The Role of Family Disintegration in Piracy of Electronic Games “A Field Study”

Purpose: Recognizing the technological effects of family disintegration. Method: Human field: a sample of the dangerous electronic games players, including "4" players who are still alive, and "5" players who committed suicide. Methods and Tools: The Case study method, Ethnographic method, Descriptive approach, and Interview. The research type is Analytic, and the theoretical framework is Postmodernism Theory. Originality: The researcher tries to provide a comprehensive view of how electronic games piracy on their players and pushes them to suicide, in the presence of the family disintegration element. Findings: family disintegration was the main reason for children’s addiction to electronic games. Thus, electronic games were like escaping from reality and living in imagination, and spending free time. Also, electronic games were a means that absorbed the negative charge and feelings of anger among the children instead of the family. There are many types of piracy on players: (programming for the mind, charging with negative thoughts, threatening to kill parents, an emotional challenge to the teenager, blackmail and intimidation, or with talismans). Conclusion: a person can control another, to the extent that this other person allows this person to control him. Do not allow a game administrator to control you, activate Cybersecurity.

Namere o vakcinisanju dece protiv kovida-19: verodostoјnost informaciјa i emocionalno-kognitivna pobuđenost

The parental decision to vaccinate children presents a specific cognitive and emotional challenge, which is further aggravated by the conditions of the Kovid-19 epidemic and the general discourse on vaccination. It is estimated that the first vaccines for children against Covid-19 will be available in early 2022. In this study, we examined whether emotional-cognitive alertness (ECA) as a consequence of life circumstances due to the epidemic, the assessed credibility of information (CI) from various sources, which is the basis of trust, as well as the general attitude about vaccinating children unrelated to Covid-19, form intentions to vaccinate a child against Kovid-19. The results indicate that the general attitude towards vaccination and ECA are the strongest predictors of the intention to vaccinate a child. This intention is not influenced by the estimated CI representatives of public health, and the connection with the physicians' CI is negative. The epistemic authorities which traditionally represent one of the main supports for parents when deciding on vaccination have an altogether weaker impact than expected.

Testing the Asymmetric Inhibition Model: Frontal EEG Asymmetry Does Not Predict Inhibitory Control of Emotional Distractors

<p>Frontal electroencephalographic (EEG) asymmetry is a reliable marker of psychopathology vulnerability, yet the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. There is accumulating evidence that frontal asymmetry reflects individual differences in ability to use cognitive control to regulate emotional processing. This thesis provides the first test of the asymmetric inhibition model (Grimshaw & Carmel, 2014), which holds that frontal asymmetry reflects ability to engage valence-specific inhibitory control mechanisms supported by dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC): left dlPFC inhibits negative distractors and right dlPFC inhibits positive distractors. Frontal asymmetry was tested as a predictor of ability to inhibit distracting emotional images. Frontal asymmetry was measured at rest and during emotional challenge, which is argued to provide a more powerful measure of individual differences (capability model; Coan, Allen, & McKnight, 2006). Emotional challenge was induced using a stressful serial subtraction task, verified to be effective in Study 1, followed by a silent speech preparation task, during which EEG was recorded. An irrelevant distractor paradigm measured ability to inhibit emotional distraction; participants identified a target letter within a central symbol array while attempting to inhibit positive, negative and neutral peripheral images (Study 2). Overall, positive and negative images were more distracting than neutral images. Critically, neither resting nor emotional challenge frontal asymmetry predicted distraction by positive, negative or neutral images, suggesting that frontal asymmetry does not reflect ability to inhibit irrelevant emotional distractors. Thus, the asymmetric inhibition model was not supported. This thesis provides the first direct test of the relationship between frontal EEG asymmetry and inhibitory control of emotion, paving the way for future explorations into this relationship. These findings add to a growing literature attempting to elucidate the cognitive mechanisms underlying frontal asymmetry in order to better understand the etiology of psychopathology.</p>

Testing the Asymmetric Inhibition Model: Frontal EEG Asymmetry Does Not Predict Inhibitory Control of Emotional Distractors

<p>Frontal electroencephalographic (EEG) asymmetry is a reliable marker of psychopathology vulnerability, yet the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. There is accumulating evidence that frontal asymmetry reflects individual differences in ability to use cognitive control to regulate emotional processing. This thesis provides the first test of the asymmetric inhibition model (Grimshaw & Carmel, 2014), which holds that frontal asymmetry reflects ability to engage valence-specific inhibitory control mechanisms supported by dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC): left dlPFC inhibits negative distractors and right dlPFC inhibits positive distractors. Frontal asymmetry was tested as a predictor of ability to inhibit distracting emotional images. Frontal asymmetry was measured at rest and during emotional challenge, which is argued to provide a more powerful measure of individual differences (capability model; Coan, Allen, & McKnight, 2006). Emotional challenge was induced using a stressful serial subtraction task, verified to be effective in Study 1, followed by a silent speech preparation task, during which EEG was recorded. An irrelevant distractor paradigm measured ability to inhibit emotional distraction; participants identified a target letter within a central symbol array while attempting to inhibit positive, negative and neutral peripheral images (Study 2). Overall, positive and negative images were more distracting than neutral images. Critically, neither resting nor emotional challenge frontal asymmetry predicted distraction by positive, negative or neutral images, suggesting that frontal asymmetry does not reflect ability to inhibit irrelevant emotional distractors. Thus, the asymmetric inhibition model was not supported. This thesis provides the first direct test of the relationship between frontal EEG asymmetry and inhibitory control of emotion, paving the way for future explorations into this relationship. These findings add to a growing literature attempting to elucidate the cognitive mechanisms underlying frontal asymmetry in order to better understand the etiology of psychopathology.</p>

