scholarly journals Analysis of Auditory Measures in Normal Hearing Young Male Adult Cigarette Smokers Using Multiple Variable Selection Methods with Predictive Validation Assessments

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamakshi V. Gopal ◽  
Richard Herrington ◽  
Jacquelin Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Variable Selection ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Brainstem Response

Studies have shown that cigarette smoking is a risk factor for hearing loss; however, no information is available on auditory preclinical indicators in young chronic cigarette smokers. Cigarette smoking involves exposure to many harmful chemicals including carbon monoxide (CO). In this study, the CO level in 16 young normal hearing male chronic smokers was measured with a CO monitor, and was used as the outcome measure. Subjects were administered a battery of audiological tests that included behavioral and electrophysiologic measures. The goal was to investigate which auditory test measures can be used as potential predictors of the outcome measure. Using ordinary least squares estimation procedures with best-subsets selection and bootstrapped stepwise variable selection procedures, an optimal predictive multiple linear regression model was selected. Results of this approach indicated that auditory brainstem response peak V amplitudes and distortion product otoacoustic emissions had the highest predictive value and accounted for most of the variability.

Evaluation of Efferent Auditory System and Hearing Quality in Parkinson's Disease: Is the Difficulty in Speech Understanding in Complex Listening Conditions Related to Neural Degeneration or Aging?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nuriye Yıldırım Gökay ◽  
Bülent Gündüz ◽  
Fatih Söke ◽  
Recep Karamert
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
System Function ◽  
Distortion Product

Purpose The effects of neurological diseases on the auditory system have been a notable issue for investigators because the auditory pathway is closely associated with neural systems. The purposes of this study are to evaluate the efferent auditory system function and hearing quality in Parkinson's disease (PD) and to compare the findings with age-matched individuals without PD to present a perspective on aging. Method The study included 35 individuals with PD (mean age of 48.50 ± 8.00 years) and 35 normal-hearing peers (mean age of 49 ± 10 years). The following tests were administered for all participants: the first section of the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale; pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, tympanometry, and acoustic reflexes; and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and contralateral suppression of DPOAEs. SPSS Version 25 was used for statistical analyses, and values of p < .05 were considered statistically significant. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the pure-tone audiometry thresholds and DPOAE responses between the individuals with PD and their normal-hearing peers ( p = .732). However, statistically significant differences were found between the groups in suppression levels of DPOAEs and hearing quality ( p < .05). In addition, a statistically significant and positive correlation was found between the amount of suppression at some frequencies and the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale scores. Conclusions This study indicates that medial olivocochlear efferent system function and the hearing quality of individuals with PD were affected adversely due to the results of PD pathophysiology on the hearing system. For optimal intervention and follow-up, tasks related to hearing quality in daily life can also be added to therapies for PD.

Early Evidence of Cochlear Damage in a Large Sample of Percussionists

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Jodee A Pride ◽  
David R Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hair Cell ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Outer Hair Cell ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Outer Hair Cells ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Hair Cell Damage

Percussionists can be exposed to intermittent sound stimuli that exceed 145 dB SPL, although damage may occur to the outer hair cells at levels of 120 dB SPL. The present study measured distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) in a group of 86 normal-hearing percussionists and 39 normal-hearing nonpercussionists. Results indicate that normal-hearing percussionists have lower DPOAE amplitudes than normal-hearing nonpercussionists. DPOAE amplitudes were significantly lower at 6000 Hz in both the left and right ears for percussionists. Percussionists also more frequently had absent DPOAEs, with the greatest differences occurring at 6000 Hz (absent DPOAEs in 25% of percussionists vs 10% of nonpercussionists). When all frequencies are considered as a group, 33% of the percussionists had an absent DPOAE in either ear at some frequency, compared to only 23% of the nonpercussionists. Otoacoustic emissions are more sensitive to outer hair cell damage than pure-tone threshold measurements and can serve as an important measurement of sensory loss (i.e., outer hair cell damage) in musicians before the person perceives the hearing loss. DPOAE monitoring for musicians, along with appropriate education and intervention, might help prevent or minimize music-induced hearing loss.

scholarly journals Predicting hearing loss from otoacoustic emissions using an artificial neural network

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rouviere De Waal ◽  
René Hugo ◽  
Maggi Soer ◽  
Johann J. Krüger
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Hearing Ability ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann

Normal and impaired pure tone thresholds (PTTs) were predicted from distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DP using a feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN) with a back-propagation training algorithm. The ANN used a present and absent DPOAEs from eight DP grams, (2fl -f2 = 406 - 4031 Hz) to predict PTTs at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz. With normal hearing as < 25 dB HL, prediction accuracy of normal hearing was 94% at 500, 88% at 1000, 88% at 2000 and 93% at 4000 Hz. Prediction of hearing-impaired categories was less accurate, due to insufficient data for the ANN to train on. This research indicates the possibility of accurately predicting hearing ability within 10 dB in normal hearing individuals and in hearing-impaired listeners with DPOAEs and ANNsfrom 500 - 4000 Hz.

Clinical Application of Otoacoustic Emissions: What do we Know about Factors Influencing Measurement and Analysis?

