scholarly journals Actigraphic Recording of Manic Symptoms Induced by Methylphenidate

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuuli Lahti ◽  
Sami Leppämäki ◽  
Pekka Tani ◽  
Timo Partonen
Keyword(s):  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Manic Episode ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Manic Symptoms ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Triggering Factor ◽  
Long Acting

Objective. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder characterized by a long-standing pattern of impulsive behavior, hyperkinesia, and inattention. Psychostimulants, for example, methylphenidate, are the treatment of choice for ADHD both in children, adolescents, and adults.Method. The effect of methylphenidate on sleep structure is not well known. We studied the effect of long-acting methylphenidate on sleep in adult ADHD patients, in a naturalistic treatment setting, using actigraphic and polysomnographic recordings.Results. One of our patients experienced manic episode after starting methylphenidate. A wrist-worn accelerometer recording demonstrated a decrease in the duration and quality of sleep. After discontinuation of methylphenidate treatment, the patient's symptoms subsided and there was no need for hospital admission. Actigraphic recording showed a decrease in the amount and quality of the patient's sleep as triggering factor for the manic symptoms.Conclusions. Disruptions of the sleep-wake cycle are probably important etiologic factors in mood disorders, especially bipolar disorder. The changes in length and quality of sleep described in this case report bear close resemblance to those of patients with a manic episode, although these symptoms were induced by methylphenidate.

Pharmacology of Adult ADHD with Stimulants

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (S6) ◽  
pp. 8-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
Stimulant Treatment ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Stimulant Medications ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Core Symptoms ◽  
The Brain

AbstractAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a lifelong condition that begins in childhood and continues with adult manifestations related to the core symptoms. Approximately 50% to 75% of children with ADHD continue to meet criteria for the disorder as adolescents and adults. Adults with the disorder increasingly present to primary care physicians, psychiatrists, and other practitioners for diagnosis and treatment. Understanding the diagnosis of ADHD in adults requires knowledge of age-dependent decline of symptoms over time. Retrospective recall of symptoms and impairment are valid methods of diagnosing the disorder. ADHD is also a brain disorder with a strong neurobiologic basis, complex etiology, and genetic component. Genetic and environmental vulnerabilities give rise to abnormalities in the brain and subsequent behavioral and cognitive deficits, which may produce the symptoms associated with ADHD. Magnetic resonance imaging studies of ADHD have provided evidence that abnormalities in the brain are caused by the disorder itself rather than treatment of the disorder. Psychiatric comorbidity is common among patients with ADHD and tends to complicate treatment. Acute and long-term use of long-acting stimulant formulations (methylphenidate and amphetamine compounds) have shown robust efficacy and tolerability consistent with the treatment response established in children with ADHD. Non-stimulant medications have demonstrated efficacy as well, and may be preferred in patients with tic and substance use disorders.In this expert roundtable supplement, Timothy E. Wilens, MD, reviews the epidemiology and clinical presentation of adult ADHD. Next, Joseph Biederman, MD, provides an overview of recent advances in the neurobiology of ADHD. Thomas J. Spencer, MD, reviews stimulant treatment of adult ADHD, and Lenard A. Adler concludes with a discussion of non-stimulant trials in adult ADHD.

Panel Discussion

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (S6) ◽  
pp. 14-14 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Panel Discussion ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
Stimulant Treatment ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Stimulant Medications ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
The Brain

AbstractAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a lifelong condition that begins in childhood and continues with adult manifestations related to the core symptoms. Approximately 50% to 75% of children with ADHD continue to meet criteria for the disorder as adolescents and adults. Adults with the disorder increasingly present to primary care physicians, psychiatrists, and other practitioners for diagnosis and treatment. Understanding the diagnosis of ADHD in adults requires knowledge of age-dependent decline of symptoms over time. Retrospective recall of symptoms and impairment are valid methods of diagnosing the disorder. ADHD is also a brain disorder with a strong neurobiologic basis, complex etiology, and genetic component. Genetic and environmental vulnerabilities give rise to abnormalities in the brain and subsequent behavioral and cognitive deficits, which may produce the symptoms associated with ADHD. Magnetic resonance imaging studies of ADHD have provided evidence that abnormalities in the brain are caused by the disorder itself rather than treatment of the disorder. Psychiatric comorbidity is common among patients with ADHD and tends to complicate treatment. Acute and long-term use of long-acting stimulant formulations (methylphenidate and amphetamine compounds) have shown robust efficacy and tolerability consistent with the treatment response established in children with ADHD. Non-stimulant medications have demonstrated efficacy as well, and may be preferred in patients with tic and substance use disorders.In this expert roundtable supplement, Timothy E. Wilens, MD, reviews the epidemiology and clinical presentation of adult ADHD. Next, Joseph Biederman, MD, provides an overview of recent advances in the neurobiology of ADHD. Thomas J. Spencer, MD, reviews stimulant treatment of adult ADHD, and Lenard A. Adler concludes with a discussion of non-stimulant trials in adult ADHD.

scholarly journals Quality of Life School-Age Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in SLB C Bandung

2019 ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Adelse Prima Muya ◽  
Desy Indra Yani ◽  
Helwiyah Ropi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Attention Deficit Disorder ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adhd Children

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a behavioral characterized by attention deficit disorder, impulsive behavior, accompanied by excessive activity that is not in accordance with its age in childhood. ADHD can impact on decreasing the Quality of Life (QoL) of children. The study aimed to describe the QoL of ADHD children in SLB C Bandung. The research using descriptive study. The subjects were 63 families with ADHD children with an age range of 8-12 years who attended school in 5 types of SLB C in Bandung. Sampling used total sampling technique with inventory questionnaires including a child QoL questionnaire (Peds QL). Data were analyzed using descriptive analyze. The results showed that more than half of the QoL of ADHD children was classified as poor. The QoL of children with ADHD is very important because there are various aspects in their lives, both in terms of health, emotional, social, and school activities. This study explains QoL of ADHD children starting from physical, logistical, social and school functions. From this explanation, it is expected that in the part of QoL for ADHD children to be repaired, also which parts can be repaired and the care and attention needed to be improved.

ADHD: Prevalence, Diagnosis, and Issues of Comorbidity

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (S6) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy E. Wilens
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Stimulant Medications ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Core Symptoms ◽  
The Brain

AbstractAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a lifelong condition that begins in childhood and continues with adult manifestations related to the core symptoms. Approximately 50% to 75% of children with ADHD continue to meet criteria for the disorder as adolescents and adults. Adults with the disorder increasingly present to primary care physicians, psychiatrists, and other practitioners for diagnosis and treatment. Understanding the diagnosis of ADHD in adults requires knowledge of age-dependent decline of symptoms over time. Retrospective recall of symptoms and impairment are valid methods of diagnosing the disorder. ADHD is also a brain disorder with a strong neurobiologic basis, complex etiology, and genetic component. Genetic and environmental vulnerabilities give rise to abnormalities in the brain and subsequent behavioral and cognitive deficits, which may produce the symptoms associated with ADHD. Magnetic resonance imaging studies of ADHD have provided evidence that abnormalities in the brain are caused by the disorder itself rather than treatment of the disorder. Psychiatric comorbidity is common among patients with ADHD and tends to complicate treatment. Acute and long-term use of long-acting stimulant formulations (methylphenidate and amphetamine compounds) have shown robust efficacy and tolerability consistent with the treatment response established in children with ADHD. Non-stimulant medications have demonstrated efficacy as well, and may be preferred in patients with tic and substance use disorders.

