scholarly journals Expanded in situ aging indicators for lithium-ion batteries with a blended NMC-LMO electrode cycled at sub-ambient temperature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander James Smith ◽  
Pontus Svens ◽  
Maria Varini ◽  
Göran Lindbergh ◽  
Rakel Wreland Lindström
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Capacity Fade ◽  
Online Application ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Polarization Factor ◽  
Battery Systems

An important step toward safer and more reliable lithium-ion battery systems is the development of better methods for detection and characterization of battery degradation. For a method to be suitable for online application (e.g., onboard an electric vehicle), it must be simple, explanatory, and non-invasive. In this work, we develop and track aging indicators over the life of 18650-format lithium-ion batteries with a blended NMC532-LMO positive electrode and graphite negative electrode. Cells are cycled until reaching 80 % of their original capacity under combinations of four different cycling conditions: ambient and sub-ambient temperatures (29 and 10 °C) and fast and mild rates (2.7 and 1.0C). Loss of lithium inventory dominates aging for all cases, with additional loss of NMC capacity under the combination of sub-ambient temperature and mild rate. A novel, easily acquired polarization factor (supported by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) complements capacity fade analysis; it correlates well with ultimate cell lifetime and indicates changes in active aging processes. These processes are further revealed by differential voltage analysis (DVA) and incremental capacity analysis (ICA). New indicators and aging scenarios are evaluated for these techniques and supported by post mortem analysis. From in operando cycling data and a single, slow discharge curve, these four methods (capacity fade, polarization factor, DVA, and ICA) comprise a simple, explanatory, and non-invasive toolbox for evaluating aging online in lithium-ion battery systems.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Compressive Load on a Lithium-Ion Battery for Electric Vehicle Application

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Seyed Saeed Madani ◽  
Erik Schaltz ◽  
Søren Knudsen Kær
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Cells

Lithium-ion batteries are being implemented in different large-scale applications, including aerospace and electric vehicles. For these utilizations, it is essential to improve battery cells with a great life cycle because a battery substitute is costly. For their implementation in real applications, lithium-ion battery cells undergo extension during the course of discharging and charging. To avoid disconnection among battery pack ingredients and deformity during cycling, compacting force is exerted to battery packs in electric vehicles. This research used a mechanical design feature that can address these issues. This investigation exhibits a comprehensive description of the experimental setup that can be used for battery testing under pressure to consider lithium-ion batteries’ safety, which could be employed in electrified transportation. Besides, this investigation strives to demonstrate how exterior force affects a lithium-ion battery cell’s performance and behavior corresponding to static exterior force by monitoring the applied pressure at the dissimilar state of charge. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used as the primary technique for this research. It was concluded that the profiles of the achieved spectrums from the experiments seem entirely dissimilar in comparison with the cases without external pressure. By employing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, it was noticed that the pure ohmic resistance, which is related to ion transport resistance of the separator, could substantially result in the corresponding resistance increase.

Chemical Modification Graphene as a High Performance Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries

2018 ◽  
Vol 913 ◽  
pp. 779-785
Author(s):  
Zhong Yi Chen ◽  
Kun Ma ◽  
De Guo Zhou ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Yan Zong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Anode Material ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Copper Foil ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Membrane Electrode

A novel membrane electrode was fabricated by coating conductive slurry (K/Graphene composites as its important component) on copper foil. The membrane electrode, as anode of lithium ion battery, exhibited excellent columbic efficiency and specific capacity of 831 mAh g-1 after 1000 cycles. The K/Graphene composites presented a multi-layer nanostructure. It provided not only more intercalation space and intercalation sites for Li+ during the Li+ intercalation/extraction, but also alleviated the agglomeration of dispersed nanocrystals, as well as decreased the electrochemical impedance. The results suggest that the membrane electrode holds great potential as an anode material for LIBs.

scholarly journals A Thermodynamic Model for Lithium-Ion Battery Degradation: Application of the Degradation-Entropy Generation Theorem

Inventions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jude Osara ◽  
Michael Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Entropy Generation ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Irreversible Thermodynamics ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Capacity Fade ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Generation Theorem ◽  
Battery Degradation

Presented is a lithium-ion battery degradation model, based on irreversible thermodynamics, which was experimentally verified, using commonly measured operational parameters. The methodology, applicable to all lithium-ion batteries of all chemistries and composition, combined fundamental thermodynamic principles, with the Degradation–Entropy Generation theorem, to relate instantaneous capacity fade (loss of useful charge-holding capacity) in the lithium-ion battery, to the irreversible entropy generated via the underlying dissipative physical processes responsible for battery degradation. Equations relating capacity fade—aging—to battery cycling were also formulated and verified. To show the robustness of the approach, nonlinear data from abusive and inconsistent battery cycling was measured and used to verify formulations. A near 100% agreement between the thermodynamic battery model and measurements was achieved. The model also gave rise to new material and design parameters to characterize all lithium-ion batteries.

scholarly journals Real-Time Prediction of Capacity Fade and Remaining Useful Life of Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Charge/Discharge Characteristics

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 846
Author(s):  
Chul-Jun Lee ◽  
Bo-Kyong Kim ◽  
Mi-Kyeong Kwon ◽  
Kanghyun Nam ◽  
Seok-Won Kang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Deep Neural Network ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Remaining Useful Life ◽  
Capacity Fade ◽  
Discharge Characteristics ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Charge Discharge

We propose a robust and reliable method based on deep neural networks to estimate the remaining useful life of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles. In general, the degradation of a battery can be predicted by monitoring its internal resistance. However, prediction under battery operation cannot be achieved using conventional methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The battery state can be predicted based on the change in the capacity according to the state of health. For the proposed method, a statistical analysis of capacity fade considering the impedance increase according to the degree of deterioration is conducted by applying a deep neural network to diverse data from charge/discharge characteristics. Then, probabilistic predictions based on the capacity fade trends are obtained to improve the prediction accuracy of the remaining useful life using another deep neural network.

scholarly journals Analysis of Lithium-ion Battery Micro-overcharge Cycle Damage Mechanism Based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 02076
Author(s):  
Jingjing Zhou ◽  
Peipei Chao ◽  
Nutao Zhang ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Duanqian Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Capacity Fading ◽  
Damage Pattern ◽  
Fading Rate

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to study the micro-overcharge cycle damage mechanism of Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Micro-overcharge cycle experiments of LIBs were carried out, and the capacity fading of LIBs under different charging cut-off voltages were analyzed. It was found that the capacity fading rate of LIBs increased with the rising of overcharge cut-off voltages and the increasing of cycle numbers. The EIS results show that the main damage pattern of LIBs during micro-overcharge cycle is the active lithium loss when the cut-off voltage is between 4.3 V and 4.4 V. Lithium loss accounts for more than 80% damage proportion when LIBs cycling for more than 20 cycles.

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