1994 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Hall ◽  
Jane E. Baer ◽  
Patricia A. Chase ◽  
Mitchell K. Schwaber
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Clinical Environments

Three electrophysiologic audiologic procedures-aural immittance measurement, auditory brainstem response (ABR), and otoacoustic emissions (OAE) — were first described in the 1970's. Immittance measurement and ABR have contributed importantly for years to the assessment of auditory function in children and adults, whereas OAEs have not yet been incorporated into the everyday audiology test battery. In this article, we argue that the transition from OAE measurement by hearing scientists in laboratory settings to routine application by audiologists in the clinic will be greatly facilitated by (1) comprehensive, large-scale studies of the effects of subject characteristics, such as gender and age (from infancy to advancing adulthood), on both transient evoked (TEOAE) and distortion product (DPOAE) otoacoustic emissions; (2) clinical investigations of TEOAE and DPOAE in sizeable patient populations with specific neurotologic diagnoses; (3) guidelines for OAE test protocols in clinical environments; and (4) clear criteria for OAE analysis in clinical populations.

Detection of Hearing Loss Using 2f2-f1 and 2f1-f2 Distortion-Product Otoacoustic Emissions

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 1165-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy S. Fitzgerald ◽  
Beth A. Prieve
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Hearing Status ◽  
Stimulus Parameters

Although many distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) may be measured in the ear canal in response to 2 pure tone stimuli, the majority of clinical studies have focused exclusively on the DPOAE at the frequency 2f1-f2. This study investigated another DPOAE, 2f2-f1, in an attempt to determine the following: (a) the optimal stimulus parameters for its clinical measurement and (b) its utility in differentiating between normal-hearing and hearing-impaired ears at low-to-mid frequencies (≤2000 Hz) when measured either alone or in conjunction with the 2f1-f2 DPOAE. Two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, the effects of primary level, level separation, and frequency separation (f2/f1) on 2f2-f1 DPOAE level were evaluated in normal-hearing ears for low-to-mid f2 frequencies (700–2000 Hz). Moderately high-level primaries (60–70 dB SPL) presented at equal levels or with f2 slightly higher than f1 produced the highest 2f2-f1 DPOAE levels. When the f2/f1 ratio that produced the highest 2f2-f1 DPOAE levels was examined across participants, the mean optimal f2/f1 ratio across f2 frequencies and primary level separations was 1.08. In Experiment 2, the accuracy with which DPOAE level or signal-to-noise ratio identified hearing status at the f2 frequency as normal or impaired was evaluated using clinical decision analysis. The 2f2-f1 and 2f1-f2 DPOAEs were measured from both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired ears using 2 sets of stimulus parameters: (a) the traditional parameters for measuring the 2f1-f2 DPOAE (f2/f1 = 1.22; L1, L2 = 65, 55 dB SPL) and (b) the new parameters that were deemed optimal for the 2f2-f1 DPOAE in Experiment 1 (f2/f1 = 1.073, L1 and L2 = 65 dB SPL). Identification of hearing status using 2f2-f1 DPOAE level and signal-to-noise ratio was more accurate when the new stimulus parameters were used compared with the results achieved when the 2f2-f1 DPOAE was recorded using the traditional parameters. However, identification of hearing status was less accurate for the 2f2-f1 DPOAE measured using the new parameters than for the 2f1-f2 DPOAE measured using the traditional parameters. No statistically significant improvements in test performance were achieved when the information from the 2 DPOAEs was combined, either by summing the DPOAE levels or by using logistic regression analysis.

Objective Hearing Screening Measures: An Exploration of a Suitable Combination for Risk-Based Newborn Hearing Screening

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (06) ◽  
pp. 495-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amisha Kanji ◽  
Katijah Khoza-Shangase
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Newborn Hearing Screening ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Automated Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Newborn Hearing ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Screening Measures

AbstractThe ideal hearing screening measure is yet to be defined, with various newborn hearing screening protocols currently being recommended for different contexts. Such diverse recommendations call for further exploration and definition of feasible and context-specific protocols.The aim of the study was to establish which combinations of audiological screening measures provide both true-positive (TP) and true-negative (TN) results for risk-based hearing screening, at and across time.A longitudinal, repeated-measures design was employed.Three-hundred and twenty-five participants comprised the initial study sample. These participants comprised newborns and infants who were discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit and high care wards to “step down” wards at two public sector hospitals within an academic hospital complex.Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs), distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), and automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) were conducted at the initial and repeat hearing screening. Diagnostic audiological assessments were also conducted. Results from combinations of audiological screening measures at the initial and repeat hearing screening were analyzed in relation to the final diagnostic outcome (n = 91). Participants were classified as presenting with an overall “refer” if the outcome for any one test was “refer.” The overall screening outcomes for different test combinations were compared using McNemar’s test for paired data. Proportions across different test combinations were compared by the z-test for proportions.Because of the absence of participants with hearing loss in the current study sample, analysis could only be conducted in relation to TN findings (specificity) and not TP findings (sensitivity). The percentage of TN findings was highest at the repeat hearing screening using any test or combination of tests when compared with findings from the initial hearing screening. TEOAE combined with AABR (TEOAE/AABR) (p < 0.0001), DPOAE combined with AABR (DPOAE/AABR) (p < 0.0001), and the combination of all three screening measures (p < 0.0001) yielded the highest percentage specificity at the repeat hearing screening when compared with the initial hearing screening.The best specificity was noted at the repeat hearing screening. Within a resource stricken context, where availability of all screening measures options may not be feasible, current study findings suggest the use of a two-stage AABR protocol or TEOAE/AABR protocol.

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