, educational, work and financial impairment in later life.ConclusionsStudies indicate that borderline pathology prior to the age of 19 years is predictive of long-term deficits in functioning, and that a considerable proportion of individuals continue to manifest borderline symptoms up to 20 years later. These findings provide some support for the clinical utility of the BPD phenotype in younger populations, and suggest that an early intervention approach may be warranted. Further prospective studies are needed to delineate risk (and protective) factors pertinent to the chronicity of BPD across the lifespan.

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