Emotion in non-suicidal self-injury: A contradiction between global self-reports and real-time responses

<p><b>People who engage in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) report doing so largely to manage overwhelming emotions. Prominent theories of NSSI argue that an amplified emotional response system creates the context in which a person chooses to regulate their emotions by engaging in NSSI. In line with these theories, people who engage in NSSI consistently report greater global emotion reactivity and emotion dysregulation than do controls. These global self-reports of emotional functioning also predict the onset and cessation of NSSI, demonstrating their considerable utility in understanding the behaviour. However, global self-reports provide an overall evaluation of one’s average affective experience and so are ill-suited to isolating precise alterations in emotional responding.</b></p> <p>I first establish how best to assess NSSI (Study 1a and 1b). I then leverage experimental affective science and individual differences methodologies to test whether NSSI is characterised by a more reactive and intense emotional response to challenge, and/or whether factors that help to create, modify, and later recall the emotional response are altered in those who engage in NSSI compared with controls. Study 2 compared how young adults with a past-year history of NSSI and controls subjectively and physiologically reacted to, and recovered from, acute stress. Study 3 compared how young adults with a past-year history of NSSI and controls subjectively reacted to both explicit and more ambiguous social exclusion.</p> <p>Consistent with a wealth of research, across both Studies 2 and 3 people with a past-year history of NSSI reported considerably greater global emotion reactivity and emotion dysregulation than did controls. However, counter to predictions, both the NSSI and Control groups showed similar patterns of real-time emotional responding to both acute stress (Study 2) and social exclusion (Study 3), providing no evidence that NSSI is characterised by an amplified response to emotional challenge. In addition, we found no evidence that emotional recovery, emotion regulation strategy use, memory of emotional experience, or appraisal—all factors that shape the emotional response—operate differently in those who engage in NSSI. Focusing on how people make global self-reports, exploratory reanalysis of Study 2 and 3 suggests that people with no history of NSSI draw from their real-time experiences of acute (but not mild) emotional challenge when making judgements about their global emotion dysregulation. In contrast, people who engage in NSSI appear to rely on different channels of information when reporting their global emotion dysregulation.</p> <p>Overall, this thesis demonstrates that, despite reporting considerably poorer global emotional functioning, people who engage in NSSI show largely typical responses to real-time emotional challenges. Given that global self-reports of emotional functioning appear to be critical for understanding NSSI onset and cessation, the discrepancy between global self-reports and measures of real-time responding highlights the complexity of the relationship between emotion and NSSI. To advance our understanding of emotional responding in NSSI, research should: a) establish the conditions (if any) under which people who engage in NSSI show amplified emotional responding, and b) isolate the psychological processes that underlie the experience of poorer global emotional functioning reported by people who engage in NSSI.</p>

Emotion in non-suicidal self-injury: A contradiction between global self-reports and real-time responses

