Atrial natriuretic peptides are present throughout the plant kingdom and enhance solute flow in plants

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (3) ◽  
pp. E465-E477
Author(s):  
D. L. Vesely ◽  
W. R. Gower ◽  
A. T. Giordano
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Factor ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Plant Kingdom ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Solute Flow ◽  
Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

The present investigation was designed to 1) determine if atrial natriuretic-like peptides are present throughout the plant kingdom and 2) to determine if these peptides increase the flow of solute and/or water upward to leaves and flowers of plants. The 126-amino acid prohormone of atrial natriuretic factor (proANF)-(1-30), proANF-(31-67), and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)-like peptides were present in the roots, stems, leaves, and flower petals of the more highly developed plants (Tracheophyta), with their highest concentrations being: Florida beauty > buddhist pine > Boston fern > rose = geranium = resurrection plant or club moss > Moses-in-the-cradle > Florida coontie. These peptides were also present in Bryophata (plants without vascular tissue or roots) and even in Euglena, flagellated chlorophyll-containing plants without leaves, stems, or roots. proANF-(1-30), proANF-(31-67), and proANF-(79-98) but not ANF (each at < 5.9 pg/ml) significantly increased (P < 0.001) the flow of colored water up stems, coloring their flowers 15-35 min earlier than the other one-half of the same flowers without exogenous peptide addition. These same peptides increased the rate of transpiration (i.e., loss of water from the leaves) and the absorption of solutions. High-performance gel permeation chromatography revealed that proANF-(1-30), proANF-(31-67), and ANF extracted from plants are very similar to their pure synthetic human sequences, with elution profiles and molecular weights of the plant extracts duplicating those of the pure synthetic peptides.

Bioactive atrial natriuretic factor-like peptides in rat anterior pituitary

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Gutkowska ◽  
Marc Cantin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Vycor Glass ◽  
Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Carboxy Terminal ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

The presence of biologically active atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)-like peptides was demonstrated in rat anterior pituitary. ANF-like immunoreactivity was detected in rat anterior pituitary by specific radioimmunoassay and was extracted from rat anterior pituitary homogenates by heat-activated Vycor glass beads; extracts were purified by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Two peaks containing ANF immunoreactive material were obtained. The first peak was eluted from the C18 μBondapak column at a position similar to the 28-amino acid carboxy terminal peptide (Ser99-Tyr126)-ANF of prohormone. The second peak had the same pattern of elution as the 126-amino acid prohormone, (Asn1-Tyr126)-ANF. The biological activity of the smaller molecular weight peptide (28 amino acid) was assessed by its inhibitory effect on 10−8 M ACTH-stimulated aldosterone secretion in rat zona glomeralosa cell suspension. This ANF-like material also displaced I125-labelled ANF from rat glomerular receptors with a potency similar to synthetic (Arg101-Tyr126)-ANF. Immunocytochemical localization revealed a distribution of ANF-stained cells similar in pattern and location to that of gonadotrophs. These results suggest the existence of biologically active ANF-like peptides and ANF prohormone within the anterior pituitary. However, their role remains to be elucidated.

Metabolic clearance of atrial natriuretic factor in ovine pregnancy

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (5) ◽  
pp. R1413-R1420
Author(s):  
S. Mukaddam-Daher ◽  
J. Gutkowska ◽  
B. S. Nuwayhid ◽  
E. W. Quillen
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Initial Distribution ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Plasma Decay ◽  
Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Pregnant Sheep ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is normally released into the circulation primarily by volume expansion and atrial distension, but we have shown that plasma ANF is elevated in pregnant sheep before volume expansion. Because alterations in the metabolic clearance of ANF could lead to elevated plasma ANF levels, the present study was designed to determine the pharmacokinetics of plasma ANF in pregnant sheep. Chronically instrumented nonpregnant and pregnant sheep received intravenous injections of monoiodinated human ANF (125I-hANF). Plasma decay curves of 125I-hANF followed a biexponential function in both groups. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed the accumulation of smaller degradation products by 2 min postinjection, and by 30 min no intact ANF was present. Because HPLC identification of ANF and its metabolites was shown to be more efficient than precipitation with 10% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or extraction by Sep-Pak cartridges, ANF kinetic parameters were calculated from HPLC-corrected plasma decay curves. Injected ANF was rapidly distributed in an initial distribution volume (IDV) that was expanded in pregnant sheep. Metabolic clearance rate (MCR) was greater in pregnant sheep (2.8 +/- 0.3 vs. 6.8 +/- 1.2 l/min, P = 0.002), while plasma half-life (t1/2) was not altered (2.2 +/- 0.5 vs. 2.4 +/- 0.4 min). The data demonstrate that during pregnancy, the t1/2 of ANF is not altered but the MCR of ANF is enhanced. These findings imply that plasma ANF is increased by mechanisms other than reduced clearance in pregnant sheep.

