Quantitative ultrastructural analysis in cardiac membrane physiology

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (5) ◽  
pp. C147-C158 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Page
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Optical Diffraction ◽  
Intracellular Membrane ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Yield Information ◽  
Morphometric Methods ◽  
Sampling Problems ◽  
Membrane Physiology

Quantitative measurements on electron micrographs of heart muscle can yield information useful for cellular physiologists and at present not obtainable in other ways. These methods are subject to preparative artifact, sampling problems, and problems inherent in the mathematical description of ultrastructure. Nevertheless they provide the best available data for membrane areas of the plasmalemma and its components, as well as for membrane areas of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Morphometric methods can be used to study growth of membranes. Changes in the volumes of intracellular membrane-limited subcompartments can also be measured. Quantitative analysis of freeze-fractured membrane replicas can be carried out either by a statistical approach or by optical diffraction. In this way, physiological perturbations or developmental events leading to changes in membrane permeability can be studied for correlated changes in membrane structure.

scholarly journals Optical diffraction as a tool for semiautomatic, quantitative analysis of tissue specimens

Cytometry ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Różycka ◽  
S. Lenczowski ◽  
W. Sawicki ◽  
W. Barańska ◽  
K. Ostrowski
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Optical Diffraction ◽  
Tissue Specimens

scholarly journals Urgent Need for Field Surveys of Coronaviruses in Southeast Asia to Understand the SARS-CoV-2 Phylogeny and Risk Assessment for the Future Outbreaks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Seyran ◽  
Sk Sarif Hassan ◽  
Vladimir N. Uversky ◽  
Pabitra Pal Choudhury ◽  
Bruce D. Uhal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Related Group ◽  
Sampling Problems

Phylogeny is a statistical approach displaying the evolutionary history of a genetically related group of organisms with the fundamental prerequisite of the utilization of a significant sample size that could represent the whole population under investigation. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) phylogeny analyses are based on a single isolate of BatCoVs, which is not a sufficient representation of genetically related CoVs. For instance, the unique Bat-CoV RaTG13 sequence that is genetically associated with SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from Yunnan, China, in 2013. To date, no other RaTG13 sequence has been obtained in a different time (temporal), place (spatial), or other host condition. Data scarcity of Bat-CoVs sequences raises concern on the several fundamental experimental and biostatistical aspects, e.g. repeatability of the sequences and intraspecies variation of critical genes, such as the receptor-binding domain of Spike protein. Sunda pangolin has been proposed as the intermediate host and source of SARS-CoV-2, but no Pangolin-CoV isolates have been isolated in Southeast Asia, where Sunda pangolins inhabit. Most Pangolin-CoVs were isolated from deceased pangolins, that were captured during illegal animal trafficking into China, hence raising questions about the reliability and quality of such isolates. Pangolin-CoV sampling problems are also evident in the deposited sequences that are of sub-standard quality. Therefore, there is urgent need for survey the Bat-CoVs and possible intermediate hosts, such as pangolins and civets in Southeast Asia. These surveys are required to investigate the genomic source of SARS-CoV-2 and assess possible future risks for new outbreaks. The current SARS-CoV-2 phylogeny with unacceptably limited numbers of Bat-CoVs and Pangolin-CoVs sequences not sufficient and technically not appropriate for reliable phylogenic analysis.

scholarly journals Rotating Snakes Illusion—Quantitative Analysis Reveals a Region in Luminance Space With Opposite Illusory Rotation

i-Perception ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 204166951769177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Atala-Gérard ◽  
Michael Bach
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
White Light ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Quantitative Measurements

The Rotating Snakes Illusion employs patterns with repetitive asymmetric luminance steps forming a “snake wheel.” In the underlying luminance sequence {black, dark grey, white, light grey}, coded as {0, g1, 100, g2}, we varied g1 and g2 and measured illusion strength via nulling: Saccades were performed next to a “snake wheel” that rotated physically; observers adjusted rotation until a stationary percept obtained. Observers performed the perceptual nulling of the seeming rotation reliably. Typical settings for (g1, g2), measured from images by Kitaoka, are around (20%, 60%). Indeed, we found a marked illusion in the region (g1≈{0%–25%}, g2≈{20%–75%}) with a rotation speed of ≈1°/s. Surprisingly, we detected a second “island” around (70%, 95%) with opposite direction of the illusory rotation and weaker illusion. Our quantitative measurements of illusion strength confirmed the optimal luminance choices of the standard snake wheel and, unexpectedly, revealed an opposite rotation illusion.

scholarly journals Correlative all-optical quantification of mass density and mechanics of sub-cellular compartments with fluorescence specificity

eLife ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimund Schlüßler ◽  
Kyoohyun Kim ◽  
Martin Nötzel ◽  
Anna Taubenberger ◽  
Shada Abuhattum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Density ◽  
Optical Diffraction ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Implicit Assumption ◽  
Optical Diffraction Tomography ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Cellular Compartments ◽  
Longitudinal Modulus

