A basic relationship between gastric and duodenal motilities in chickens.

Chickens were chronically fitted with a duodenal cannula and pairs of electrodes implanted in the wall of the muscular stomach, duodenum and ileum. Smooth muscle electrical activity was recorded in both fed and fasted conditions under a 12--12 h dark-light schedule. Two major patterns of activity were identified. The first consisted of spike bursts that propagated rapidly either aborally from the stomach or orally from the ileum. Aborad-propagated spike bursts were most frequent during the daytime; this circadian variation was abolished by vagotomy, which also increased the frequency of orad-propagated spike bursts. The second pattern was characterized by periods of repetitive spike bursts lasting 3--10 min and spreading aborally at a slower rate. In the fasted chicken, the daily frequency was increased and the period of repetitive spike bursts resembled the prolonged bursts of spike potentials recorded in the feline small intestine. The results suggest that the propulsion of digesta might depend on the ratio of spike bursts moving aborally from the stomach to those moving orally from the ileum. Both factors were influenced by the level of stomach activity.

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Intraluminal lipids modulate avian gastrointestinal motility

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1995.269.2.r445 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 269 (2) ◽

pp. R445-R452 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

V. Martinez ◽

M. Jimenez ◽

E. Gonalons ◽

P. Vergara

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Oleic Acid ◽

Gastric Emptying ◽

Electrical Activity ◽

Transit Time ◽

Gastrointestinal Motility ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Intestinal Transit Time ◽

Speed Of Propagation ◽

Spike Bursts

Infusion of lipids into the ileum delays gastric emptying and intestinal transit time in some species. The aim of this study was to characterize the actions of intraluminal lipid infusion on gastrointestinal electrical activity in chickens. Animals were prepared for electromyography with chronic electrodes in stomach, duodenum, and small intestine. Two catheters were chronically placed in the esophagus and ileum to infuse equimolar doses of either oleic acid (OA) or triolein (TO). Both OA and TO, esophageally infused, inhibited the frequency of the gastroduodenal cycle and increased the frequency of antiperistaltic spike bursts in the duodenum. Ileal infusion of OA, but not of TO, produced the same effects. Both esophageal and ileal OA infusion increased the duration of the migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) and decreased the speed of propagation of phase III. In conclusion, intraluminal infusion of lipids modulates gastrointestinal motility by decreasing the frequency of the gastric cycle, increasing duodenogastric refluxes, and elongating the MMC. These actions could delay gastric emptying and increase transit time, which suggests the presence of an "ileal brake" mechanism similar to that described in mammals.

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EFFECTS OF MASH DIET AND PELLETS UPON DIGESTIVE MOTOR FUNCTIONS IN DOMESTIC HENS AND GUINEA HENS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas83-074 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 63 (3) ◽

pp. 663-669 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. ROCHE ◽

F. ACHARD ◽

Y. RUCKEBUSCH

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Intestinal Motility ◽

Food Habits ◽

Food Restriction ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Diurnal Cycles ◽

Intestinal Activity ◽

Key Words Birds ◽

Spike Bursts ◽

Smooth Muscle Electrical Activity

The changes of gastric and intestinal motilities induced by food restriction and refeeding with pellets instead of an all-mash diet were compared in hens and guinea hens. Smooth muscle electrical activity was recorded in both species, which differed by their degree of domestication and food habits. Six-day fasting reduced gastric activity in both species, a phenomenon paralleled by an increase in intestinal motility and the disappearance of the diurnal cycles of gastro-intestinal activity. Refeeding increased gastric activity and reduced the intestinal activity in hens. By contrast with hens, pellets failed to induce major changes in the guinea hens, despite an increased frequency of gastric spike bursts and inhibition of the orad propagation of the intestinal spike bursts. The results suggest that hens, despite a lower responsiveness to environmental changes, are more sensitive than guinea hens to changes in diet. Key words: Birds, digestive electromyography, diet, physiological rhythms

