Reduced blood flow in abdominal viscera measured by Doppler ultrasound during one-legged knee extension

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 709-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Osada ◽  
Toshihito Katsumura ◽  
Takafumi Hamaoka ◽  
Shigeru Inoue ◽  
Kazuki Esaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Common Femoral Artery ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Upper Abdominal

The redistribution of blood flow (BF) in the abdominal viscera during right-legged knee extension-flexion exercise at very low intensity [peak heart rate (HR), 76 beats/min] was examined by using Doppler ultrasound. While sitting, subjects performed a right-legged knee extension-flexion exercise every 6 s for 20 min. BF was measured in the upper abdominal aorta (Ao), right common femoral artery (RCFA), and left common femoral artery (LCFA). Visceral BF (BFVis) was determined by the equation [BFAo − (BFRCFA + BFLCFA)]. A comparison with the change in BF (ΔBF) preexercise showed a greater increase in ΔBFRCFA than in ΔBFAo during exercise. This resulted in a reduction of BFVisto 56% of its preexercise value or a decrease in flow by 1,147 ± 293 (±SE) ml/min at the peak workload. Oxygen consumption correlated positively with ΔBFAo, ΔBFRCFA, and ΔBFLCFA but inversely with ΔBFVis during exercise and recovery. Furthermore, BFVis (% of preexercise value) correlated inversely with both an increase in HR ( r = −0.89), and percent peak oxygen consumption ( r = −0.99). This study demonstrated that, even during very-low-intensity exercise (HR <90 beats/min), there was a significant shift in BF from the viscera to the exercising muscles.

Effect of contraction frequency on leg blood flow during knee extension exercise in humans

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 671-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. Hoelting ◽  
Barry W. Scheuermann ◽  
Thomas J. Barstow
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Muscle Blood Flow ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Contraction Frequency ◽  
Knee Extension Exercise ◽  
Exercise In Humans

Previous studies in isolated muscle preparations have shown that muscle blood flow becomes compromised at higher contraction frequencies. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of increases in contraction frequency and muscle tension on mean blood flow (MBF) during voluntary exercise in humans. Nine male subjects [23.6 ± 3.7 (SD) yr] performed incremental knee extension exercise to exhaustion in the supine position at three contraction frequencies [40, 60, and 80 contractions/min (cpm)]. Mean blood velocity of the femoral artery was determined beat by beat using Doppler ultrasound. MBF was calculated by using the diameter of the femoral artery determined at rest using echo Doppler ultrasound. The work rate (WR) achieved at exhaustion was decreased ( P< 0.05) as contraction frequency increased (40 cpm, 16.2 ± 1.4 W; 60 cpm, 14.8 ± 1.4 W; 80 cpm, 13.2 ± 1.3 W). MBF was similar across the contraction frequencies at rest and during the first WR stage but was higher ( P < 0.05) at 40 than 80 cpm at exercise intensities >5 W. MBF was similar among contraction frequencies at exhaustion. In humans performing knee extension exercise in the supine position, muscle contraction frequency and/or muscle tension development may appreciably affect both the MBF and the amplitude of the contraction-to-contraction oscillations in muscle blood flow.

Kinetics of V̇o2 and femoral artery blood flow during heavy-intensity, knee-extension exercise

2005 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 683-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole D. Paterson ◽  
John M. Kowalchuk ◽  
Donald H. Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Slow Component ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Femoral Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Knee Extension Exercise ◽  
Kinetics Of

It has been suggested that, during heavy-intensity exercise, O2 delivery may limit oxygen uptake (V̇o2) kinetics; however, there are limited data regarding the relationship of blood flow and V̇o2 kinetics for heavy-intensity exercise. The purpose was to determine the exercise on-transient time course of femoral artery blood flow (Q̇leg) in relation to V̇o2 during heavy-intensity, single-leg, knee-extension exercise. Five young subjects performed five to eight repeats of heavy-intensity exercise with measures of breath-by-breath pulmonary V̇o2 and Doppler ultrasound femoral artery mean blood velocity and vessel diameter. The phase 2 time frame for V̇o2 and Q̇leg was isolated and fit with a monoexponent to characterize the amplitude and time course of the responses. Amplitude of the phase 3 response was also determined. The phase 2 time constant for V̇o2 of 29.0 s and time constant for Q̇leg of 24.5 s were not different. The change (Δ) in V̇o2 response to the end of phase 2 of 0.317 l/min was accompanied by a ΔQ̇leg of 2.35 l/min, giving a ΔQ̇leg-to-ΔV̇o2 ratio of 7.4. A slow-component V̇o2 of 0.098 l/min was accompanied by a further Q̇leg increase of 0.72 l/min (ΔQ̇leg-to-ΔV̇o2 ratio = 7.3). Thus the time course of Q̇leg was similar to that of muscle V̇o2 (as measured by the phase 2 V̇o2 kinetics), and throughout the on-transient the amplitude of the Q̇leg increase achieved (or exceeded) the Q̇leg-to-V̇o2 ratio steady-state relationship (ratio ∼4.9). Additionally, the V̇o2 slow component was accompanied by a relatively large rise in Q̇leg, with the increased O2 delivery meeting the increased V̇o2. Thus, in heavy-intensity, single-leg, knee-extension exercise, the amplitude and kinetics of blood flow to the exercising limb appear to be closely linked to the V̇o2 kinetics.

scholarly journals OXYGEN UPTAKE AND RESISTANCE EXERCISE METHODS: THE USE OF BLOOD FLOW RESTRICTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 343-346
Author(s):  
Adenilson Targino de Araújo Júnior ◽  
Maria do Socorro Cirilo-Sousa ◽  
Gabriel Rodrigues Neto ◽  
Rodrigo Poderoso ◽  
Geraldo Veloso Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Intensity Training