Quantitative measurements of physical parameters become increasingly important for understanding biological processes. Brillouin microscopy (BM) has recently emerged as one technique providing the 3D distribution of viscoelastic properties inside biological samples - so far relying on the implicit assumption that refractive index (RI) and density can be neglected. Here, we present a novel method (FOB microscopy) combining BM with optical diffraction tomography and epi-fluorescence imaging for explicitly measuring the Brillouin shift, RI and absolute density with specificity to fluorescently labeled structures. We show that neglecting the RI and density might lead to erroneous conclusions. Investigating the nucleoplasm of wild-type HeLa cells, we find that it has lower density but higher longitudinal modulus than the cytoplasm. Thus, the longitudinal modulus is not merely sensitive to the water content of the sample - a postulate vividly discussed in the field. We demonstrate the further utility of FOB on various biological systems including adipocytes and intracellular membraneless compartments. FOB microscopy can provide unexpected scientific discoveries and shed quantitative light on processes such as phase separation and transition inside living cells.

Quantitative Measurements of Adsorbed Aminosilanes on Muscovite Mica Using Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy

1989 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1240-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Vågberg ◽  
Paul De Potocki ◽  
Per Stenius
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Adsorbed Layer ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Muscovite Mica ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Infrared ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

A method for quantitative analysis of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (γ-APS) and N-(N-vinylbenzyl-2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxy-silane hydrochloride (cationic vinylbenzyl silane, CVBS) on muscovite mica powder has been developed with the use of diffuse reflectance FT-IR spectroscopy. The adsorption isotherms determined by this method are reported. The results are compared with a previous study of the adsorption of aminosilanes by ESCA, and possible models of the adsorbed layer are discussed.

Partial Least-Squares Quantitative Analysis of Infrared Spectroscopic Data. Part II: Application to Detergent Analysis

1988 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Fuller ◽  
G. L. Ritter ◽  
C. S. Draper
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Polypropylene Glycol ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
Commercial Detergent

An implementation of the PLS (partial least-squares) statistical approach to quantitative analysis was applied to a set of mid-infrared spectra obtained from a series of commercial detergent samples. The components analyzed included the base detergent, sodium benzoate, 2-propanol, 1,2-propanediol, polypropylene glycol, and glycerol. The samples were analyzed with the use of a horizontal attenuated total reflectance (ATR) accessory equipped with a zinc selenide crystal. The PLS model created in the calibration was found to provide excellent results for a set of validation samples.

scholarly journals QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENTS OF LOCAL IRREGULARITIES IN WOVEN FABRICS BY OBSERVING OPTICAL DIFFRACTION PATTERNS

1986 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. T521-T527
Author(s):  
Ryuichi Akiyama ◽  
Toshihiro Iguro ◽  
Sei Uchiyama ◽  
Hideo Noshi ◽  
Juzo Hosokawa
Keyword(s):  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Optical Diffraction ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

scholarly journals Quantitative analysis of suture lines in Carboniferous ammonoids

Fossil Record ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-236
Author(s):  
Michael Wegerer ◽  
Kenneth De Baets ◽  
Dieter Korn
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Fourier Analysis ◽  
Early Carboniferous ◽  
Elliptic Fourier Analysis ◽  
Evolutionary Patterns ◽  
Multivariate Statistic ◽  
General Decrease ◽  
Morphometric Methods

Abstract. Two morphometric methods are applied and compared for the analysis of suture lines in Early Carboniferous ammonoids of the superfamilies Pericycloidea, Girtyoceratoidea and Goniatitoidea. We analysed (1) classic metric data (proportions of the width and depths or heights of lobes and saddles) using multivariate statistic methods and (2) outline data of the external lobe and the ventrolateral saddle of the same ammonoid taxa using the elliptic Fourier analysis. Both methods lead to similar results and simultaneously demonstrate ontogenetic and phylogenetic trends of these ammonoids. Our results are consistent with three previously suggested evolutionary patterns: (1) a general decrease of the amplitude of lobes and saddles, (2) a proportional widening of the external lobe and (3) a heightening of the median saddle.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Observation of the Intracellular Membrane Structure in Human Myocardium

Circulation ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 101 (19) ◽  
pp. 2328-2329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Okabe ◽  
Yumiko Kanzaki ◽  
Hiroaki Shimomura ◽  
Fumio Terasaki ◽  
Tetsuya Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Myocardium ◽  
Intracellular Membrane

scholarly journals Characterization of key aroma compounds in Meilanchun sesame flavor style baijiu by application of aroma extract dilution analysis, quantitative measurements, aroma recombination, and omission/addition experiments

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (42) ◽  
pp. 23757-23767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyuan Sun ◽  
Qinya Li ◽  
Siqi Luo ◽  
Jinglin Zhang ◽  
Mingquan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Aroma Compounds ◽  
Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Aroma Components ◽  
Aroma Recombination

The aroma components in Meilanchun sesame flavor style baijiu were identified by aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA), quantitative analysis, aroma active compound recombination, and omission/addition experiments.

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