The Epidemiology of Sleep Quality, Sleep Patterns, Consumption of Caffeinated Beverages, and Khat Use among Ethiopian College Students

Objective. To evaluate sleep habits, sleep patterns, and sleep quality among Ethiopian college students; and to examine associations of poor sleep quality with consumption of caffeinated beverages and other stimulants.Methods. A total of 2,230 undergraduate students completed a self-administered comprehensive questionnaire which gathered information about sleep complaints, sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics,and theuse of caffeinated beverages and khat. We used multivariable logistic regression procedures to estimate odds ratios for the associations of poor sleep quality with sociodemographic and behavioral factors.Results. Overall 52.7% of students were classified as having poor sleep quality (51.8% among males and 56.9% among females). In adjusted multivariate analyses, caffeine consumption (OR=1.55; 95% CI: 1.25–1.92), cigarette smoking (OR=1.68; 95% CI: 1.06–2.63), and khat use (OR=1.72, 95% CI: 1.09–2.71) were all associated with increased odds of long-sleep latency (>30 minutes). Cigarette smoking (OR=1.74; 95% CI: 1.11–2.73) and khat consumption (OR=1.91; 95% CI: 1.22–3.00) were also significantly associated with poor sleep efficiency (<85%), as well as with increased use of sleep medicine.Conclusion. Findings from the present study demonstrate the high prevalence of poor sleep quality and its association with stimulant use among college students. Preventive and educational programs for students should include modules that emphasize the importance of sleep and associated risk factors.

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298 Sleep Stability and Academic Performance in College Students

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab072.297 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. A119-A119

Author(s):

Alexandria Reynolds ◽

Madelynn Shell

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Academic Performance ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Transition To College ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Sleep Patterns ◽

Sleep Habits ◽

Time Points

Abstract Introduction There is considerable research demonstrating poor sleep patterns in college students; however, few studies actually examine sleep stability over a typical undergraduate career. Considering that the transition to college involves significant shifts in independence and potentially creating a foundation of lifelong behavioral patterns, it is important to identify whether these poor sleep patterns change throughout college. Additionally, studies show that shorter sleep duration predicts poorer academic performance. In the current study, it was expected that students would report poor sleep on average, and that poorer sleep would predict worse academic performance. Methods Participants included 27 full-time first-year undergraduate students who completed an online survey every spring for four years to examine sleep habits as part of a larger longitudinal study on the transition to college at a small liberal arts school. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency, and quality; the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was used to determine sleepiness. Semester GPA was obtained via college registrar records. Results Repeated measures ANOVAs revealed no differences in participants’ sleep variables (TST, sleep quality, sleep efficiency, and sleepiness) across all four time points. Average TST was 6.85 hours per night, and overall sleep quality (PSQI) was poor (M = 6.12). Mean sleep efficiency was 86.70%; mean ESS score was 5.35. Preliminary analyses revealed no significant differences between GPA values over the course of the four years; sleep factors did not predict GPA. Conclusion Overall, students reported short sleep, poor sleep quality, decent sleep efficiency, and borderline higher than normal daytime sleepiness. However, sleep factors and GPA were stable over all time points. These results suggest that poor sleep habits start early and continue throughout students’ college career, as opposed to developing throughout college, or starting out poor and improving. Surprisingly, preliminary results indicated that sleep factors did not predict academic performance. Limitations include subjective sleep assessments, limited testing, and small sample size; however, this longitudinal study sheds interesting light on the general sleep patterns of college students over the course of their entire academic career. Support (if any) None.

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1142 Comprehensive Phenotyping Of Ambulatory Sleep Patterns In Multiple Sclerosis

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1136 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A435-A435

Author(s):

T J Braley ◽

A L Kratz ◽

D Whibley ◽

C Goldstein

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Extreme Values ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

External Support ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Sleep Patterns ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Historical Cohort ◽

