Design of a Real-Time Two-Dimensional Residual Stress Analyzer

1986 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 523-526
Author(s):  
G. M. Borgonovi
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Detector Plane ◽  
Flat Detector ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
State Of Stress ◽  
Position Sensitive ◽  
Position Sensitive Detectors

Measurements of residual stress by X-ray diffraction are usually carried out with diffractometers or with one-dimensional position sensitive detectors. The stress is determined from the displacement of the peak that results from intersecting a diffraction cone at high angle with the line scanned by the detector. If a two-dimensional flat detector is used, the intersection of the diffraction cone with the detector plane is a ring, or section of a ring, which is also slightly displaced by the stress. The suggestion has been made use a two-dimensional detector to determine the surface state of stress.

scholarly journals The finer things in X-ray diffraction data collection

1999 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1718-1725 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Pflugrath
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Software Suite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Position Sensitive ◽  
X Ray Background ◽  
Position Sensitive Detectors

X-ray diffraction images from two-dimensional position-sensitive detectors can be characterized as thick or thin, depending on whether the rotation-angle increment per image is greater than or less than the crystal mosaicity, respectively. The expectations and consequences of the processing of thick and thin images in terms of spatial overlap, saturated pixels, X-ray background andI/σ(I) are discussed. Thed*TREKsoftware suite for processing diffraction images is briefly introduced, and results fromd*TREKare compared with those from another popular package.

X-ray position-sensitive detectors

1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. W. Arndt
Keyword(s):  
X Rays ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Position Sensitive ◽  
Position Sensitive Detectors

The physical processes are examined which can be used for the detection of X-rays in the range between about 3 and about 20 keV and for the positional localization of the incident photons. The criteria for choosing a detector for particular purposes are discussed in general terms. Specific examples of one- and two-dimensional detectors are then considered with particular emphasis on devices which are still in a state of development, and an attempt is made to summarize the nature, performance and suitability for different experiments of available detectors.

The Use of 2-D Detector Utilizing Laser-Stimulated Luminescence for X-ray Diffraction Studies on Mechanical Behaviour of Materials

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 389-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yoshioka ◽  
T. Shinkai ◽  
S. Ohya
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Analysis ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Large Reduction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Material Evaluation ◽  
Position Sensitive ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Position Sensitive Detectors

The development of linear position-sensitive detectors (PSD) has resulted in a large reduction of data acquisition times in the field of x-ray stress analysis. However, we also require two-dimensional (2-D) diffraction patterns for material evaluation. Especially, the microbeam x-ray diffraction technique gives valuable information on the structure of crystalline materials and this technique has been applied to fracture analysis by x-rays. Many kinds of 2-D PSD have been developed that have insufficient spatial resolution. So x-ray film has still been used as a 2-D detector, but it requires relatively long exposure times and then the process after exposure is very troublesome.

Stress Measurements with a Two-Dimensional Real-Time System

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 397-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M. Borgonovi ◽  
C.P. Gazza
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Time System ◽  
Real Time System ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Position Sensitive ◽  
Position Sensitive Detectors ◽  
Exposure Technique

Conventional methods of determination of residual stress in polycrystalline samples use either diffractometers or one-dimensional position-sensitive detectors. The most commonly used technique, the so-called "sin2ψ" method, requires several measurements at different angular positions of the sample. With diffractometers, two rotations are required, while with one-dimensional detectors, one rotation is required (except for the so-called single exposure technique, which requires two one-dimensional position-sensitive detectors). Rotation can be a potential source of errors if the sample is not aligned very carefully.

scholarly journals A new one-dimensional NiIIcoordination polymer with a two-dimensional supramolecular architecture

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Kai-Long Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Water Molecule ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Sulfate Anion ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Distorted Octahedral ◽  
Metal Organic

