Minute rhythm of electrical spike bursts of the small intestine in different species

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (6) ◽  
pp. G654-G659 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Fleckenstein ◽  
L. Bueno ◽  
J. Fioramonti ◽  
Y. Ruckebusch
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Short Distance ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Pressure Waves ◽  
Implanted Electrodes ◽  
Fluid Content ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
Period Duration ◽  
Spike Bursts

Electrical activity of propagating spike bursts recurring at minute intervals was recorded from the small intestine by chronically implanted electrodes in the rabbit, cat, dog, sheep, and pig. This "minute rhythm" has been recorded previously from the intact human small intestine. It occurs in the jejunum with a period duration of 0.5-2.0 min in all species examined. The minute rhythm was accompanied by pressure waves propagating over a short distance, and the activity was most prominent before the onset of phase III of the myoelectric complex. The minute rhythm was activated by the infusion of saline in the jejunum, and it may possibly reflect a normal mechanism for the transport of fluid content.

Intraluminal lipids modulate avian gastrointestinal motility

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (2) ◽  
pp. R445-R452 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Martinez ◽  
M. Jimenez ◽  
E. Gonalons ◽  
P. Vergara
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Intestinal Transit Time ◽  
Speed Of Propagation ◽  
Spike Bursts

Infusion of lipids into the ileum delays gastric emptying and intestinal transit time in some species. The aim of this study was to characterize the actions of intraluminal lipid infusion on gastrointestinal electrical activity in chickens. Animals were prepared for electromyography with chronic electrodes in stomach, duodenum, and small intestine. Two catheters were chronically placed in the esophagus and ileum to infuse equimolar doses of either oleic acid (OA) or triolein (TO). Both OA and TO, esophageally infused, inhibited the frequency of the gastroduodenal cycle and increased the frequency of antiperistaltic spike bursts in the duodenum. Ileal infusion of OA, but not of TO, produced the same effects. Both esophageal and ileal OA infusion increased the duration of the migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) and decreased the speed of propagation of phase III. In conclusion, intraluminal infusion of lipids modulates gastrointestinal motility by decreasing the frequency of the gastric cycle, increasing duodenogastric refluxes, and elongating the MMC. These actions could delay gastric emptying and increase transit time, which suggests the presence of an "ileal brake" mechanism similar to that described in mammals.

Migrating spike complex in the small intestine of the fasting cat

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (4) ◽  
pp. G619-G627
Author(s):  
W. C. De Vos
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Action Potential ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Slow Waves ◽  
Wave Frequency ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Variable Frequency ◽  
Implanted Electrodes

This study characterizes the migrating spike complex (MSC) in the small intestine of the awake fasting cat and compares the MSC with interdigestive activity in the small intestine of other species. Electrical activity in each of 12 cats with implanted electrodes showed MSCs, bands of spike potentials which attenuated slow-wave frequency and amplitude as the MSCs progressed distally. MSCs occurred at variable frequency with intervals ranging from < 1 min to > 5 h and averaged 51.2 +/- 2.8 (SE) min. MSCs migrated at 1-8 mm/s, accelerating distally; the duration decreased distally such that the length of the bowel in a burst (2-3 cm proximally) was conserved. The MSC was associated with an intense prolonged contraction of duration similar to that of the MSC. Sometimes the MSCs occurred in close association, and when an MSC period was < 5.7 min, the second MSC propagated at a slower rate than the first. Frequently, a brief series of slow wave-associated spikes preceded an MSC. MSCs were not associated with slow waves. The MSC differs in several respects from the migrating myoelectric complex of other laboratory animals and is more appropriately classified in a category that includes giant migrating spikes, prolonged propagated contractions, power contractions, and migrating action potential complexes.

Origin of migrating myoelectric complex in sheep.

1977 ◽  
Vol 233 (6) ◽  
pp. E483
Author(s):  
Y Ruckebusch ◽  
L Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Duodenal Bulb ◽  
Wave Frequency ◽  
Proximal Jejunum ◽  
Implanted Electrodes ◽  
Migrating Myoelectric Complex ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Conscious Sheep ◽  
Spike Bursts

The electrical activity of the gastroduodenal junction was recorded in conscious sheep for 8 to 12 wk with chronically implanted electrodes. The flow of digesta was simultaneously recorded, and the duodenal bulb was isolated at the time of implantation. The mean slow-wave frequency of the antrum was 5.6 +/- 0.3/min with spike bursts randomly superimposed on about 60% of the slow waves. The activity of the duodenal bulb was characterized by an absence of slow-wave unpropagated spike bursts and by two types of propagated spike bursts. The first consisted of isolated bursts accompanied by a rapid movement of digesta through the entire duodenum and proximal jejunum. The second, an irregular series of 8-12 spike bursts was associated with total evacuation of the duodenal bulb, followed in turn by an inhibition of antral spiking activity and the development of a migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) in the distal duodenum. The results indicate that in sheep organization of the MMC is located at the duodenal level where the duodenal bulb has a reservoir function.