The Impact

Abstract Introduction The majority of sleep research in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) has been siloed, restricted to evaluation of one or a few sleep measures in isolation. To fully characterize the impact of sleep disturbances in MS, multifaceted phenotyping of sleep is required. The objective of this study was to more comprehensively quantify sleep in PwMS, using a recently developed multi-domain framework of duration, continuity, regularity, sleepiness/alertness, and quality. Methods Data were derived from a parent study that examined associations between actigraphy and polysomnography-based measures of sleep and cognitive function in MS. Actigraphy was recorded in n=55 PwMS for 7-12 days (Actiwatch2®, Philips Respironics). Sleep metrics included: duration=mean total sleep time (TST, minutes); continuity=mean wake time after sleep onset (minutes), and regularity=stddev wake-up time (hours). ‘Extreme’ values for continuity/regularity were defined as the most extreme third of the distributions. ‘Extreme’ TST values were defined as the lowest or highest sixth of the distributions. Sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale score) and sleep quality [Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) sleep quality item] were dichotomized by accepted cutoffs (>10 and >1, respectively). Results Sleep was recorded for a mean of 8.2 days (stddev=0.95). Median (1st, 3rd quartile) values were as follows: duration 459.79 (430.75, 490.60), continuity 37.00 (23.44, 52.57), regularity 1.02 (0.75, 1.32), sleepiness/alertness 8 (4, 12), and sleep quality 1.00 (1.00, 2.00). Extreme values based on data distributions were: short sleep <=426.25 minutes (18%), long sleep >515.5 minutes (16%), poor sleep continuity ≥45 minutes (33%), and poor sleep regularity ≥1.17 hours (33%). Sleepiness and poor sleep quality were present in 36% and 40% respectively. For comparison, in a historical cohort of non-MS patients, the extreme third of sleep regularity was a stddev of 0.75 hours, 13% had ESS of >10, and 16% had poor sleep quality. Conclusion In this study of ambulatory sleep patterns in PwMS, we found greater irregularity of sleep-wake timing, and higher prevalence of sleepiness and poor sleep quality than published normative data. Efforts should be made to include these measures in the assessment of sleep-related contributions to MS outcomes. Support The authors received no external support for this work.

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Differential Diagnosis of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Symptoms in College Students

Journal of Attention Disorders ◽

10.1177/1087054719896856 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 108705471989685

Author(s):

Benjamin J. Lovett ◽

Whitney L. M. Wood ◽

Lawrence J. Lewandowski

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Substance Misuse ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Sluggish Cognitive Tempo ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Cognitive Tempo

Objective: Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) refers to a set of symptoms that prior research has found to be related to several different psychological disorders, especially the predominantly inattentive presentation of ADHD. This study collected evidence relevant to the question of whether SCT is a distinct disorder. Method: College students ( N = 910) completed measures of SCT, ADHD, depression, anxiety, sleep quality, and substance misuse. Results: Students reporting clinically high SCT (reporting at least five symptoms often or very often) had significantly higher levels and rates of other types of psychopathology. Moreover, when students reporting clinically significant levels of ADHD, depression, and anxiety symptoms, poor sleep quality, or hazardous levels of alcohol or cannabis use were removed, very few students reporting high SCT remained (only 4.8% of the original high-SCT group). Conclusion: SCT may be best thought of as a symptom set common to many types of psychopathology, and it may be caused by sleep problems or substance misuse as well.

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Morningness/eveningness chronotype, poor sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness in relation to common mental disorders among Peruvian college students

Psychology Health & Medicine ◽

10.1080/13548506.2014.951367 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 345-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Deborah Rose ◽

Bizu Gelaye ◽

Sixto Sanchez ◽

Benjamín Castañeda ◽

Elena Sanchez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality

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Sleep Complaints in Older Blacks: Do Demographic and Health Indices Explain Poor Sleep Quality and Duration?

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine ◽

10.5664/jcsm.3858 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 (07) ◽

pp. 725-731 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Alyssa A. Gamaldo ◽

Charlene E. Gamaldo ◽

Jason C. Allaire ◽

Adrienne T. Aiken-Morgan ◽

Rachel E. Salas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Complaints ◽

Health Indices

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The Epidemiology of Sleep Quality and Consumption of Stimulant Beverages among Patagonian Chilean College Students

Sleep Disorders ◽

10.1155/2013/910104 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Juan Carlos Vélez ◽

Aline Souza ◽

Samantha Traslaviña ◽

Clarita Barbosa ◽

Adaeze Wosu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Beverage Consumption ◽

Study Participants ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

Objectives. (1) To assess sleep patterns and parameters of sleep quality among Chilean college students and (2) to evaluate the extent to which stimulant beverage use and other lifestyle characteristics are associated with poor sleep quality.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among college students in Patagonia, Chile. Students were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire to provide information about lifestyle and demographic characteristics. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality. In addition, students underwent a physical examination to collect anthropometric measurements.Results. More than half of students (51.8%) exhibited poor sleep quality. Approximately 45% of study participants reported sleeping six hours or less per night and 9.8% used medications for sleep. In multivariate analysis, current smokers had significantly greater daytime dysfunction due to sleepiness and were more likely to use sleep medicines. Students who reported consumption of any stimulant beverage were 1.81 times as likely to have poor sleep quality compared with those who did not consume stimulant beverages (OR:1.81, 95% CI:1.21–2.00).Conclusions.Poor sleep quality is prevalent among Chilean college students, and stimulant beverage consumption was associated with the increased odds of poor sleep quality in this sample.