A new one-dimensional NiIIcoordination polymer of 1,3,5-tris(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene, namelycatena-poly[[aqua(sulfato-κO)hemi(μ-ethane-1,2-diol-κ2O:O′)[μ3-1,3,5-tris(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene-κ3N3,N3′,N3′′]nickel(II)] ethane-1,2-diol monosolvate monohydrate], {[Ni(SO4)(C18H18N6)(C2H6O2)0.5(H2O)]·C2H6O2·H2O}n, was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The NiIIcation is coordinated by three N atoms of three different 1,3,5-tris(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene ligands, one O atom of an ethane-1,2-diol molecule, by a sulfate anion and a water molecule, forming a distorted octahedral NiN3O3coordination geometry. The tripodal 1,3,5-tris(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene ligands link the NiIIcations, generating metal–organic chains running along the [100] direction. Adjacent chains are further connected by O—H...O hydrogen bonds, resulting in a two-dimensional supermolecular architecture running parallel to the (001) plane. Another water molecule and a second ethane-1,2-diol molecule are non-coordinating and are linked to the coordinating sulfate ionsviaO—H...O hydrogen bonds.

scholarly journals Residual Stress Tensor Distributions in Cracked Austenitic Stainless Steel Measured by Two-Dimensional X-Ray Diffraction Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 996 ◽  
pp. 128-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youichi Saito ◽  
Shunichiro Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stress Tensor ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
X Ray

The residual stress tensor for cracked austenitic stainless steel was measured by a two-dimensional X-ray diffraction method. Higher von Mises equivalent stress concentrations, attributed to hot crack initiation, were obtained at both crack ends. The stress of 400 MPa at the crack end in the columnar grain region was about two-fold larger than that of 180 MPa in the equiaxed grain region. This difference was caused by a depression in the cast slab.

Instrumental aspects in X-ray diffraction on polycrystalline materials

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Guinebretière ◽  
A. Boulle ◽  
O. Masson ◽  
A. Dauger
Keyword(s):  
Polycrystalline Materials ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Instrumental Resolution ◽  
Position Sensitive ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Position Sensitive Detectors

The purpose of this paper is to give a rapid overview of the recent developments in the field of X-ray diffraction on polycrystalline materials from the viewpoint of the instruments. After a brief historical report, the main types of laboratory diffractometers are presented. At the end of the twentieth century the apparition of position sensitive detectors and artificial crystal monochromators have induced the conception of new diffractometer often based on old geometrical arrangements. Those modern diffractometers are described with respect to the more conventional ones. Among the experimental parameters which can characterize a given diffractometer, the instrumental resolution function and the acquisition time of the pattern are of primary importance. The different apparatus are compared with respect to those two parameters.

Two-Dimensional Neutral Framework Generated from Mixed Organic Ligands: Structure and Magnetic Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 455-456 ◽  
pp. 735-739
Author(s):  
Rui Xin Chen ◽  
Ling Yan Xu ◽  
Chang Feng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Hydrothermal Condition ◽  
Organic Ligands ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibilities ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ferromagnetic Interactions ◽  
Cu Ions

A new two-dimensional neutral framework generated from mixed organic ligands [Cu3(1,2,4-BTC)2(4,4/-bipy)(H2O)4] (where1,2,4-BTC = 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylate), has been prepared under hydrothermal condition and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction and magnetic susceptibilities. Its structure contains two different one-dimensional chains for the Cu ions, namely [Cu2(1,2,4-BTC)2]n2n-and [Cu (4,4/-bipy)]n2n+, respectively; the carboxylate of 1,2,4-BTC ligands links the two different 1-D chains into a interesting steplike supramolecular neutral framework, which exists ferromagnetic interactions between the copper centers.

A one-dimensional cobalt(II) coordination polymer based on 2,4′-oxydibenzoic acid: poly[[[diaquabis[2-(4-carboxyphenoxy)benzoato-κO1]cobalt(II)]-μ-4,4′-bipyridine-κ2N:N′] dihydrate]

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 654-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Tang ◽  
Feng Fu ◽  
Ji-Jiang Wang ◽  
Qi-Rui Liu ◽  
Hang-Hang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Polymer ◽  
Hydrothermal Condition ◽  
Dimensional Chain ◽  
Supramolecular Architecture ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The One ◽  
Two Sides

The reaction of CoSO4with 2,4-oxydibenzoic acid (H2oba) and 4,4′-bipyridine (bipy) under hydrothermal condition yielded a new one-dimensional cobalt(II) coordination polymer, {[Co(C14H9O5)2(C10H8N2)(H2O)2]·2H2O}n, which was characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, magnetic properties and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The CoIIions are connected by bipy ligands into infinite one-dimensional chains. The Hoba−ligands extend out from the two sides of the one-dimensional chain. O—H...O hydrogen bonding extends these chains into a two-dimensional supramolecular architecture.

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