Applications of ED-XRF Technology to On-Line Analysis

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Geoffrey R. Gunning
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Industrial Manufacturing ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Analysis

On-line analysis is a valuable tool for many industrial manufacturing processes. Real-time analytical results allow immediate control of a manufacturing process, giving significant improvements in product quality, and reductions in product wastage and labor.

On-line Flow Cytometry for Real-time Surgical Guidance

Neurosurgery ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Mesiwala ◽  
Louis D. Scampavia ◽  
Peter S. Rabinovitch ◽  
Jaromir Ruzicka ◽  
Robert C. Rostomily
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Surgical Decision ◽  
Surgical Guidance ◽  
On Line ◽  
Surgical Decision Making ◽  
Line Analysis

Abstract OBJECTIVE: This study tests the feasibility of using on-line analysis of tissue during surgical resection of brain tumors to provide biologically relevant information in a clinically relevant time frame to augment surgical decision making. For the purposes of establishing feasibility, we used measurement of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content as the end point for analysis. METHODS: We investigated the feasibility of interfacing an ultrasonic aspiration (USA) system with a flow cytometer (FC) capable of analyzing DNA content (DNA-FC). The sampling system design, tissue preparation requirements, and time requirements for each step of the on-line analysis system were determined using fresh beef brain tissue samples. We also compared DNA-FC measurements in 28 nonneoplastic human brain samples with DNA-FC measurements in specimens of 11 glioma patients obtained from central tumor regions and surgical margins after macroscopically gross total tumor removal to estimate the potential for analysis of a biological marker to influence surgical decision making. RESULTS: With minimal modification, modern FC systems are fully capable of real-time, intraoperative analysis of USA specimens. The total time required for on-line analysis of USA specimens varies between 36 and 63 seconds; this time includes delivery from the tip of the USA to complete analysis of the specimen. Approximately 60% of this time is required for equilibration of the DNA stain. When compared with values for nonneoplastic human brain samples, 50% of samples (10 of 20) from macroscopically normal glioma surgical margins contained DNA-FC abnormalities potentially indicating residual tumor. CONCLUSION: With an interface of existing technologies, DNA content of brain tissue samples can be analyzed in a meaningful time frame that has the potential to provide real-time information for surgical guidance. The identification of DNA content abnormalities in macroscopically normal tumor resection margins by DNA-FC supports the practical potential for on-line analysis of a tumor marker to guide surgical resections. The development of such a device would provide neurosurgeons with an objective method for intraoperative analysis of a clinically relevant biological parameter that can be measured in real time.

Additive Manufacturing Process and Their Applications for Green Technology

2019 ◽  
pp. 262-281
Author(s):  
Keshavamurthy R. ◽  
Vijay Tambrallimath ◽  
Prabhakar Kuppahalli ◽  
Sekhar N.
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Aerospace Industry ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Additive Process ◽  
Industrial Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing

Growth of nature is an additive process that gives sustainable existence to the structures developed; on the other hand, traditional manufacturing techniques can be wasteful as they are subtractive. Additive manufacturing produces almost nil waste and accordingly preserves raw materials resulting in cost reduction for the procurement of the same. It will also cut down on the carbon emissions that are usually generated from industrial manufacturing. Additive printed objects are lighter as well, making them more efficient, especially when used in the automobile and aerospace industry. Further, the intrinsic characteristics and the promising merits of additive manufacturing process are expected to provide a solution to improve the sustainability of the process. This chapter comprehensively reports on various additive manufacturing processes and their sustainable applications for green technology. The state of the art, opportunities, and future, related to sustainable applications of additive manufacturing have been presented at length.

Computational Geometric Solutions for Efficient Additive Manufacturing Process Planning

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anoop Verma ◽  
Rahul Rai
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Process Planning ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Manufacturing Process Planning ◽  
Build Time ◽  
Time Accuracy ◽  
Geometric Solutions

Additive manufacturing processes are capable of printing parts with any shape and complexity. The parts fabricated with additive manufacturing processes requires minimum human intervention. Process planning decisions play an important role in making sure the fabricated parts meets the desired specification, including the build time and cost. A quick and unified approach to quantify the manufacturing build time, accuracy, and cost in real time is lacking. In the present research, a generic and near real-time framework for unified additive manufacturing process planning is presented. We have developed computational geometric solutions to estimate tight upper bound of manufacturing process planning decisions that can be analyzed in almost real time. Results of developed computational approach are compared against the optimized process plans to ensure its applicability. Case studies comprising of numerous parts with varying shape, and application area is also outlined.

Developing a Capability-Based Similarity Metric for Manufacturing Processes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Li ◽  
William Z. Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Die Casting ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Similarity Metric ◽  
On Line

Manufacturing taxonomies and accompanying metadata of manufacturing processes have been catalogued in both reference books and databases on-line. However, such information remains in a form that is uninformative to the various stages of the product life cycle, including the design phase and manufacturing-related activities. This challenge lies in the varying nature in how the data is captured and represented. In this paper, we explore measures for comparing manufacturing data with the goal of developing a capability-based similarity metric for manufacturing processes. To judge the effectiveness of these metrics, we apply permutations of them to 26 manufacturing process models, such as blow molding, die casting, and milling, that were created based on the ASTM E3012-16 standard. Furthermore, we provide directions towards the development of an aggregate similarity metric considering multiple capability features. In the future, this work will contribute to a broad vision of a manufacturing process model repository by helping ease decision-making for engineering design and planning.

“Real Time” Raman Studies of Electrospun Fibers

2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1287-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Stephens ◽  
S. Frisk ◽  
S. Megelski ◽  
J. F. Rabolt ◽  
D. Bruce Chase
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Polymer Microstructure ◽  
Instrumental Approach ◽  
On Line ◽  
Quantitative Understanding ◽  
Line Analysis ◽  
Polymer Ratio

Raman spectra of as-spun fibers produced through electrospinning have shown that high S/N data can be obtained on 50-μm diameter fibers in relatively short collection times (25 s). Using this same instrumental approach, “real time” Raman spectra of the electrospinning liquid fiber jet at the origin of the jet and 1 cm downstream have been obtained. The results show that “on-line” analysis of the solvent/polymer ratio and spectroscopic measurements of polymer orientation are possible and will lead to a more quantitative understanding of the development of the polymer microstructure during the electrospinning process.

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