A basic relationship between gastric and duodenal motilities in chickens.

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (6) ◽  
pp. E670
Author(s):  
M Roche ◽  
Y Ruckebusch
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Circadian Variation ◽  
Dark Light ◽  
Daily Frequency ◽  
Basic Relationship ◽  
Spike Bursts ◽  
Smooth Muscle Electrical Activity

Chickens were chronically fitted with a duodenal cannula and pairs of electrodes implanted in the wall of the muscular stomach, duodenum and ileum. Smooth muscle electrical activity was recorded in both fed and fasted conditions under a 12--12 h dark-light schedule. Two major patterns of activity were identified. The first consisted of spike bursts that propagated rapidly either aborally from the stomach or orally from the ileum. Aborad-propagated spike bursts were most frequent during the daytime; this circadian variation was abolished by vagotomy, which also increased the frequency of orad-propagated spike bursts. The second pattern was characterized by periods of repetitive spike bursts lasting 3--10 min and spreading aborally at a slower rate. In the fasted chicken, the daily frequency was increased and the period of repetitive spike bursts resembled the prolonged bursts of spike potentials recorded in the feline small intestine. The results suggest that the propulsion of digesta might depend on the ratio of spike bursts moving aborally from the stomach to those moving orally from the ileum. Both factors were influenced by the level of stomach activity.

A linked oscillator model of electrical activity of human small intestine

1975 ◽  
Vol 229 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
BH Brown ◽  
HL Duthie ◽  
AR Horn ◽  
RH Smallwood
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Slow Wave Activity ◽  
Electronic Relaxation ◽  
Relaxation Oscillators ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Frequency Gradient

The electrical slow-wave activity of the human small intestine has been simulated by a chain of 64 coupled electronic relaxation oscillators. The model simulates the frequency gradient of recorded patoentials in the human small intestine and when transected, behaves in a similar way to the transected canine small intestine. The model exhibits a spontaneous effect whereby several adjacent oscillators periodically are in the same state. This effect travels down the model in the time of 20-30 min.

13-NLE-motilin and interdigestive motor and electrical activity of human small intestine

1978 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Lux ◽  
U. Strunz ◽  
S. Domschke ◽  
J. Femppel ◽  
W. Rösch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Human Small Intestine

Rapid frequency rhythmic postprandial motility in the canine ileum

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (5) ◽  
pp. G766-G772
Author(s):  
A. Fich ◽  
S. F. Phillips ◽  
R. B. Hanson ◽  
A. R. Zinsmeister
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Pressure Waves ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Postprandial Period ◽  
Distal Small Intestine ◽  
Postprandial Motility ◽  
Chronic Models ◽  
Spike Bursts

We report here a novel motor phenomenon that we recorded from the canine terminal ileum in the postprandial period. In chronic models that allowed us to monitor myoelectrical activity and intraluminal pressure from the jejunum and distal ileum, we regularly saw in the ileum, but not in the jejunum, a rhythmic sequence of intraluminal pressure waves at a frequency of 19-24 cycles/min. This unusual motor pattern was rarely seen in the first 2 h after food and was essentially absent during fasting; it appeared reproducibly 1-4 h after food, at the time when chyme reached the ileum. The phenomenon was accompanied by spike bursts that were usually at the same rapid, rhythmic frequency, but the rate of the ileal slow wave persisted at the preprandial level (13-15/min). These findings further exemplify differences in the regulation of the motility between jejunum and ileum; moreover, the phenomenon highlights the capacity of the distal small intestine to response specifically to the nature of its luminal contents. This reaction of the ileum to the arrival of dietary residues is deserving of further study in the evaluation of the small bowel's response to a meal.

Motilin and the vagus in dogs

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1092-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lemoyne ◽  
R. Wassef ◽  
D. Tassé ◽  
L. Trudel ◽  
P. Poitras
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Vagal Stimulation ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Sham Feeding ◽  
Implanted Electrodes ◽  
Motility Pattern ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Circulating Levels

The aim of this work was to determine the influence of the vagus on the circulating levels of immunoreactive (IR) motilin. Five mongrel dogs were equipped with chronically implanted electrodes in the small intestine to record the myoelectrical activity. The release of IR motilin during fasting, after a meal, and during an infusion of insulin was studied before and after truncal vagotomy at the diaphragmatic level. When tested at least two weeks after the operation, the motility pattern of the small intestine and the secretion of IR motilin remained unaltered by vagal section. Cyclic increases in IR motilin associated with phase III's of the interdigestive myoelectric complexes were still observed after vagotomy (maximum levels of IR motilin: 250 ± 37 versus 239 ± 19 fmol∙mL−1, not significant), and they were still abolished by feeding or by insulin. However, an inhibitory influence can probably be mediated by the vagus since, in normal animals, vagal stimulation by a "modified sham feeding" (tease feeding or presentation of food) at the beginning of a period of phase III activity promptly interrupted this part of the complex and decreased significantly the release of IR motilin by about 20%. The release of motilin is not chronically altered by distal vagotomy in dogs.

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