Clearance receptor and neutral endopeptidase-mediated metabolism of atrial natriuretic factor

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (3) ◽  
pp. F546-F553 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Okolicany ◽  
G. A. McEnroe ◽  
G. Y. Koh ◽  
J. A. Lewicki ◽  
T. Maack
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Factor ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Neutral Endopeptidase ◽  
Apparent Volume ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

A novel small linear C-atrial natriuretic factor receptor ligand [C-ANF-(11-15)] and phosphoramidon (PHO) were used to determine the effects of C-ANF receptor blockade alone, or in combination with inhibition of neutral endopeptidase (NEP), on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ANF in the rat. C-ANF-(11-15) infusion decreased apparent volume of distribution (Vss) and metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of administered 125I-ANF-(1-28) to one-third of their control values, whereas PHO alone was without effect on these parameters. In combination with C-ANF-(11-15), however, PHO further decreased MCR of 125I-ANF-(1-28) and increased plasma half time by more than threefold. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that C-ANF-(11-15) inhibited the delayed appearance of free 125I and [125I]monoiodotyrosine but had no effect on the small proportion of NEP metabolites in plasma. The combination of C-ANF-(11-15) and PHO further delayed the appearance of small metabolites, abolished the appearance of NEP metabolites, and markedly prolonged the permanence of intact 125I-ANF-(1-28) in plasma. The results demonstrate that C-ANF receptor blockade by C-ANF-(11-15) impairs clearance and metabolism of ANF, an effect which is synergistically potentiated by concomitant inhibition of NEP. C-ANF-(11-15) alone or in combination with NEP inhibitors may be a potentially useful therapeutic tool in the treatment of cardiovascular and renal diseases.

Release of atrial natriuretic factor prohormone peptides 1-30, 31-67 and 99-126 from freshwater- and seawater-acclimated perfused trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hearts

1997 ◽  
Vol 200 (9) ◽  
pp. 1351-1362
Author(s):  
K Cousins ◽  
A Farrell ◽  
R Sweeting ◽  
D Vesely ◽  
J Keen
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Factor ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Filling Pressure ◽  
Maximal Increase ◽  
Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), a 28-amino-acid peptide hormone produced in the heart, circulates in both freshwater and seawater rainbow trout. In mammals, two other peptide hormones, proANF 1-30 and proANF 31-67, derived from the same 126-amino-acid prohormone as ANF (amino acids 99&shyp;126), circulate and have natriuretic and diuretic properties. It has never been determined whether these peptides circulate in fish. The present investigation was designed to determine (1) whether proANF 1-30 and/or proANF 31-67 circulate in perfused hearts from freshwater- and seawater-acclimated rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in situ, and (2) if they do, to determine whether increasing the filling pressure of the heart causes their release in trout as it does in mammals. High-performance gel-permeation chromatography of fish plasma revealed that both proANF 1-30 and 31-67 circulate in freshwater- and seawater-acclimated trout plasma at threefold higher concentrations than does ANF. The basal rates of release of ANF and proANF 1-30 and 31-67 were similar in both freshwater and seawater trout, with the rate of release of proANF 1-30 being 10 times higher and that of proANF 31-67 20 times higher than that of ANF. When the filling pressure was increased to the peak of the Starling curve (max), the rate of release of ANF and proANFs 1-30 and 31-67 increased fivefold for each peptide in the freshwater trout, while in seawater trout the rates of release increased six- to ninefold. We conclude that proANF 1-30 and 31-67, as well as ANF, circulate in both freshwater-and seawater-acclimated trout and do so at concentrations higher than that of ANF. Increasing the filling pressure to the trout heart was found to cause a similar increase in the release rates for each of these peptides, but the maximal increase was higher in the seawater-acclimated trout, apparently because they showed a larger increase in cardiac output.

Atrial Natriuretic Factor Receptors

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Jacobs ◽  
George P. Vlasuk ◽  
Michael Rosenblatt
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Acute and chronic sodium loading stimulates atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in man

1986 ◽  
Vol 113 (1_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S165-S166 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. WAMBACH ◽  
S. GÖTZ ◽  
G. SUCKAU ◽  
G. BÖNNER ◽  
W. KAUFMANN
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Sodium Loading ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic
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