Nonlinear mechanics of the heart's swinging during pericardial effusion

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (4) ◽  
pp. H1292-H1305
Author(s):  
D. R. Rigney ◽  
A. L. Goldberger
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Cardiac Tamponade ◽  
Equation Of Motion ◽  
Nonlinear Mechanics ◽  
Pericardial Space ◽  
Buoyancy Forces ◽  
Great Vessels

When excessive fluid accumulates in the pericardial space, the heart, suspended by the great vessels, is then free to swing as a pendulum. The swinging may occur at either the same frequency as the heart rate (1:1 oscillation) or at half the heart rate (2:1 oscillation), the latter frequency often arising during cardiac tamponade. We show that these two frequencies of oscillation may be explained by the nonlinearity of Newton's equation of motion as applied to the heart. Terms in the equation correspond to gravitational and buoyancy forces, forces due to ejection of blood into the great vessels, and damping forces. A transition between the 1:1 and 2:1 swinging is found to occur when particular parameters of the model are changed, notably when there is an increase of heart rate. This finding is compatible with previous clinical reports.

Cardiac tamponade

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1575-1580
Author(s):  
Arsen D. Ristić ◽  
Petar M. Seferović ◽  
Bernhard Maisch ◽  
Vladimir Kanjuh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Cardiac Tamponade ◽  
Interventional Procedures ◽  
Loop Diuretics ◽  
Diastolic Filling ◽  
Pericardial Space ◽  
Pericardial Diseases

Cardiac tamponade is a pericardial syndrome characterized by compression of the heart by the exudate accumulating within the pericardial space and impairing diastolic filling and cardiac output. Pericardial diseases of any aetiology but also haemorrhage during interventional procedures may cause tamponade. If pericardial effusion accumulates slowly, 2000 mL or more could be tolerated (unless precipitated by dehydration, loop diuretics, vasodilators, anticoagulants, or thrombolytics), but acute accumulation of more than 250 mL is fatal.

scholarly journals Cardiac Tamponade in a Patient with Primary Hypothyroidism

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
R Katyayini ◽  
R Chikkananjaiah
Keyword(s):  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Cardiac Tamponade ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Elderly Female ◽  
Pericardial Space ◽  
Multisystem Involvement ◽  
Mild Hypothyroidism

ABSTRACT Hypothyroidism is a common disease with multisystem involvement. It may present clinically in various forms.Pericardial effusion (PE) is one of the cardiovascular manifestation. Pericardial effusion is the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space. The occurrence of pericardial effusion in hypothyroidism appears to be frequent manifestation of severe myxedema, than in mild hypothyroidism. The incidence of pericardial effusion in hypothyroidism is 3 to 6%. However, the incidence of cardiac tamponade in patients with hypothyroidism is rare event. The slow accumulation of liquid in the pericardial space leads to the rarity of hemodynamic premonitory signs, even in presence of large effusions. In this article, we report an elderly female presented with features of hypothyroidism and pericardial effusion which rapidly developed into cardiac tamponade. She did not have premonitory hemodynamic signs. How to cite this article Katyayini R, Rekha NH, Chikkananjaiah R. Cardiac Tamponade in a Patient with Primary Hypothyroidism. J Med Sci 2015;1(1):7-9.

scholarly journals Malignant pericardial effusion complicated by cardiac tamponade under atezolizumab

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2110360
Author(s):  
Lardinois Benjamin ◽  
Goeminne Jean-Charles ◽  
Miller Laurence ◽  
Randazzo Adrien ◽  
Laurent Terry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Cardiac Tamponade ◽  
Cardiac Toxicity ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Pericardial Fluid ◽  
Malignant Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Typical Cell ◽  
High Fluorescence ◽  
Tomography Scan

Immune-related adverse events including cardiac toxicity are increasingly described in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. We described a malignant pericardial effusion complicated by a cardiac tamponade in an advanced non-small cell lung cancer patient who had received five infusions of atezolizumab, a PDL-1 monoclonal antibody, in combination with cabozantinib. The definitive diagnosis was quickly made by cytology examination showing typical cell abnormalities and high fluorescence cell information provided by the hematology analyzer. The administration of atezolizumab and cabozantinib was temporarily discontinued due to cardiogenic hepatic failure following cardiac tamponade. After the re-initiation of the treatment, pericardial effusion relapsed. In this patient, the analysis of the pericardial fluid led to the final diagnosis of pericardial tumor progression. This was afterwards confirmed by the finding of proliferating intrapericardial tissue by computed tomography scan and ultrasound. This report emphasizes the value of cytology analysis performed in a hematology laboratory as an accurate and immediate tool for malignancy detection in pericardial effusions.

scholarly journals Pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade requiring pericardial window in an otherwise healthy 30-year-old patient with COVID-19: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Walker ◽  
Vincent Peyko ◽  
Charles Farrell ◽  
Jeanine Awad-Spirtos ◽  
Matthew Adamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Cardiac Tamponade ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Healthy Woman ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Pericardial Window ◽  
Acute Pericarditis ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background This case report demonstrates pericardial effusion, acute pericarditis, and cardiac tamponade in an otherwise healthy woman who had a positive test result for coronavirus disease 2019. Few case reports have been documented on patients with this presentation, and it is important to share novel presentations of the disease as they are discovered. Case presentation A Caucasian patient with coronavirus disease 2019 returned to the emergency department of our hospital 2 days after her initial visit with worsening chest pain and shortness of breath. Imaging revealed new pericardial effusion since the previous visit. The patient became hypotensive, was taken for pericardial window for cardiac tamponade with a drain placed, and was treated for acute pericarditis. Conclusion Much is still unknown about the implications of coronavirus disease 2019. With the novel coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, research is still in process, and we are slowly learning about new signs and symptoms of the disease. This case report documents a lesser-known presentation of a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 and will help to further understanding of a rare presentation.

Cardiac tamponade as an unusual initial presentation of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cardiac Tamponade ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Thoracic Esophagus ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Esophagus

Pericardial effusions leading to cardiac tamponade have previously been described with esophageal cancer. However, up to eighty percent of these cases have been reported in association with chemotherapy and radiation. Patients with esophageal cancer seldom initially present with pericardial effusion resulting from esophageal pericardial fistula (EPF). Herein, we present the case of a 62-year-old man who presented with pericardial effusion with an unknown etiology at presentation. Subsequently, the patient developed cardiac tamponade and was referred to the tertiary hospital for further evaluation. Computed tomography of the chest revealed a circumferential irregular enhancing lesion at the mid-thoracic esophagus suspecting esophageal cancer with EPF and a moderate amount of pericardial effusion. The patient underwent esophagoscopy and squamous cell carcinoma was found from the esophageal biopsy. An esophageal stent was successfully placed to conceal the perforation. Eventually, the patient died 13 days after admission complicated by refractory septic shock. This case highlights an atypical presentation of esophageal cancer and an unusual cause of cardiac tamponade.

Unsuspected Malignant Pericardial Effusion Causing Cardiac Tamponade

CHEST Journal ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank E. Johnson ◽  
Michael K. Wolverson ◽  
Murali Sundaram ◽  
Elisabeth Heiberg
Keyword(s):  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Cardiac Tamponade ◽  
Malignant Pericardial Effusion
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document