scholarly journals A Review of Psychosocial Risk Factors for Pediatric Atopy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Christina L. Duncan ◽  
Stacey L. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Intrauterine Environment ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Increase Risk

Pediatric atopy is increasing in prevalence and creates a significant financial and quality of life burden for children and families (e.g., frequent clinic visits, academic, and social challenges). Thus, it is important to understand modifiable risk factors related to disease onset or exacerbation in young children. The existing research base suggests that while a genetic link has been identified, specific family psychological factors (e.g., parent stress) also appear to play a significant role in the development of pediatric atopy. The function of psychological stress in the clinical expression and exacerbation of allergic diseases in young children is hypothesized to be due to neuroendocrine and immunologic systems. Specifically, stress-related activation of the sympathetic and adrenomedullary (SAM) system as well as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis from both the intrauterine environment and early childhood experiences may increase risk of childhood atopy above and beyond genetic risk. Consequently, prevention and intervention strategies aimed at reducing children’s early exposure to stress and psychological difficulties in parents may prove beneficial in preventing or reducing the likelihood that their children will develop atopy.

scholarly journals Outcomes and risk factors for the survival of COVID-19 related ARDS patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luyun Wang ◽  
Kengquan Chen ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
Li Ni ◽  
Jiangang Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Related Complication ◽  
Successful Weaning ◽  
Ecmo Treatment

Abstract Background: In current pandemic of COVID-19, approximately 15% to 30% of critically ill COVID-19 patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with a high mortality. Extracorporeal membrane of oxygenation (ECMO) provides direct support for both lung and heart in ARDS. However, the role of ECMO in COVID-19 related ARDS was still controversial. The aim of this study was to provide insights into the mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) management, risk factors for mortality, 180-day short term prognosis of the COVID-19 related severe ARDS patients receiving ECMO treatment. Methods: From Feb 2nd, 2020 to April 27th, 2020, we included adult COVID-19 related ARDS patients admitted to intensive care unit in Tongji Hospital. Totally, 53 patients were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into ECMO (mechanical ventilation with ECMO, n=16) and non-ECMO group (mechanical ventilation, n=37). The primary outcome was all-cause 60-day mortality. The secondary outcomes were complications on ECMO, successful weaning from ECMO, and all-cause 180-day mortality. Results: The all-cause 60-day mortality was 37.5% (6/16) in ECMO group and 86.5% (32/37) in non-ECMO group (HR, 0.196; 95% CI, 0.053-0.721; p=0.014). 10 (62.5%) patients were successfully weaned from ECMO. The all-cause 180-day mortality was 56.3% (9/16) in ECMO group and 33 (89.2%, 33/37) in non-ECMO group (HR, 0.298; 95% CI, 0.130-0.680; p=0.004). All the patients in ECMO group suffered from at least one device-related complication with coagulopathy (81.3%) being most frequently seen. Up to 180-day follow up after disease onset, the ECMO-treated survivors maintained good quality of life without severe complications or disabilities. Hypercapnia, thrombopenia, myocardial injury and elevation of IL-8 and IL-10 during ECMO treatment were strongly associated with death.Conclusion: This study showed the COVID-19 patients significantly benefited from ECMO treatment during severe ARDS, which supported the application of ECMO as an indicated strategy in the management of COVID-19 related ARDS.

Parents Reporting Adverse Childhood Experiences Among Young Children With Disabilities: Informing Systems Transformation

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songtian Zeng ◽  
Xiaoyi Hu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Family Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Drug Problems

This study provides new insights regarding the associations and risk factors of nine specific adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and young children (0–5 years of age) with disabilities. Utilizing the 2016 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) dataset ( N = 14,494), we conducted descriptive analysis and regressions with complex survey weighting procedure. The results suggested that one in three children (35.0%) with disabilities would have at least one ACE. The prevalence rates of experiencing the nine specific ACEs were much higher for children with disabilities. Importantly, the five most prevalent ACEs for children with disabilities were hard to cover basic food and housing (40.9%), parental divorce (24.3%), alcohol/drug problems (11.1%), parent or guardian incarceration (10.6%), and adult abuse (6.8%), which were all related to family challenges. We identified several key child/family risk factors (e.g., child age, marital status, adult health) that helped inform cross-system screening, referral, and collaboration opportunities. A discussion about policy implication and further research directions is provided.

Ergonomic approaches to the organization of workplaces of teenagers at school

2020 ◽  
pp. 533-533
Author(s):  
V. A. Ablyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Visual Analyzer

The ergonomics of workplaces in the educational environment makes a significant effect on adolescents’ health, may create risk factors for disorders of the musculoskeletal system and the visual analyzer, which affect the work ability and quality of future life.

Clinical case of a comorbid patient with arterial hypertension

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Ella Polozova ◽  
Vsevolod Skvortsov ◽  
Olga Radaykina ◽  
Mariya Narvatkina ◽  
Anastasiya Seskina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
The Moment

The widespread prevalence of comorbid pathology determines the relevance of this problem. Comorbid pathology due to the interaction of diseases, drug pathomorphism, age characteristics of the patient, significantly changes clinical picture and course of the main nosology, affects severity of complications and their nature, significantly affects quality of life and prognosis of patients. Diagnosis and treatment of many diseases is complicated in the conditions of comorbidity. The article presents a clinical case of a comorbid patient with arterial hypertension from the moment of exposure to risk factors and ending with the formation of many concomitant diseases, as an example of trans-nosological comorbidity.

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