Weight stability masks sarcopenia in elderly men and women

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (2) ◽  
pp. E366-E375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dympna Gallagher ◽  
Else Ruts ◽  
Marjolein Visser ◽  
Stanley Heshka ◽  
Richard N. Baumgartner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Total Body

Skeletal muscle loss or sarcopenia in aging has been suggested in cross-sectional studies but has not been shown in elderly subjects using appropriate measurement techniques combined with a longitudinal study design. Longitudinal skeletal muscle mass changes after age 60 yr were investigated in independently living, healthy men ( n = 24) and women ( n = 54; mean age 73 yr) with a mean ± SD follow-up time of 4.7 ± 2.3 yr. Measurements included regional skeletal muscle mass, four additional lean components (fat-free body mass, body cell mass, total body water, and bone mineral), and total body fat. Total appendicular skeletal muscle (TSM) mass decreased in men (−0.8 ± 1.2 kg, P = 0.002), consisting of leg skeletal muscle (LSM) loss (−0.7 ± 0.8 kg, P = 0.001) and a trend toward loss of arm skeletal muscle (ASM; −0.2 ± 0.4 kg, P = 0.06). In women, TSM mass decreased (−0.4 ± 1.2 kg, P = 0.006) and consisted of LSM loss (−0.3 ± 0.8 kg, P = 0.005) and a tendency for a loss of ASM (−0.1 ± 0.6 kg, P = 0.20). Multiple regression modeling indicates greater rates of LSM loss in men. Body weight in men at follow-up did not change significantly (−0.5 ± 3.0 kg, P = 0.44) and fat mass increased (+1.2 ± 2.4 kg, P = 0.03). Body weight and fat mass in women were nonsignificantly reduced (−0.8 ± 3.9 kg, P= 0.15 and −0.8 ± 3.5 kg, P = 0.12). These observations suggest that sarcopenia is a progressive process, particularly in elderly men, and occurs even in healthy independently living older adults who may not manifest weight loss.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Protect Muscle Loss by miR-145-5p Activity Targeting Activin A Receptors

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2169
Author(s):  
Kyung-Ah Cho ◽  
Da-Won Choi ◽  
Yu-Hee Kim ◽  
Jungwoo Kim ◽  
Kyung-Ha Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Activin A ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Muscle Loss ◽  
Total Body

Skeletal muscle mass is decreased under a wide range of pathologic conditions. In particular, chemotherapy is well known for inducing muscle loss and atrophy. Previous studies using tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (T-MSCs) or a T-MSC-conditioned medium showed effective recovery of total body weight in the chemotherapy-preconditioned bone marrow transplantation mouse model. This study investigated whether extracellular vesicles of T-MSCs, such as exosomes, are a key player in the recovery of body weight and skeletal muscle mass in chemotherapy-treated mice. T-MSC exosomes transplantation significantly decreased loss of total body weight and muscle mass in the busulfan-cyclophosphamide conditioning regimen in BALB/c recipient mice containing elevated serum activin A. Additionally, T-MSC exosomes rescued impaired C2C12 cell differentiation in the presence of activin A in vitro. We found that T-MSC exosomes possess abundant miR-145-5p, which targets activin A receptors, ACVR2A, and ACVR1B. Indeed, T-MSC exosomes rescue muscle atrophy both in vivo and in vitro via miR-145-5p dependent manner. These results suggest that T-MSC exosomes have therapeutic potential to maintain or improve skeletal muscle mass in various activin A elevated pathologic conditions.

scholarly journals Skeletal muscle mass is associated with erythropoietin response in hemodialysis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Takata ◽  
Yukari Mae ◽  
Kentaro Yamada ◽  
Sosuke Taniguchi ◽  
Shintaro Hamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Weekly Dose