<p><b>People who engage in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) report doing so largely to manage overwhelming emotions. Prominent theories of NSSI argue that an amplified emotional response system creates the context in which a person chooses to regulate their emotions by engaging in NSSI. In line with these theories, people who engage in NSSI consistently report greater global emotion reactivity and emotion dysregulation than do controls. These global self-reports of emotional functioning also predict the onset and cessation of NSSI, demonstrating their considerable utility in understanding the behaviour. However, global self-reports provide an overall evaluation of one’s average affective experience and so are ill-suited to isolating precise alterations in emotional responding.</b></p> <p>I first establish how best to assess NSSI (Study 1a and 1b). I then leverage experimental affective science and individual differences methodologies to test whether NSSI is characterised by a more reactive and intense emotional response to challenge, and/or whether factors that help to create, modify, and later recall the emotional response are altered in those who engage in NSSI compared with controls. Study 2 compared how young adults with a past-year history of NSSI and controls subjectively and physiologically reacted to, and recovered from, acute stress. Study 3 compared how young adults with a past-year history of NSSI and controls subjectively reacted to both explicit and more ambiguous social exclusion.</p> <p>Consistent with a wealth of research, across both Studies 2 and 3 people with a past-year history of NSSI reported considerably greater global emotion reactivity and emotion dysregulation than did controls. However, counter to predictions, both the NSSI and Control groups showed similar patterns of real-time emotional responding to both acute stress (Study 2) and social exclusion (Study 3), providing no evidence that NSSI is characterised by an amplified response to emotional challenge. In addition, we found no evidence that emotional recovery, emotion regulation strategy use, memory of emotional experience, or appraisal—all factors that shape the emotional response—operate differently in those who engage in NSSI. Focusing on how people make global self-reports, exploratory reanalysis of Study 2 and 3 suggests that people with no history of NSSI draw from their real-time experiences of acute (but not mild) emotional challenge when making judgements about their global emotion dysregulation. In contrast, people who engage in NSSI appear to rely on different channels of information when reporting their global emotion dysregulation.</p> <p>Overall, this thesis demonstrates that, despite reporting considerably poorer global emotional functioning, people who engage in NSSI show largely typical responses to real-time emotional challenges. Given that global self-reports of emotional functioning appear to be critical for understanding NSSI onset and cessation, the discrepancy between global self-reports and measures of real-time responding highlights the complexity of the relationship between emotion and NSSI. To advance our understanding of emotional responding in NSSI, research should: a) establish the conditions (if any) under which people who engage in NSSI show amplified emotional responding, and b) isolate the psychological processes that underlie the experience of poorer global emotional functioning reported by people who engage in NSSI.</p>

"Are You There, Trademark Law? It's Me, Misogyny."

When I became aware of the emergent body of legal scholarship on menstruation related topics on which this Symposium builds, I thought that the authors of these articles were very brave.1 I’m an imperfect but life-long feminist and accepted the emotional challenge that writing this Essay posed for me out of gratitude to those authors. Because my principal scholarly focus is intellectual property law, I approached the topic through the lens of trademark law. Part One of this article positions this Essay firmly within the contours of the author’s life and personal experiences with menstruation. Part Two maps common trademark and branding practices related to tampons and sanitary napkins. Part Three explains that the Lanham Act does not offer legal mechanisms by which to challenge the federal registration of sexist trademarks. As with racist trademarks, amplified criticism and persistent public pressure are the main mechanisms available to foment positive change in the marketplace for feminine hygiene products.

Sounding a Crip Aesthetic: Transforming the Sonic in Samuel Beckett’s Not I

This article analyzes a recent production of Samuel Beckett’s play Not I performed by Jess Thom, a neurodiverse performer most well known by the moniker Touretteshero. Not I is a monologue of twisting and fragmented text revered for the physical, vocal, and emotional challenge it presents to performers and audiences alike. This article takes up the aesthetic, material, and sonic changes made to the play in the Touretteshero production, which serve to reimagine and reconstruct the “sonic profile” of the work. Together, these changes enact a crip aesthetic that illuminates the often-hidden exclusionary structures that permeate theatrical practice. Specifically, this article describes the material changes made to the production in the service of increased accessibility for performer and audience, how Thom’s vocal tics interact with Beckett’s already fragmented text, and how the production’s integration of sign language interpretation extends how we conceptualize sound. Through this analysis, Thom’s performance emerges as a revolutionary contribution to contemporary disability arts that reimagines the value of disability and the possibilities for sound in performance.

Immersive Virtual Grocery Shopping to Induce and Measure Cognitive Fatigue: A Two-Phase Randomized Control Trial (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Cognitive fatigue (CF) is a human response to stimulation and stress that is a common comorbidity in many medical conditions that can result in serious consequences, yet it is difficult to study under controlled conditions. Immersive virtual reality provides an experimental environment that enables precise measurement of an individual’s response to complex stimuli in a controlled environment. OBJECTIVE We propose to develop an immersive virtual shopping experience to measure subjective and objective indicators of cognitive fatigue induced by an instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). METHODS We propose to recruit 84 healthy participants aged 18-75 for a two-phase study. Phase 1 is a user experience (UX) study to test the software functionality, user interface, and realism of the virtual shopping environment. Phase 2 employs a 3-arm randomized control trial to determine the effect of the immersive environment on fatigue. Participants will be randomized into one of three conditions exploring fatigue response during a typical human activity (grocery shopping) while varying the level of cognitive and emotional challenge. The primary outcome of phase 1 is the experience of user-interface difficulties. The primary outcome of phase 2 is self-reported cognitive fatigue. Core secondary phase two outcomes include subjective cognitive load, change in task performance behavior and eye-tracking. Phase two utilizes within-subjects repeated measures ANOVA to compare pre- and post-fatigue measures under three conditions (control, cognitive challenge, emotional challenge). RESULTS This study was approved by the scientific review committee of the National Institute of Nursing Research and identified as an exempt study by Institutional Review Board of the National Institutes of Health. Data collection will begin Spring 2021. CONCLUSIONS Immersive VR may be a useful research platform for simulating induction of cognitive fatigue associated with the cognitive and emotional challenges of an instrumental activity of daily living.