Advances in the Neurobiology of ADHD

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (S6) ◽  
pp. 6-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Biederman
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
Stimulant Treatment ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Stimulant Medications ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Core Symptoms ◽  
The Brain

AbstractAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a lifelong condition that begins in childhood and continues with adult manifestations related to the core symptoms. Approximately 50% to 75% of children with ADHD continue to meet criteria for the disorder as adolescents and adults. Adults with the disorder increasingly present to primary care physicians, psychiatrists, and other practitioners for diagnosis and treatment. Understanding the diagnosis of ADHD in adults requires knowledge of age-dependent decline of symptoms over time. Retrospective recall of symptoms and impairment are valid methods of diagnosing the disorder. ADHD is also a brain disorder with a strong neurobiologic basis, complex etiology, and genetic component. Genetic and environmental vulnerabilities give rise to abnormalities in the brain and subsequent behavioral and cognitive deficits, which may produce the symptoms associated with ADHD. Magnetic resonance imaging studies of ADHD have provided evidence that abnormalities in the brain are caused by the disorder itself rather than treatment of the disorder. Psychiatric comorbidity is common among patients with ADHD and tends to complicate treatment. Acute and long-term use of long-acting stimulant formulations (methylphenidate and amphetamine compounds) have shown robust efficacy and tolerability consistent with the treatment response established in children with ADHD. Non-stimulant medications have demonstrated efficacy as well, and may be preferred in patients with tic and substance use disorders.In this expert roundtable supplement, Timothy E. Wilens, MD, reviews the epidemiology and clinical presentation of adult ADHD. Next, Joseph Biederman, MD, provides an overview of recent advances in the neurobiology of ADHD. Thomas J. Spencer, MD, reviews stimulant treatment of adult ADHD, and Lenard A. Adler concludes with a discussion of non-stimulant trials in adult ADHD.

scholarly journals Mixed Amphetamine Salts Extended Release for the Treatment of ADHD

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (S20) ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
Joseph Biederman
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is widely recognized as one of the most common psychiatric disorders initially diagnosed and treated in childhood; however, it is less widely recognized as a disorder that often persists into adolescence and adulthood. In recent years, there has been increased awareness that adult ADHD is marked by significant impulsivity and impairments of attention and executive function, symptoms that can be linked to, personal, social, and professional dysfunction. Clinicians are increasingly recognizing adult ADHD as a disorder linked to considerable dysfunction and distress, warranting appropriate pharmacologic treatment.Psychostimulants, such as amphetamines and methylphenidate, are recommended as first-line pharmacotherapeutic agents for the management of ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults. Because most research on psychostimulant use has involved pediatric ADHD patients, little is known about the safety and efficacy of these agents in adult ADHD.

scholarly journals Mindfulness Meditation Improves Mood, Quality of Life, and Attention in Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Freire Bueno ◽  
Elisa H. Kozasa ◽  
Maria Aparecida da Silva ◽  
Tânia Maria Alves ◽  
Mario Rodrigues Louzã ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Impaired Attention

Objective. Adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) display affective problems and impaired attention. Mood in ADHD can be improved by mindful awareness practices (MAP), but results are mixed regarding the enhancement of attentional performance. Here we evaluated MAP-induced changes in quality of life (QoL), mood, and attention in adult ADHD patients and controls using more measures of attention than prior studies.Methods. Twenty-one ADHD patients and 8 healthy controls underwent 8 weekly MAP sessions; 22 similar patients and 9 controls did not undergo the intervention. Mood and QoL were assessed using validated questionnaires, and attention was evaluated using the Attentional Network Test (ANT) and the Conners Continuous Performance Test (CPT II), before and after intervention.Results. MAP enhanced sustained attention (ANT) and detectability (CPT II) and improved mood and QoL of patients and controls.Conclusion. MAP is a complementary intervention that improves affect and attention of adults with ADHD and controls.

