scholarly journals Rare Giant Granular Cell Ameloblastoma: A Case Report and an Immunohistochemical Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Hunasgi ◽  
Anila Koneru ◽  
Dinesh Singh Chauhan ◽  
Yadavalli Guruprasad
Keyword(s):  
Cell Transformation ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Granular Cells ◽  
Fibrous Stroma ◽  
Cd 68 ◽  
Moderate Staining ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Peripheral Cells

Aims. The aim is to present a case of rare giant granular cell ameloblastoma and to review the pertinent literature highlighting the molecular aspects of its pathogenesis by analyzing the expression of CD-68, Bcl-2, andβ-catenin.Methods. H and E stained sections showed large odontogenic islands showing peripheral ameloblast-like cells and central stellate reticulum-like cells with extensive granular cell transformation surrounded by fibrous stroma. Polyclonal rabbit anti-CD 68, anti-Bcl2, and anti-β-catenin were stained immunohistochemically.Results. CD-68 showed a moderate to strong staining intensity in granular cells. Moderate staining of Bcl-2 was expressed by the peripheral columnar cells of tumor islands and negative in the granular cells. Expression ofβ-catenin was generally weak, except for only the focal areas that showed a moderate staining intensity and weak in peripheral cells.Conclusion. The present case of giant granular cell ameloblastoma is a rare entity. Development of monstrous size is indicative of ameloblastomas persistent growth. Granular cell transformation in ameloblastomas probably occurs as a consequence of extensive molecular changes. Immunohistochemical studies help us to know the pathogenesis of this granular cell ameloblastoma. Therefore, an effort has been made here to study the expression of Bcl-2, CD-68, andβ-catenin.

Granular Cell Astrocytoma

2008 ◽  
Vol 132 (12) ◽  
pp. 1946-1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Shi ◽  
Nora Morgenstern
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Membrane Antigen ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Granular Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
Clinical Behavior ◽  
Prominent Component ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Aggressive Clinical Behavior

Abstract Granular cell astrocytoma (GCA) is a rare type of malignant brain tumor with distinct morphologic features and aggressive clinical behavior. Almost all GCAs occur in the cerebral hemispheres. It is characterized by a prominent component of bland-looking granular cells. The tumor cells are usually positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, S100, CD68, and epithelial membrane antigen. The most important differential diagnoses include a number of reactive lesions such as cerebral infarction, multiple sclerosis, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Electron microscopic study reveals that the granules of GCA correspond to an increased number of intracytoplasmic lysosomes. The histogenesis of GCA is still unclear, but most people believe it originates from astrocytes. Loss of 9p and 10q were identified in almost all cases of GCA, but they are not specific for this tumor. Surgical excision plus postoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy is the choice for most patients with GCA.

Astrocytoma with Granular Cell Tumor-like Changes. Report of a Case with Histochemical and Ultrastructural Characterization of Granular Cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshitsugu Nakamura ◽  
Junko Hirato ◽  
Masao Hotchi ◽  
Kazuhiko Kyoshima ◽  
Yuichi Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Granular Cell Tumor ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Granular Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Characterization

scholarly journals Granules in Granular Cell Lesions of the Head and Neck: A Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
T. Lakkashetty Yogesh ◽  
S. V. Sowmya
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Granular Cells ◽  
Cell Of Origin ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Lysosomal Accumulation ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Proper Diagnosis

Granular cell lesions of the oral mucosa, jaws, and salivary glands constitute a heterogeneous group of lesions which may be either odontogenic, salivary gland, or metastatic in origin. Granular cells in these proliferations most commonly are the result of lysosomal accumulation, aging, degenerative, metabolic alteration, increased apoptosis, cytoplasmic autophagocytosis, and many more. Many benign and malignant tumors that occur in the oral cavity contain granular cells as a characteristic component of their pathology. Sometimes dilemma exists in the proper diagnosis of these granular cell lesions and the cell of origin because they share similar light and electron microscopic features. Therefore, immunohistochemistry helps to confirm histologic impressions and differentiate other neoplastic entities with granular cytoplasmic features. Granularity in a normal histopathology is a rare but innocuous change and does not influence the biologic behaviour of smooth muscle tumors except few lesions such as cutaneous granular cell angiosarcoma and granular cell ameloblastoma which have shown poor prognosis. This paper aims to review the clinical and pathologic features, different immunohistochemical profiles of granules in granular cell lesions of head and neck with an attempted working classification.