Abstract Background Hyporesponsiveness to erythropoietin stimulating agent (ESA) is associated with poor outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease. Although ESA hyporesponsiveness and sarcopenia have a common pathophysiological background, clinical evidence linking them is scarce. The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between ESA responsiveness and skeletal muscle mass in hemodialysis patients. Methods This cross-sectional study analyzed 70 patients on maintenance hemodialysis who were treated with ESA. ESA responsiveness was evaluated by erythropoietin resistance index (ERI), calculated as a weekly dose of ESA divided by body weight and hemoglobin (IU/kg/week/dL), and a weekly dose of ESA/hemoglobin (IU/week/dL). A dose of ESA is equivalated to epoetin β. Correlations between ESA responsiveness and clinical parameters including skeletal muscle mass were analyzed. Results Among the 70 patients, ERI was positively correlated to age (p < 0.002) and negatively correlated to height (p < 0.001), body weight (p < 0.001), BMI (p < 0.001), skeletal muscle mass (p < 0.001), transferrin saturation (TSAT) (p = 0.049), and zinc (p = 0.006). In the multiple linear regression analysis, TSAT, zinc, and skeletal muscle mass were associated with ERI and weekly ESA dose/hemoglobin. Conclusions Skeletal muscle mass was the independent predictor for ESA responsiveness as well as TSAT and zinc. Sarcopenia is another target for the management of anemia in patients with hemodialysis.

scholarly journals Body composition and energy intake — skeletal muscle mass is the strongest predictor of food intake in obese adolescents: The HEARTY trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jameason D. Cameron ◽  
Ronald J. Sigal ◽  
Glen P. Kenny ◽  
Angela S. Alberga ◽  
Denis Prud’homme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Obese Adolescents

There has been renewed interest in examining the relationship between specific components of energy expenditure and the overall influence on energy intake (EI). The purpose of this cross-sectional analysis was to determine the strongest metabolic and anthropometric predictors of EI. It was hypothesized that resting metabolic rate (RMR) and skeletal muscle mass would be the strongest predictors of EI in a sample of overweight and obese adolescents. 304 post-pubertal adolescents (91 boys, 213 girls) aged 16.1 (±1.4) years with body mass index at or above the 95th percentile for age and sex OR at or above the 85th percentile plus an additional diabetes risk factor were measured for body weight, RMR (kcal/day) by indirect calorimetry, body composition by magnetic resonance imaging (fat free mass (FFM), skeletal muscle mass, fat mass (FM), and percentage body fat), and EI (kcal/day) using 3 day food records. Body weight, RMR, FFM, skeletal muscle mass, and FM were all significantly correlated with EI (p < 0.005). After adjusting the model for age, sex, height, and physical activity, only FFM (β = 21.9, p = 0.007) and skeletal muscle mass (β = 25.8, p = 0.02) remained as significant predictors of EI. FFM and skeletal muscle mass also predicted dietary protein and fat intake (p < 0.05), but not carbohydrate intake. In conclusion, with skeletal muscle mass being the best predictor of EI, our results support the hypothesis that the magnitude of the body’s lean tissue is related to absolute levels of EI in a sample of inactive adolescents with obesity.

scholarly journals A New Total Body Potassium Method to Estimate Total Body Skeletal Muscle Mass in Children

2007 ◽  
Vol 137 (8) ◽  
pp. 1988-1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZiMian Wang ◽  
Stanley Heshka ◽  
Angelo Pietrobelli ◽  
Zhao Chen ◽  
Analiza M. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Total Body Potassium ◽  
Total Body

scholarly journals Total body skeletal muscle mass estimated by magnetic resonance imaging and creatine ( methyl‐d 3 ) dilution in athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-428
Author(s):  
Tessa E. Morris‐Paterson ◽  
Stephen A. Stimpson ◽  
Ram R. Miller ◽  
Matthew E. Barton ◽  
Michael S. Leonard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Total Body

Total-body skeletal muscle mass: estimation by a new dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaehee Kim ◽  
ZiMian Wang ◽  
Steven B Heymsfield ◽  
Richard N Baumgartner ◽  
Dympna Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Mass Estimation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Total Body

Appendicular skeletal muscle mass to truncal fat mass ratio as a new index for osteosarcopenic obesity syndrome in older adults: emphasizing the role of central obesity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lazuardhi Dwipa ◽  
Rini Widiastuti ◽  
Alif Bagus Rakhimullah ◽  
Marcellinus Maharsidi ◽  
Yuni Susanti Pratiwi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Appendicular Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass

Abstract Background The relationship between obesity and low bone mineral density (BMD) in older adults is still unclear. Most of the previous study did not account the factor of sarcopenia which is the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass due to aging, and distribution of fat in obesity. Thus, this study was aimed to explore the correlation between appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM), total fat mass (FM), and truncal fat mass (TrFM) as well as indexes (ASMM/FM and ASMM/TrFM ratio) with BMD in older adults.Methods This was an analytic cross-sectional study. Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) were used to assess BMD and body composition, respectively. Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass (ASMM) were used in the analysis to reflect sarcopenia, Fat Mass (FM) and Trunkal Fat Mass (TrFM) were used to reflect general and central obesity, respectively. All data were obtained from medical records of Geriatric Clinic of Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Indonesia from January 2014 to December 2018. The correlation between body compositions variable with BMD were analyzed using Spearman’s test. We also conducted a comparison analysis of body composition variables between low and normal BMD using Mann-Whitney test. Results A total of 112 subjects were enrolled in the study. ASMM and TrFM were positive (rs=0.517, p<0.001) and negative (rS=-0.22, p=0.02) correlated with BMD, respectively. FM were not correlated with BMD, rS=-0.113 (p=0.234). As indexes, ASMM/FM and ASMM/TrFM had positive correlation with BMD, rS=0.277 (p<0.001), and rS=0.391 (p<0.001), respectively. The ASMM, TrFM, and ASMM/TrFM ratio between normal and low BMD also significantly different (p<0.001), meanwhile FM were not (p=0.204).Conclusion ASMM and TrFM have a positive and negative correlation with BMD, respectively. ASMM/TrFM ratio as new sarcopenia-central obesity index has a positive correlation with BMD.

P1569ADIPONECTIN IS ASSOCIATED WITH DECLINE IS SKELETAL MUSCLE MASS AND BONE MINERAL CONTENT IN PATIENTS ON HEMODIALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Ogawa ◽  
Toshimitsu Koga ◽  
Daisuke Fuwa ◽  
Hirofumi Tamaki ◽  
Takayuki Nanbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Total Plasma

Abstract Background and Aims Patients on hemodialysis are prone to undernutrition, malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome, and protein-energy wasting (PEW). One of the major adipocytokines adiponectin (ADPN) is involved in anti-arteriosclerotic and anti-inflammatory processes. However, ADPN is implicated in muscle weakness and loss of muscle mass in the elderly in addition to sarcopenia. At the 2019 ERA-EDTA Congress, we announced that total plasma ADPN levels in patients on hemodialysis (HD) showed a significant inverse correlation with BMI, body fat in percentage, mass and estimated skeletal muscle mass, and ADPN may be involved in sarcopenia in patients on HD. Herein, we investigated the association of ADPN level with sarcopenia in patients on HD using a method different from the one used in our previous study. We examined the relationship between total plasma ADPN level and the rate of change in estimated skeletal muscle mass, bone mineral content, and body fat mass over 5 years after the plasma ADPN measurement. Furthermore, we analyzed whether an elevated ADPN level was predictive of a subsequent decline in these parameters. Method Total plasma ADPN levels were measured using ELISA (Bio Vendor-Laboratorni Medicina a.s., Czech Republic) in 42 male patients on HD (age: 51.1 ± 9.0 years, dialysis vintage: 144.8 ± 99.2 months, BMI: 21.8 ± 3.2, dry BW: 62.0 ± 10.9 kg, dialysis time: 15.6 ± 3.1 hours/week). The estimates of skeletal muscle mass, bone mineral content, and body fat mass were made using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MFBIA) within the same year when total plasma ADPN level were first measured in 2011 as well as in 2016. We then calculated the rates of change in the estimated skeletal muscle mass, bone mineral content, and body fat mass over the 5 years and correlated these parameters with the total plasma ADPN measurements. Results Conclusion Total plasma ADPN levels inversely correlate with larger rates of decrease in estimated skeletal muscle mass and bone mineral content in patients on HD. This suggests that ADPN may play a role in the decline in skeletal muscle mass and bone mineral content over time in patients on HD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document