Muscarinic receptor blockade causes postcontraction enhancement in corticospinal excitability following maximal contractions

2021 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 1269-1278
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Dempsey ◽  
Justin J. Kavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Muscle Contractions ◽  
Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Weak Muscle ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between motor function and cholinergic circuitry in the central nervous system is complex. Although many studies have approached this issue at the cellular level, few studies have examined cholinergic mechanisms in humans performing muscle contractions. This study demonstrates that blockade of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors enhances motor evoked potentials (elicited with transcranial magnetic stimulation) following strong muscle contractions, but not weak muscle contractions.

scholarly journals ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR THE MODULATION OF ACETYLCHOLINE RELEASE BY ENDOGENOUS ACETYLCHOLINE IN THE COCKROACH CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

1993 ◽  
Vol 175 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-311
Author(s):  
H. Le Corronc ◽  
B. Hue
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Negative Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Presynaptic Muscarinic Receptors ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Biochemical studies of the central nervous system (CNS) of locusts (Breer and Knipper, 1984; Knipper and Breer, 1988) have provided evidence for a muscarinic negative feedback mechanism in which muscarinic antagonists and agonists, respectively, enhance and decrease the acetylcholine (ACh) output. More recently, this inhibitory action of presynaptic muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChrs) has been demonstrated in cockroach (Hue et al. 1989; Le Corronc et al. 1991) and in tobacco hornworm (Trimmer and Weeks, 1989) using electrophysiological methods. However, in insects, most experiments have not been performed under physiological conditions but in the presence of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors or exogenous agonists. The aim of this study was to determine whether the release of ACh at a central synapse in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana, could be modulated by endogenous ACh acting on presynaptic muscarinic receptors.

Evaluación Cognitiva Montreal y consumo de alcohol: Un diagnóstico descriptivo del deterioro cognitivo en estudiantes universitarios de Durango, México

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Karla Liliana Pérez-Sosa ◽  
Edgar Felipe Lares-Bayona
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probabilistic Study ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Relationship

Alcohol is a toxic substance associated with acute and chronic disorders affecting the Central Nervous System and significantly altering brain function. Objective: To determine the relationship between cognitive impairment and alcohol consumption in university students of the Juárez University of the State of Durango. Methodology: It is a cross-sectional, descriptive, comparative, non-probabilistic study, for convenience. A database was designed on the results obtained in a clinical interview on alcohol consumption and the application of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. Contribution: The evaluation of cognitive functions show similar results, the male sex presented a better score in Attention and the female one in Orientation. More involvement was identified in the Deferred Memory functions in both groups. In relation to alcohol consumption, the cognitive functions evaluated show lower levels. The female gender was more evident cognitive impairment in relation to alcohol consumption being statistically significant (p <0.025). Alcohol consumption is a risky behavior that deserves to be recognized by the main actors about neurocognitive effects. Alcohol consumption prevention programs and cognitive diagnostic tools are appropriate strategies to reduce risk behaviors in mental health.

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