Differential arterial blood flow response of splanchnic and renal organs during low-intensity cycling exercise in women

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (5) ◽  
pp. H2322-H2326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masako Yamaoka Endo ◽  
Rie Suzuki ◽  
Naomi Nagahata ◽  
Naoyuki Hayashi ◽  
Akira Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Flow Response ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
The Right ◽  
Splenic Vessels

To investigate the regional hemodynamic responses of abdominal arteries at the onset of exercise and to focus on their transient responses, eight female subjects (21–30 yr) performed ergometer cycling exercise at 40 W for 4 min in a semi-supine position. Mean blood velocities (MBVs) in the right renal (RA), superior mesenteric (SMA), and splenic (SA) arteries were measured by pulsed echo-Doppler ultrasonography, with beat-by-beat measurements of heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). The vascular resistance index (RI) of each artery was calculated from MBV/MAP. MAP (76 ± 9 to 83 ± 8 mmHg at 4 min) and HR (60 ± 7 to 101 ± 9 beats/min at 4 min) increased during exercise ( P < 0.05). The MBV of RA and SA rapidly decreased after the onset of exercise (30 s; −19 ± 5% and −19 ± 12%, respectively), reaching −27 ± 7% and −27 ± 15% at the end of exercise ( P < 0.05). RI did not change during the initial 30 s of exercise, reflecting a reduction in MAP, and increased toward the end of the exercise (+55 ± 21% and +59 ± 39%, respectively). In contrast, both the MBV and RI in the SMA remained constant throughout the exercise. The results indicate that, whereas the responses of renal and splenic vessels changed similarly throughout the protocol, the vascular response of SMA that mainly supplies blood to the intestinal tract was unchanged during exercise. We, therefore, conclude that low-intensity cycling exercise resulted in differential blood flow responses in arteries supplying the abdominal organs.

Ocular Findings in Infants Treated With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator Support

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-564
Author(s):  
Martin C. Patrias ◽  
I. Matthew Rabinowicz ◽  
Michael D. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Venous Congestion ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Membrane Oxygenator ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Ocular Complications ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cerebral Venous Congestion

Eleven infants treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenator support were examined for ocular complications. Four patients were noted to have retinal and external ocular vascular changes on the left but not on the right. These unilateral findings are believed to be related to right common carotid and internal jugular occlusion. The proposed mechanism involves three factors: cerebral venous congestion, impairment of cerebral and possibly retinal arterial autoregulation, and higher cerebral arterial blood flow on the left compared with the right.

Right and left ventricular oxygen metabolism in open-chest dogs

1982 ◽  
Vol 243 (5) ◽  
pp. H761-H766 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kusachi ◽  
O. Nishiyama ◽  
K. Yasuhara ◽  
D. Saito ◽  
S. Haraoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Coronary Sinus ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Open Chest ◽  
O2 Extraction ◽  
Cardiac Veins ◽  
The Right

A comparison of blood flow and myocardial O2 consumption (MVO2) in the right and left ventricles was made in 21 open-chest dogs. Simultaneous measurements were made of left anterior descending (LAD) and right coronary arterial blood flow and of O2 saturation in the coronary sinus and in from one to four anterior cardiac veins. Blood flow was greater in the LAD than in the right coronary artery, 87 +/- 5 vs. 46 +/- 3 ml.min-1.100 g-1. Similarly, the O2 saturation was 51 +/- 3% in the anterior cardiac veins and 40 +/- 1% in the coronary sinus. In a subset of seven dogs, the O2 saturation in blood from anterior cardiac veins varied substantially from vein to vein. The mean MVO2 was greater for the left than for the right ventricle, 8.6 +/- 1.4 vs. 4.0 +/- 0.3 ml O2.min-1,100 g-1. Increases in LAD flow with no increase in O2 extraction accounted for enhanced MVO2 of the left ventricle due to pacing, isoproterenol, or methoxamine. In contrast, pacing, isoproterenol, or constriction of the pulmonary artery increased MVO2 of the right ventricle by both augmented O2 extraction and a rise in right coronary blood flow. We conclude that right coronary arterial blood flow is lower per 100 g tissue and is less dependent on MVO2 than is LAD blood flow. The heterogeneity of O2 saturation in anterior cardiac veins suggests that regional differences in MVO2 may exist.

scholarly journals A Doppler ultrasonographic study of cyclic changes of ovarian perfusion in the Beagle bitch

Reproduction ◽  
2001 ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Koster ◽  
C Poulsen Nautrup ◽  
AR Gunzel-Apel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Pulsed Doppler ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pulsed Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Cyclic Changes

Changes in intraovarian arterial blood flow were monitored by means of colour-coded and pulsed Doppler ultrasonography in Beagle bitches during the normal oestrous cycle (n = 11) and pregnancy (n = 3), and at PGF(2alpha)-induced luteolysis (n = 4). The ultrasonographic findings were related to the reproductive stage of the bitch, as determined by vaginoscopical and cytological criteria, and by the concentrations of oestradiol, LH and progesterone in peripheral blood plasma. Colour-coded Doppler ultrasonography was used to visualize and estimate intraovarian vascularization, and pulsed Doppler ultrasonography was used to measure the arterial blood flow. The systolic and diastolic peak velocities, the end-diastolic velocity, and the pulsatility index and resistance index were calculated for quantitative analysis of the Doppler waveforms. Intraovarian perfusion increased gradually during pro-oestrus. A marked enhancement of intraovarian colouring and blood flow velocities, and a decline in the indices for pulsatility and resistance were observed in the preovulatory period. Maximum perfusion was observed at ovulation and during the early luteal phase. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were detected for the values of all calculated Doppler parameters 2 days before and 2 days after ovulation. Intraovarian blood flow decreased gradually in accordance with luteal regression. Treatment with PGF(2alpha) caused a distinct decline in luteal activity and a concomitant reduction in intraovarian perfusion. The values of blood flow parameters found during the luteal phase of pregnant bitches were comparable to those of the normocyclic bitches. Doppler ultrasonography of the intraovarian arteries in bitches provides complementary information about cyclic changes of ovarian function.