ABSTRACT Introduction: The literature has shown that a gap is identified regarding the acute effects of blood flow restriction training on aerobic variables. Objective: to analyze oxygen consumption (VO2) during and after two resistance training sessions: traditional high intensity and low intensity with blood flow restriction. Methods: After one-repetition maximum tests, eight male participants (25.7±3 years) completed the two experimental protocols, separated by 72 hours, in a randomized order: a) high intensity training at 80% of 1RM (HIRE) and b) low intensity training at 20% of 1RM combined with blood flow restriction (LIRE + BFR). Three sets of four exercises (bench press, squat, barbell bent-over row and deadlift) were performed. Oxygen consumption and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption were measured. Results: the data showed statistically significant differences between the traditional high intensity training and low intensity training with blood flow restriction, with higher values for traditional training sessions, except for the last five minutes of the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption. Oxygen consumption measured during training was higher (p = 0.001) for the HIRE (20.32 ± 1.46 mL·kg-1·min-1) compared to the LIRE + BFR (15.65 ± 1.14 mL·kg-1·min-1). Conclusion: Oxygen uptakes rates during and after the exercise sessions were higher for the high intensity training methodology. However, when taking into account the volume of training provided by both methods, these differences were attenuated. Level of Evidence III - Non-consecutive studies, or studies without consistently applied reference stand.

Near-infrared spectroscopy during low-intensity blood flow restriction resistance exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 552-561
Author(s):  
Claudia Mello Meirelles ◽  
Claudio Souza Aguiar Junior ◽  
Paulo Sergio Chagas Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Rest Intervals

Introduction: Low-intensity resistance exercises with blood flow restriction are known to be effective in promoting muscular strength and hypertrophy; however, there is a paucity of evidence on their acute hemodynamic responses. Objective: To compare the changes in muscular oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb), deoxyhemoglobin (HHb) concentrations, and O2 saturation (StO2) during low load exercise under free blood flow (FreeBF) and blood flow restriction (BFR). Methods: Fifteen healthy males were subjected to bilateral knee extension tests under FreeBF and BFR conditions, in a random order. The knee extension exercise included four sets of 15 repetitions at 20% of one-repetition maximum, with 30s interval between the sets. In the BFR condition, subjects exercised with a cuff positioned on the proximal thigh and inflated to 50% of total occlusion pressure. Changes in the O2Hb, HHb, total hemoglobin (tHb), and StO2 in vastus lateralis muscle were monitored using near-infrared spectroscopy. Results: A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA revealed significant main effects for sets for all variables (P < 0.05). Moreover, the values in StO2 during sets 2, 3, and 4 in BFR conditions were significantly lower than those in freeBF. Significant differences were also seen between the exercise conditions during rest intervals for HHb (rest intervals 2, 3, and 4) and tHb (rest interval 3; P < 0.05). There were no significant interactions between conditions and sets or conditions and intervals for O2Hb. Conclusion: Low-intensity resistance exercise performed with BFR significantly decreased the acute muscle StO2 and increased total muscle hemoglobin.

Substantial working muscle glycerol turnover during two-legged cycle ergometry

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (4) ◽  
pp. E950-E957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth A. Wallis ◽  
Anne L. Friedlander ◽  
Kevin A. Jacobs ◽  
Michael A. Horning ◽  
Jill A. Fattor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Cycle Ergometry ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Glycerol Release ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
Glycerol Uptake ◽  
Uptake And Release

We combined tracer and arteriovenous (a-v) balance techniques to evaluate the effects of exercise and endurance training on leg triacylglyceride turnover as assessed by glycerol exchange. Measurements on an exercising leg were taken to be a surrogate for working skeletal muscle. Eight men completed 9 wk of endurance training [5 days/wk, 1 h/day, 75% peak oxygen consumption (V̇o2peak)], with leg glycerol turnover determined during two pretraining trials [45 and 65% V̇o2peak (45% Pre and 65% Pre, respectively)] and two posttraining trials [65% of pretraining V̇o2peak (ABT) and 65% of posttraining V̇o2peak (RLT)] using [2H5]glycerol infusion, femoral a-v sampling, and measurement of leg blood flow. Endurance training increased V̇o2peak by 15% (45.2 ± 1.2 to 52.0 ± 1.8 ml·kg−1·min−1, P < 0.05). At rest, there was tracer-measured leg glycerol uptake (41 ± 8 and 52 ± 15 μmol/min for pre- and posttraining, respectively) even in the presence of small, but significant, net leg glycerol release (−68 ± 19 and −50 ± 13 μmol/min, respectively; P < 0.05 vs. zero). Furthermore, while there was no significant net leg glycerol exchange during any of the exercise bouts, there was substantial tracer-measured leg glycerol turnover during exercise (i.e., simultaneous leg muscle uptake and leg release) (uptake, release: 45% Pre, 194 ± 41, 214 ± 33; 65% Pre, 217 ± 79, 201 ± 84; ABT, 275 ± 76, 312 ± 87; RLT, 282 ± 83, 424 ± 75 μmol/min; all P < 0.05 vs. corresponding rest). Leg glycerol turnover was unaffected by exercise intensity or endurance training. In summary, simultaneous leg glycerol uptake and release (indicative of leg triacylglyceride turnover) occurs despite small or negligible net leg glycerol exchange, and furthermore, leg glycerol turnover can be substantially augmented during exercise.

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