Arteriovenous Pairing: a Determinant of Capillary Exchange

Physiology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman R. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Capillary Permeability ◽  
Capillary Flow ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Microvascular Function ◽  
Metabolic Demand ◽  
Capillary Exchange

Venuloarteriolar signaling helps mediate microvascular function and dysfunction. Mediators produced at venular sites of inflammation appear to constrict arterioles and increase capillary permeability. In contrast, venules beneficially dilate arterioles to enhance capillary flow according to metabolic demand. These mechanisms are altered with cardiovascular risk factors, contributing to microvascular complications.

Are all people with diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors or microvascular complications at very high risk? Findings from the Risk and Prevention Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Marzona ◽  
◽  
Fausto Avanzini ◽  
Giuseppe Lucisano ◽  
Mauro Tettamanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Very High

Cardiometabolic and traditional cardiovascular risk factors and their potential impact on macrovascular and microvascular function: Preliminary data

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Gayda ◽  
Martin Juneau ◽  
Jean-Claude Tardif ◽  
François Harel ◽  
Sylvie Levesque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Microvascular Function ◽  
Potential Impact

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Cardiovascular Risk in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrida Stankute ◽  
Rimante Dobrovolskiene ◽  
Evalda Danyte ◽  
Dovile Razanskaite-Virbickiene ◽  
Edita Jasinskiene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Hba1c Concentration

Cardiovascular risk and obesity are becoming major health issues among individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular risk factors and obesity in youth with T1D in Lithuania. Methods. 883 patients under 25 years of age with T1D for at least 6 months were investigated. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and microvascular complications were evaluated, and the lipid profile and HbA1c were determined for all patients. Results. Study subjects’ mean HbA1c was 8.5±2%; 19.5% were overweight and 3.6% obese. Hypertension and dyslipidemia were diagnosed in 29.8% and 62.6% of participants, respectively. HbA1c concentration was directly related to levels of total cholesterol (r=0.274, p<0.001), LDL (r=0.271, p<0.001), and triglycerides (r=0.407, p<0.001) and inversely associated with levels of HDL (r=0.117, p=0.001). Prevalence of dyslipidemia increased with duration of diabetes (p<0.05). Hypertension was more prevalent in overweight and obese compared to normal-weight patients (40.6 and 65.6 vs. 25.6%, respectively, p<0.001). Frequency of microvascular complications was higher among patients with dyslipidemia (27.2 vs. 18.8%, p=0.005) and among those with hypertension (25.9 vs. 23.2%, p<0.001). Conclusion. The frequency of cardiovascular risk factors is high in youth with T1D and associated with diabetes duration, obesity, and metabolic control.

scholarly journals The effects of aging and cardiovascular risk factors on microvascular function assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 103911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Vieira de Oliveira ◽  
Rogério Nogueira Soares ◽  
Mônica Volino-Souza ◽  
Renata Leitão ◽  
Juan Manuel Murias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Microvascular Function ◽  
Effects Of Aging

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk factors as determinants of retinal and skin microvascular function: The Maastricht Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e0187324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben M. Sörensen ◽  
Alfons J. H. M. Houben ◽  
Tos T. J. M. Berendschot ◽  
Jan S. A. G. Schouten ◽  
Abraham A. Kroon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Microvascular Function

Microvascular dysfunction and pulse wave reflection characterize different vascular pathologies in patients at cardiovascular risk

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fischer-Rasokat ◽  
Spyridopoulos ◽  
Walter ◽  
Honold ◽  
M. Zeiher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Wave Reflection ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Microvascular Function ◽  
Pulse Wave Reflection

Background: Endothelial function and arterial pulse wave reflections play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. While the endothelium-dependent reactive hyperemia index (RHI) of the digital arteries is considered as a marker of microvascular function, an increased augmentation index (AI) may indicate beginning macrovascular damage. In this study we assessed the interrelationships among these noninvasive measures of vascular function. Patients and methods: In 178 all-comer patients with documented cardiovascular risk factors (22 % female; 65 % coronary artery disease, CAD), we measured radial AI (rAI) by radial applanation tonometry and digital AI (dAI) as well as RHI by using fingertip peripheral arterial tonometry. A modified SMART risk score was calculated in all participants based on cardiovascular risk factors and preexisting vascular disease. Results: dAI and rAI demonstrated a significant and robust overall correlation (Pearson rank coefficient r = 0.63, p < 0.01), which was not affected by age, sex, diabetes mellitus and CAD. In contrast, both parameters demonstrated at most a weak correlation (dAI: r = 0.26, p < 0.01 and rAI: r = 0.12, p = 0.10) with microvascular function (RHI). While dAI and rAI were significantly correlated to female sex, age, low body height, low heart rate and the presence of CAD, RHI was associated with the presence of diabetes mellitus and nicotine use. Finally, only microvascular function was associated with the modified SMART risk score, but not augmentation indices. Conclusions: RHI and increased pulse wave reflection appear to represent two distinct vascular pathologies in patients with cardiovascular risk. In contrast, RHI might be useful to identify patients at highest cardiovascular risk once atherosclerotic disease has been diagnosed.

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