Comparison of heart rate measurement protocols used during autonomic function tests

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 516-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Baun ◽  
A. Jackson ◽  
R. W. Patton ◽  
P. B. Raven
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Autonomic Changes ◽  
Hand Test ◽  
Averaging Time

The five most used cold pressor test heart rate protocols were compared to the true R-R interval responses recorded during a cold hand test. Forty-one nonsmoking male volunteers between 18 and 55 yr were given a cold hand pressor test. Heart rate was evaluated by averaging the R-R interval within 2-, 5-, 6-, 10-, and 30-s time intervals and by the true R-R interval measurement. No significant physiological differences existed at rest; however, during stress the maximum values obtained were successively diminished the greater the time utilized to average the heart rate pressure (P less than 0.05). During recovery an underestimation of the true response was observed that increased as the averaging time increased (P less than 0.05). Comparison between the R-R interval measure and the 6-s average data indicated a 18% decrease in the time of peak response. Therefore, the responses recorded with the 6-s averaged data were less sensitive and obscured the rapidity of autonomic changes. Hence, when sensitivity and absolute response are a primary concern in determining autonomic function, measurements should include R-R interval measures of heart rate or the average of the number of R-R intervals in 2-s time blocks.

Defective Reflex Control of Heart Rate in Dialysis Patients: Evidence for an Afferent Autonomic Lesion

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Zoccali ◽  
M. Ciccarelli ◽  
Q. Maggiore
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Valsalva Manoeuvre ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Reflex Control ◽  
Deep Breathing Test

1. To localize the site of autonomic abnormality in patients undergoing haemodialysis, tests of overall autonomic function based on either changes in blood pressure (posture, sustained handgrip) or heart rate (Valsalva manoeuvre, 30:15 ratio, deep breathing test) were used. Integrity of the sympathetic efferent arc was examined by using the cold pressor test and the parasympathetic efferent arc by the atropine test. Eighteen patients and 12 control subjects were studied. 2. Changes in blood pressure on standing, sustained handgrip and in the cold pressor test were the same in the two groups. 3. In contrast, 11 patients had abnormal results in at least two of the three heart-rate-based tests. 4. Three of the 11 dialysis patients with evidence of autonomic involvement showed abnormal responses to atropine, indicating an efferent parasympathetic lesion, whereas the majority had a normal response to the atropine test, suggesting an afferent lesion only. 5. Evidence of autonomic involvement was not associated with hypertension nor confined to patients with dialysis hypotension.

scholarly journals Contactless analysis of heart rate variability during cold pressor test using radar interferometry and bidirectional LSTM networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kilin Shi ◽  
Tobias Steigleder ◽  
Sven Schellenberger ◽  
Fabian Michler ◽  
Anke Malessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Contactless Measurement ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Bidirectional Lstm ◽  
Lstm Network

AbstractContactless measurement of heart rate variability (HRV), which reflects changes of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and provides crucial information on the health status of a person, would provide great benefits for both patients and doctors during prevention and aftercare. However, gold standard devices to record the HRV, such as the electrocardiograph, have the common disadvantage that they need permanent skin contact with the patient. Being connected to a monitoring device by cable reduces the mobility, comfort, and compliance by patients. Here, we present a contactless approach using a 24 GHz Six-Port-based radar system and an LSTM network for radar heart sound segmentation. The best scores are obtained using a two-layer bidirectional LSTM architecture. To verify the performance of the proposed system not only in a static measurement scenario but also during a dynamic change of HRV parameters, a stimulation of the ANS through a cold pressor test is integrated in the study design. A total of 638 minutes of data is gathered from 25 test subjects and is analysed extensively. High F-scores of over 95% are achieved for heartbeat detection. HRV indices such as HF norm are extracted with relative errors around 5%. Our proposed approach is capable to perform contactless and convenient HRV monitoring and is therefore suitable for long-term recordings in clinical environments and home-care scenarios.

Variability of the haemodynamic responses to laboratory tests employed in assessment of neural cardiovascular regulation in man

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Parati ◽  
Guido Pomidossi ◽  
Agustin Ramirez ◽  
Bruno Cesana ◽  
Giuseppe Mancia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Cardiovascular Regulation ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Carotid Baroreceptor ◽  
Baroreceptor Stimulation

1. In man evaluation of neural cardiovascular regulation makes use of a variety of tests which address the excitatory and reflex inhibitory neural influences that control circulation. Because interpretation of these tests is largely based on the magnitude of the elicited haemodynamic responses, their reproducibility in any given subject is critical. 2. In 39 subjects with continuous blood pressure (intra-arterial catheter) and heart rate monitoring we measured (i) the blood pressure and heart rate rises during hand-grip and cold-pressor test, (ii) the heart rate changes occurring during baroreceptor stimulation and deactivation by injection of phenylephrine and trinitroglycerine, and (iii) the heart rate and blood pressure changes occurring with alteration in carotid baroreceptor activity by a neck chamber. Each test was carefully standardized and performed at 30 min intervals for a total of six times in each subject. 3. The results showed that the responses to any test were clearly different from one another and that this occurred in all subjects studied. For the group as a whole the average response variability (coefficient of variation) ranged from 10.2% for the blood pressure response to carotid baroreceptor stimulation to 44.2% for the heart rate response to cold-pressor test. The variability of the responses was not related to basal blood pressure or heart rate, nor to the temporal sequence of the test performance. 4. Thus tests employed for studying neural cardiovascular control in man produce responses whose reproducibility is limited. This phenomenon may make it more difficult to define the response magnitude typical of each subject, as well as its comparison in different conditions and diseases.

Effects of the cold pressor test on short-term fluctuations of finger arterial blood pressure and heart rate in normal subjects

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Weise ◽  
Dominique Laude ◽  
Arlette Girard ◽  
Philippe Zitoun ◽  
Jean-Philippe Siché ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Arterial Blood
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