Catheter-tip flowmeter for coronary arterial flow in closed-chest dogs

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1199-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz P. Pieper
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pulsatile Flow ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Closed Chest ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Catheter Tip ◽  
The Right

The design of a catheter-tip flowmeter for the measurement of coronary arterial blood flow in closed-chest dogs is presented. The miniaturized flowmeter is attached to the tip of a rigid catheter which is inserted through the right carotid artery. The flowmeter is placed in the ascending aorta where it measures the inflow into the left coronary artery. Performance tests show the reliability of the instrument for the measurement of pulsatile flow. pulsatile flow Submitted on February 3, 1964

scholarly journals Assessment of maternal cerebral blood flow in patients with preeclampsia

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Mandic ◽  
Zeljko Mikovic` ◽  
Milan Djukic ◽  
Mladenko Vasiljevic ◽  
Dejan Filimonovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Arterial Blood

Introduction Systemic vasoconstrktion in preeclamptic patients increases vascular resistance, and is manifested by increased arterial blood flow velocity. The aim of the study is to evaluate if there is a change of Doppler indices in maternal medial cerbral artery (MCA) in severe preeclampsia due to: 1) severity of clinical symptoms, 2) the beginning of eclamptic attack and 3) the application of anticonvidsive therapy. Material and methods A prospective clinical study included 92 pregnant women, gestational age 28-36 weeks. They were divided into three groups: normotensive (n=30), mild preeclampsia (n=33), and severe preeclampsia (n=29). We investigated maternal cerebral circulation by assessing the MCA. We registrated: pulsatility index (Pi), resistance index (Ri), Systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D), and the maximum systolic, end diastolic and medium velocity. Patients with severe preeclampsia were divided into two subgroups: subgroup 1 included patients without symptoms of threatening eclampsia (n=18; 62.06%); while subgroup 2 included those with symptoms of preeclampsia (n=11; 37.94%). All patients with severe preeclampsia were treated with magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), and cerebral blood flow was measured before and after the treatment. Statistical analysis was done by oneway ANOVA, Student t-test and t-paired sample test. The difference was considered to be significant if p < 0.05. Results Significantly increased Pi, Ri and all velocities were established in the group of patients with severe preeclampsia compared with the other two groups. In the group with severe preeclamsia we registrated significantly increased values of all velocities (patients with signs of threatening eclampsia). After MgSO4 treatment in patients with severe preeclampsia significantly decreased values of Pi, Ri, S/D ratio and all velocities were registered. Discussion In the studied group of patients with severe preclampsia we found increased velocity values, Pi and Ri, especially in patients with signs of threatened eclampsia, suggesting that blood vessels changes are most prominent in severe preeclampsia. Cerebral blood flow measurements can be used as a clinical test for the prediction of eclampsia. Magnesium-sulfate (MgSO4) has a significant role in prophylaxis and treatment of eclampsia, and, therefore, positive influence on reduction of cerebral ishemic lesions can be expected. Conclusion We can conclude that changes of the cerebral blood flow can be evaluated by evaluating blood flow velocities in the medial cerebral artery. Velocities tend to increase in severe preeclampsia, especially with signs of threatening eclampsia, and decrease after treatment with magnesium sulfate. Serial measurements of blood flow in medial cerebral artery in patients with severe preeclampsia may be used in prediction of eclampsia and in evaluation of magnesium sulfate therapy effects.

scholarly journals Differential blood flow responses of abdominal organs during low‐intensity cycling exercise in humans

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masako Endo ◽  
Rie Suzuki ◽  
Naomi Nagahata ◽  
Akira Miura ◽  
Shunsaku Koga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Exercise In Humans

scholarly journals Doppler ultrasound can be used to monitor umbilical arterial blood flow in lightly sedated pigs at multiple gestational ages

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Stenhouse ◽  
Peter Tennant ◽  
W. Colin Duncan ◽  
Cheryl J. Ashworth
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Blood

Doppler ultrasound was performed under moderate sedation (ketamine and azaperone) for 30 min to monitor umbilical arterial (UA) blood flow in one uterine horn of Large White × Landrace gilts (n = 23) at Gestational Days (GD) 30, 45, 60 and 90. Gilts were scanned before they were killed to examine relationships between litter size, sex ratio and five UA parameters (peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), A/B (PSV to EDV) ratio, fetal heart rate (FHR) and resistance index (RI)). In gilts in which scans were obtained from all fetuses in the scanned horn, relationships between UA parameters, and fetal weight and sex were examined. A subset of gilts were sedated, scanned and recovered (SSR) earlier in gestation (GD30 or GD45) to assess the effects of sedation on later fetal development by comparison with control litters (no previous sedation). Temporal changes were observed in all UA parameters (P ≤ 0.001). At GD60 and GD90, FHR decreased with increasing duration of sedation (P ≤ 0.001). Sex ratio and fetal weight affected UA blood flow, whereas litter size and fetal sex did not. SSR at GD30 and GD45 was associated with decreased fetal weight at GD60 (P ≤ 0.001) and GD90 (P = 0.06) respectively, compared with controls. These results suggest maternal sedation during gestation affects fetal development, which should be investigated further. Measuring UA blood flow in growth-restricted porcine fetuses throughout gestation may be feasible.

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