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Abstract P334: The Effects of Inadequate Sleep on Blood Pressure and Endothelial Inflammation in Women: Findings From the American Heart Association Go Red for Women Strategically Focused Research Network

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.137.suppl_1.p334 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Brooke Aggarwal ◽

Nour Makarem ◽

Riddhi Shah ◽

Memet Emin ◽

Ying Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Research Network ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Sleep Patterns ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Basic Study ◽

Endothelial Inflammation

Background: Insufficient sleep impairs blood pressure regulation. However, the effects of milder, highly prevalent but frequently neglected sleep disturbances, including poor sleep quality and insomnia, on vascular health in women are unclear. We investigated whether poor sleep patterns are associated with blood pressure and endothelial inflammation in a diverse sample of women. Methods: Women who participated in the ongoing AHA Go Red for Women Strategically Focused Research Network population project were studied (n=323, 57% minority, mean age=39 + 17 y, range=20-79 y). Sleep duration, sleep quality, and time to sleep onset were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (score > 5=poor sleep quality). Risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was evaluated using the Berlin questionnaire, and insomnia was assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). In a subset of women who participated in the basic study (n=28), sleep duration was assessed objectively using actigraphy and endothelial inflammation was assessed directly in harvested endothelial cells by measuring nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB). Vascular reactivity was measured by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DPB) were measured by trained personnel. Multivariate linear regressions were used to evaluate associations between sleep patterns and blood pressure, NFκB and FMD. Results: Mean sleep duration was 6.8 ± 1.3 h/night in the population study and 7.5 ± 1.1 h/night in the basic study. In the population study sample, 50% had poor sleep quality (25% in the basic study), and 37% had some level of insomnia (15% in the basic study). SBP was associated directly with poor sleep quality, and DBP with OSA risk after adjusting for confounders (p=0.04 and p=0.08, respectively). Poor sleep quality was associated with endothelial NFκB activation (β=30.6; p=0.03). Insomnia and longer time to sleep onset were also associated with endothelial NFκB activation (β=27.6; p=0.002 and β=8.26; p=0.02, respectively). Sleep patterns were not associated with FMD. Conclusions: These findings provide direct evidence that common but frequently neglected sleep disturbances such as poor sleep quality and insomnia are associated with increased blood pressure and vascular inflammation even in the absence of sleep deprivation in women.

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331 Adverse Childhood Experience and Sleep Quality in Adulthood

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab072.330 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. A132-A133

Author(s):

Chighaf Bakour ◽

Jill Desch ◽

Fahad Mansuri ◽

Skai W Schwartz

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Community Violence ◽

Emotional Abuse ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Foster Home ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Sleep Complaints ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Home Placement

Abstract Introduction Poor sleep quality, a risk factor for many negative health outcomes, may result from physical or emotional disturbance including chronic stress. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked with chronic stress, and may therefore be associated with poor sleep quality in adulthood. This study examines the longitudinal association between specific ACEs and the number of ACEs and sleep quality in adulthood. Methods Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we examined the association between ACEs and trouble falling asleep or staying asleep (rarely or never, sometimes, frequently) in waves 1 (age 12–18), 4 (age 24–32), and 5 (age 33–43). We examined ten ACEs (physical, sexual, or emotional abuse; neglect; parental death, incarceration, alcoholism, divorce or separation; foster home placement; poverty; and exposure to community violence) and the number of ACEs (0, 1, 2–3, 4+), using weighted logistic regression to calculate odds ratios and confidence intervals for each of the ACEs and ACE score and each of the outcomes after adjusting for relevant confounders. Results The analysis included 12,768 participants, 75.3% of whom experienced at least one ACE, including 14.7% who experienced 4 or more. Physical and emotional abuse were associated with frequent sleep complaints at waves 1, 4, and 5. Sexual abuse, neglect and community violence were associated with frequent complaints in two waves, while parental alcoholism, parental incarceration, and foster home placement were associated with frequent complaints in one wave. The number of ACEs experienced showed a dose-response association with frequent sleep complaints in wave 1 ([1 ACE: aOR=2.12 (1.16, 3.9), 2–3 ACEs: aOR=2.86 (1.70, 4.82), 4+ ACEs: aOR=4.17 (2.33, 7.48)], wave 4 [1 ACE: aOR=1.02 (0.77, 1.36); 2–3 ACEs: aOR= 1.66 (1.30, 2.10); 4+ ACEs: aOR=2.68 (1.99, 3.61) and in wave 5 [1 ACE: aOR=1.22 (0.93, 1.60)), 2–3 ACEs: aOR=1.42 (1.11, 1.81), 4+ ACEs: aOR=1.88 (1.40, 2.53)] Conclusion Certain adverse childhood experiences such as physical, sexual, and emotional abuse and neglect have a lasting impact on sleep quality in adulthood, highlighting the need to mitigate their impact to prevent negative health outcomes associated with poor sleep quality Support (if any):

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