scholarly journals Efecto crónico del C-HIIT sobre la calidad del sueño y atención selectiva en jóvenes TDAH (Chronic effect of C-HIIT on the quality of sleep and selective attention in young ADHD)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 199-208
Author(s):  
Sara Suárez-Manzano ◽  
Sebastián López-Serrano ◽  
Khader Abu-Helaiel Jadallah ◽  
Liliana Yadira Yela Pantoja
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
High Intensity Interval

    El objetivo del presente estudio fue conocer los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento Cooperative-High Intensity Interval Training (C-HIIT) de 10 semanas, 2 sesiones/semana, y 16 minutos cada sesión, sobre la calidad del sueño y la atención selectiva en niños diagnosticados con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH). Participaron 52 escolares diagnosticados TDAH (10.13 ± 2.68 años). Se asignaron 24 al grupo de control (11 niñas) y 28 al grupo experimental (17 niñas). La calidad del sueño se midió con la prueba de Pittsburg y la atención selectiva con el test d2. Tras el programa de intervención, el grupo C-HIIT mejoró significativamente la calidad del sueño frente al grupo de control (2.93 ± 1.762 vs. 6.88 ± 2.643, p< 0.001). El grupo C-HIIT mejoró significativamente su nivel de atención selectiva (pre: 42 ± 30.21 vs. post: 64.21 ± 30.57; p< 0.001), mejorando un 21.16% respecto al inicio del estudio. Se concluye, que un programa de C-HIIT aplicado durante al menos 10 semanas en jóvenes con TDAH mejora significativamente su calidad de sueño y la medida de atención, sin embargo, los efectos sobre la concentración y el índice de variación no son concluyentes. Se sugiere incorporar programas específicos de estímulo cooperativo y de alta intensidad en jóvenes TDAH ya que podría ser una herramienta eficaz para mejorar la calidad de sueño y sus niveles de atención selectiva.  Abstract. The objective of this study was to know the effects of a Cooperative-High Intensity Interval Training (C-HIIT) training program of 10 weeks, 2 sessions/week, and 16 minutes each session, on the quality of sleep and selective care in children diagnosed with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Fifty-two schoolchildren were diagnosed with ADHD (10.13 ± 2.68 years). Twenty-four were assigned to the control group (11 girls) and 28 to the experimental group (17 girls). The quality of sleep was measured with the Pittsburgh test and selective attention with the d2 test. After the intervention program, the C-HIIT group significantly improved sleep quality compared to the control group (2.93 ± 1.762 vs. 6.88 ± 2.643, p< 0.001). The C-HIIT group significantly improved its level of selective care (pre: 42 ± 30.21 vs. post: 64.21 ± 30.57; p< 0.001), improving 21.16% with respect to the beginning of the study. It is concluded that a C-HIIT program applied for at least 10 weeks in young people with ADHD significantly improves their quality of sleep and the measure of attention, however, the effects on concentration and the rate of variation are not conclusive. It is suggested to incorporate specific programs of cooperative and high intensity stimulation in young ADHD as it could be an effective tool to improve the quality of sleep and their levels of selective care.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index of Adolescents and Adults and its relation to Sleep in a Ward of Gokarneshwor Municipality

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Niraj Shrestha ◽  
B Shakya ◽  
OM Nikhil
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Various studies have shown that abnormal body mass index (BMI) of an individual is linked to poor sleep. Abnormal BMI is a predisposing factor for many non- communicable diseases like cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. However, if BMI is affected by sleep, detecting sleep abnormality followed by simple corrective measures may help in making BMI normal hence preventing the risk of many such diseases. Using Asian Classification for BMI and questions from Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQSI) a survey was carried out among persons aged 15 to 60 years in a ward of Gokarneshwor Municipality. In this study, out of a total of 563 persons 4.4% were underweight, 33.9% had normal BMI, 18.5% were overweight and 43.2% were obese. Around 22% reported a reduced duration of sleep but only around 5% of the persons felt that their quality of sleep was poor. This study showed that the association between reduced sleep duration and abnormal BMI was significant even when confounding variables like tobacco or alcohol and poverty state were removed.

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