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Transcutaneous Registration of Cavernous Smooth Muscle Electrical Activity: Noninvasive Diagnosis of Neurogenic Autonomic Impotence

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/s0022-5347(17)37130-6 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 147 (1) ◽

pp. 47-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Christian G. Stief ◽

Walter F. Thon ◽

Mohamad Djamilian ◽

Ernst P. Allhoff ◽

Udo Jonas

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Electrical Activity ◽

Noninvasive Diagnosis ◽

Cavernous Smooth Muscle ◽

Smooth Muscle Electrical Activity

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Correlation between electrical activity of smooth muscle and spatio-temporal motor events in the guinea-pig small intestine

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)81120-3 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A225-A225

Author(s):

M COSTA ◽

S YUAN ◽

T RAINSFORD ◽

S BROOKES ◽

G HENNIG

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Small Intestine ◽

Guinea Pig ◽

Electrical Activity ◽

Spatio Temporal

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Models of Smooth Muscle Electrical Activity

Smooth Muscle ◽

10.1007/978-1-4684-2751-6_29 ◽

1975 ◽

pp. 519-540 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

S. K. Sarna

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Electrical Activity ◽

Smooth Muscle Electrical Activity

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Patterns of electrical activity in the digestive tract of the conscious cat

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19820095 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 129-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Maurice Roche ◽

Lionel Bueno ◽

Monique Vagne ◽

Christian Blourde

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Electrical Activity ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Slow Wave ◽

Slow Waves ◽

Fasting State ◽

Bipolar Electrodes ◽

Adult Cats ◽

Spike Bursts ◽

Spiking Activity

1. Bipolar electrodes were permanently implanted on the gastric antrum, and on the different portions of the small intestine of each of eleven healthy adult cats receiving one meal daily. All parts of the feline gut exhibited, as in several other species, regular slow waves and alternate periods of quiescence and electrical spiking activity during the recording sessions lasting from 10 to 30 d.2. Patterns of electrical activity characteristic of this species were identified. Both the amplitude and frequency of the antral slow-wave were related to the presence cf superimposed spike bursts during fasting decrease in the antral slow-wave frequency and increase in the length of the duodenal plateau of slow waves after the daily meal were related to its nature.3. In fasted state, the electrical spiking activity of the small intestine occurred as fused spike bursts of large amplitude potentials migrating slowly over short distances only 24 h after feeding. They are interspersed with short periods of irregular spiking activity.4. These findings suggested that, except the distal part of the small intestine which showed an activity which resembled partially the migrating myoelectric complex observed in other species during the fasting state, the motility patterns of the digestive tract in the cat were not comparable to those observed in the dog or sheep. In the cat, mixing of the contents seemed to result from more or less regular spiking activity allowing their propulsion distally. The propagation over distances varying from 200 to 1000 mm of nine to eighteen daily fused spike bursts in the fasting state remains unclear but they are related to the digestive function in accordance with the displacement aborally of their origin in a prolonged fasting condition.

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Minute rhythm of electrical spike bursts of the small intestine in different species

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1982.242.6.g654 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 242 (6) ◽

pp. G654-G659 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. Fleckenstein ◽

L. Bueno ◽

J. Fioramonti ◽

Y. Ruckebusch

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Electrical Activity ◽

Short Distance ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Pressure Waves ◽

Implanted Electrodes ◽

Fluid Content ◽

Human Small Intestine ◽

Period Duration ◽

Spike Bursts

Electrical activity of propagating spike bursts recurring at minute intervals was recorded from the small intestine by chronically implanted electrodes in the rabbit, cat, dog, sheep, and pig. This "minute rhythm" has been recorded previously from the intact human small intestine. It occurs in the jejunum with a period duration of 0.5-2.0 min in all species examined. The minute rhythm was accompanied by pressure waves propagating over a short distance, and the activity was most prominent before the onset of phase III of the myoelectric complex. The minute rhythm was activated by the infusion of saline in the jejunum, and it may possibly reflect a normal mechanism for the transport of fluid content.

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