scholarly journals Short Hypoxia Does not Affect Plasma Leptin in Healthy Men under Euglycemic Clamp Conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Andre Schmoller ◽  
Michaela Voss ◽  
Hartmut Gehring ◽  
Sebastian Rudolf ◽  
Ulrich Schweiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Weight Regulation ◽  
Body Weight Regulation ◽  
Normoxic Condition ◽  
Endocrine Control ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Plasma Leptin

Leptin is involved in the endocrine control of energy expenditure and body weight regulation. Previous studies emphasize a relationship between hypoxic states and leptin concentrations. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute hypoxia on leptin concentrations in healthy subjects. We examined 14 healthy men. Hypoxic conditions were induced by decreasing oxygen saturation to 75% for 30 minutes. Plasma leptin concentrations were determined at baseline, after 3 hours of euglycemic clamping, during hypoxia, and repeatedly the following 2.5 hours thereafter. Our results show an increase of plasma leptin concentrations in the course of 6 hours of hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamping which may reflect diurnal rhythmicity. Notwithstanding, there was no difference between levels of leptin in the hypoxic and the normoxic condition (). Since we did not find any significant changes in leptin responses upon hypoxia, plasma leptin levels do not seem to be affected by short hypoxic episodes of moderate degree.

Effects of the Antipsychotic Drug Sulpiride on Reproductive Hormones in Healthy Men: Relationship with Body Weight Regulation

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (06) ◽  
pp. 250-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Baptista ◽  
T. Alastre ◽  
Q. Contreras ◽  
J. Martinez ◽  
E. de Baptista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Weight Regulation ◽  
Body Weight Regulation ◽  
Healthy Men

Effects of lithium carbonate on reproductive hormones in healthy men: Relationship with body weight regulation-a pilot study

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 937-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trino Baptista ◽  
Tomás Alastre ◽  
Quilianio Contreras ◽  
JoséLuis Martinez ◽  
Enma Araujo De Baptista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Weight Regulation ◽  
Body Weight Regulation ◽  
Healthy Men

scholarly journals Regulation of Body Weight in Humans

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Jéquier ◽  
Luc Tappy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Weight Regulation ◽  
Body Weight Regulation ◽  
Human Obesity ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Leptin Receptors ◽  
Adipose Tissue Mass ◽  
Plasma Leptin

The mechanisms involved in body weight regulation in humans include genetic, physiological, and behavioral factors. Stability of body weight and body composition requires that energy intake matches energy expenditure and that nutrient balance is achieved. Human obesity is usually associated with high rates of energy expenditure. In adult individuals, protein and carbohydrate stores vary relatively little, whereas adipose tissue mass may change markedly. A feedback regulatory loop with three distinct steps has been recently identified in rodents: 1) a sensor that monitors the size of adipose tissue mass is represented by the amount of leptin synthesized by adipose cells (a protein encoded by the ob gene) which determines the plasma leptin levels; 2) hypothalamic centers, with specific leptin receptors, which receive and integrate the intensity of the signal; and 3) effector systems that influence the two determinants of energy balance, i.e., energy intake and energy expenditure. With the exception of a few very rare cases, the majority of obese human subjects have high plasma leptin levels that are related to the size of their adipose tissue mass. However, the expected regulatory responses (reduction in food intake and increase in energy expenditure) are not observed in obese individuals. Thus obese humans are resistant to the effect of endogenous leptin, despite unaltered hypothalamic leptin receptors. Whether defects in the leptin signaling cascade play a role in the development of human obesity is a field of great actual interest that needs further research. Present evidences suggest that genetic and environmental factors influence eating behavior of people prone to obesity and that diets that are high in fat or energy dense undermine body weight regulation by promoting an overconsumption of energy relative to need.

Non-homeostatic body weight regulation through a brainstem-restricted receptor for GDF15

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsu JY ◽  
Crawley S ◽  
Chen M ◽  
Ayupova DA ◽  
Lindhout DA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Regulation ◽  
Body Weight Regulation

scholarly journals Hypoxia Transcriptomic Modifications Induced by Proton Irradiation in U87 Glioblastoma Multiforme Cell Line

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Valentina Bravatà ◽  
Walter Tinganelli ◽  
Francesco P. Cammarata ◽  
Luigi Minafra ◽  
Marco Calvaruso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Hypoxic Condition ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Microarray Gene Expression ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Gene Expression Analyses ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
New Strategies

In Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), hypoxia is associated with radioresistance and poor prognosis. Since standard GBM treatments are not always effective, new strategies are needed to overcome resistance to therapeutic treatments, including radiotherapy (RT). Our study aims to shed light on the biomarker network involved in a hypoxic (0.2% oxygen) GBM cell line that is radioresistant after proton therapy (PT). For cultivating cells in acute hypoxia, GSI’s hypoxic chambers were used. Cells were irradiated in the middle of a spread-out Bragg peak with increasing PT doses to verify the greater radioresistance in hypoxic conditions. Whole-genome cDNA microarray gene expression analyses were performed for samples treated with 2 and 10 Gy to highlight biological processes activated in GBM following PT in the hypoxic condition. We describe cell survival response and significant deregulated pathways responsible for the cell death/survival balance and gene signatures linked to the PT/hypoxia configurations assayed. Highlighting the molecular pathways involved in GBM resistance following hypoxia and ionizing radiation (IR), this work could suggest new molecular targets, allowing the development of targeted drugs to be suggested in association with PT.

Feeding and body weight regulation after 6-OHDA application into the preoptic area

1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 359-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lénárd ◽  
Z. Karádi ◽  
G. Jandó ◽  
H. Yoshimatsu ◽  
A. Hajnal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Preoptic Area ◽  
Weight Regulation ◽  
Body Weight Regulation
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