scholarly journals Mercury Disposition in Suckling Rats: Comparative Assessment Following Parenteral Exposure to Thiomersal and Mercuric Chloride

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Blanuša ◽  
Tatjana Orct ◽  
Maja Vihnanek Lazarus ◽  
Ankica Sekovanić ◽  
Martina Piasek
Keyword(s):  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Vaccination Regimen ◽  
Mercury Distribution ◽  
Suckling Rats ◽  
Parenteral Exposure ◽  
The Brain

Due to the facts that thiomersal-containing vaccine is still in use in many developing countries, and all forms of mercury have recognised neurotoxic, nephrotoxic, and other toxic effects, studies on disposition of ethylmercury and other mercury forms are still justified, especially at young age. Our investigation aimed at comparing mercury distribution and rate of excretion in the early period of life following exposure to either thiomersal (TM) or mercuric chloride (HgCl2) in suckling rats. Three experimental groups were studied: control, TM, and HgCl2, with 12 to18 pups in each. Both forms of mercury were administered subcutaneously in equimolar quantities (0.81 μmol/kg b.w.) three times during the suckling period (on the days of birth 7, 9, and 11) to mimic the vaccination regimen in infants. After the last administration of TM or HgCl2, total mercury retention and excretion was assessed during following six days. In TM-exposed group mercury retention was higher in the brain, enteral excretion was similar, and urinary excretion was much lower compared to HgCl2-exposed sucklings. More research is still needed to elucidate all aspects of toxicokinetics and most harmful neurotoxic potential of various forms of mercury, especially in the earliest period of life.

Effect of Thiomersal and mercuric chloride on mercury distribution in suckling rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. S191-S192
Author(s):  
Tatjana Orct ◽  
Maja Lazarus ◽  
Maja Blanuša ◽  
Krista Kostial
Keyword(s):  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Mercury Distribution ◽  
Suckling Rats

Distribution in Renal Cell Fractions of Sulfhydryl Groups in Rats on Normal and Sucrose Diets and Its Relation to Renal Mercury Distribution After Mercuric Chloride Injection

1958 ◽  
Vol 192 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Surtshin ◽  
Koichi Yagi
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Sulfhydryl Groups ◽  
Mercury Distribution ◽  
Cell Fractions

Most rats fed a diet of sucrose and vitamins for 3 or more weeks survive intravenous injection of mercuric chloride, 3 mg/kg, a dose uniformly lethal to rats on a normal diet. It is found that the sulfhydryl content of the ‘soluble’ fraction obtained from kidney by means of the centrifuge is greater in sucrose-fed than in chow-fed rats. Three hours after injection of mercuric chloride the sucrose-fed as compared with the chow-fed rat shows the same total mercury content in kidney, but a much higher content in the ‘soluble’ fraction and much lower contents in the ‘nuclear’ and ‘granular’ fractions. The increase in resistance to the toxicity of mercuric chloride seen in sucrose-fed rats may be related to a decrease in the binding of mercury by sulfhydryl groups of the renal nuclei and mitochondria. Severe protein depletion may be causally involved in producing the state of increased resistance.

Changes in the Cortex Neurons in Single and Fractional Gamma Radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
I. Ushakov ◽  
Vladimir Fyodorov
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Fractionated Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Post Radiation ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
The Brain

Purpose: Comparative assessment of radiation-induced changes in neurons of the cerebral cortex after a single and fractionated exposure to ionizing radiation in doses of 0.1 – 1.0 Gy. Material and methods. The study was carried out in compliance with the rules of bioethics on 180 white outbred male rats at the age of 4 months. by the beginning of the experiment, exposed to a single or fractionated exposure to γ-quanta of 60Co in total doses of 0.1; 0.2; 0.5 and 1.0 Gy. Neuromorphological and histochemical methods were used to assess morphometric and tinctorial parameters of nerve cells, as well as changes in the content of protein and nucleic acids in neurons in the early and late periods of the post-radiation period. Using one-way analysis of variance, a comparative assessment of neuromorphological indicators under various modes of radiation exposure is given. Results: In the control and irradiated animals throughout their life, undulating changes in the indicators of the state of the neurons of the brain occur with a gradual decrease by the end of the experiment. Despite a number of features of the dynamics of neuromorphological parameters, these irradiation regimes do not cause functionally significant changes in the neurons of the cortex. However, in some periods of the post-radiation period, the changes under the studied irradiation regimes were multidirectional and did not always correspond to age control. Significant differences in the response of neurons to these modes of radiation exposure in the sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex have not been established. Conclusion: No functionally significant radiation-induced changes in neurons were found either with single or fractionated irradiation. At the same time, different modes of irradiation in general caused the same type of changes in neurons. However, in some periods of observation, changes in neuromorphological parameters under the studied irradiation regimes were not unidirectional and differed from age control, which indicates a possible risk of disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system against the background of other harmful and dangerous factors.

Mercury distribution in a polluted marine area, ratio of total mercury, methyl mercury and selenium in sediments, mussels and fish

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1387-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Mikac ◽  
M Picer ◽  
P Stegnar ◽  
M Tušek-Ẑnidarić
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Mercury ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Mercury Distribution ◽  
Marine Area

Prevention of disturbances of carbohydrate and oxygen metabolism of the brain and development of cerebral edema by isothiobarbamine in the early period after intracerebral hemorrhage

1988 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 1720-1723 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Plotnikov ◽  
T. M. Plotnikova ◽  
T. V. Yakimova ◽  
A. S. Saratikov
Keyword(s):  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Cerebral Edema ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
The Brain

Methylmercury and total mercury distribution in the sediments of Baihua Reservoir, Guizhou Province, China

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (S1) ◽  
pp. 241-242
Author(s):  
Lihai Shang ◽  
Xinbin Feng ◽  
Haiyu Yan ◽  
Guangle Qiu ◽  
Guanghui Li
Keyword(s):  
Total Mercury ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Mercury Distribution

scholarly journals The protective effect of Zataria Multiflora on the embryotoxicity induced by bisphenol A in the brain of chicken embryos

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 4239-4242 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Zataria Multiflora ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Biochemical Measurements ◽  
Embryotoxic Effects ◽  
The Brain

Bisphenol A (BPA), is one of the main industrial chemicals synthesized for various purposes. In the present study, the brain tissue of chicken embryos was used to evaluate the embryotoxic effects of BPA and also the preventive effects of Zataria multiflora. To that end, fertile eggs were categorized into four groups (n=10). The eggs air sacs of the experimental groups were injected BPA (200 ppm) after four days.. The Zataria multiflora (100 and 200 µg/egg) was administered into chick embryos 6 hours prior to administration of BPA. The control group simply was treated with olive oil. The eggs were incubated at 37°C and a humidity of 63%. After 20 days, the embryos were beheaded and the brains were gathered for biochemical measurements. The findings indicated that Zataria multiflora (200 µg/egg) significantly reversed the increased levels of MDA (p<0.05) and protein (p<0.001) in the brain of BPA-exposed group and also the decreased levels of total antioxidant and GSH as well as the CAT and SOD activities in the brain of BPA-exposed group. Zataria multiflora reversed the toxic effects of BPA on the embryonic development stages of the brain via modulating oxidative stress.

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