Granular Cell Traumatic Neuroma

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 709-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Rosso ◽  
Mario Scelsi ◽  
Luciano Carnevali
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Soft Part ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Granular Cells ◽  
Traumatic Neuroma ◽  
Nerve Bundles ◽  
Cell Changes

Abstract Background.—Granular cell changes can be observed in a variety of benign and malignant tumors, and are seen more commonly in granular cell tumors, which in about 5% of cases develop in the breast. Granular cells also have been observed in sites of previous trauma, such as surgery, and are found to be inflammatory reactions of histiocytic origin. Methods and Results.—We investigated, morphologically and immunohistochemically, 2 granular cell lesions occurring in mastectomy scars after surgery for carcinoma. Both lesions were composed of strands and nests of large granular cells, haphazardly set in a background of fibrous tissue, with sparse inflammatory infiltrates. Several tortuous hypertrophic nerve bundles were also embedded in the fibrous tissue. A few of these nerve bundles showed degenerative changes and contained granular cells. Immunohistochemically, granular cells were positive for S100 protein, neuron-specific enolase, vimentin, and CD68 antigen. Conclusions.—We consider these proliferative lesions of peripheral nerves to have the features of both granular cell tumor and traumatic neuroma. These cases indicate that traumatic neuroma can undergo extensive granular cell changes and constitute a previously unrecognized entity, which we provisionally label granular cell traumatic neuroma. Granular cell traumatic neuroma has to be taken into consideration when evaluating lesions occurring at mastectomy scars and should be differentiated from malignant tumors with granular cells, such as apocrine carcinoma and alveolar soft part sarcoma.

Multifocal Granular Cell Tumor of the Esophagus and Proximal Stomach With Infiltrative Pattern

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (10) ◽  
pp. 967-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odile David ◽  
Shriram Jakate
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Granular Cell Tumor ◽  
African American Woman ◽  
American Woman ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Granular Cells ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Proximal Stomach

Abstract The granular cell tumor is a solitary painless nodule that arises most commonly on the skin or the tongue. The vast majority are benign. Approximately 5% to 9% of granular cell tumors have been reported in the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly in the esophagus. We report a case of a 45-year-old African American woman with multifocal granular cell tumors of the esophagus and proximal stomach. Two lesions within the distal esophagus and proximal stomach were characteristic nodular granular cell tumors. Within the mid esophagus there was poorly defined transmural involvement by benign-appearing granular cells. This pattern of infiltration by benign cells is uncharacteristic. A review of the literature with emphasis on the determination of malignancy is also presented.

Changes in the expression of the carbohydrate epitope HNK-1 associated with mesoderm induction in the chick embryo

Development ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Canning ◽  
C.D. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Affinity Purification ◽  
Primitive Streak ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Mesoderm Induction ◽  
Lateral Plate ◽  
Chick Blastoderm ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Related Proteins

We report that a monoclonal antibody, HNK-1, identifies specific regions and cell types during primitive streak formation in the chick blastoderm. Immunohistochemical studies show that the cells of the forming hypoblast are HNK-1 positive from the earliest time at which they can be identified. Some cells of the margin of the blastoderm are also positive. The mesoderm cells of the primitive streak stain strongly with the antibody from the time of their initial appearance. In the epiblast, some cells are positive and some negative at pre-primitive-streak stages, but as the primitive streak develops a gradient of staining intensity is seen within the upper layer, increasing towards the primitive streak. At later stages of development, the notochord and the mesenchyme of the headfold are positive, while the rest of the mesoderm (lateral plate) no longer expresses HNK-1 immunoreactivity. This antibody therefore reveals changes associated with mesodermal induction: before induction, it recognizes the ‘inducing’ tissue (the hypoblast) and reveals a mosaic pattern in the responding tissue (the epiblast); after primitive streak formation, the mesoderm of the primitive streak that results from the inductive interactions expresses the epitope strongly. Affinity purification of HNK-1-related proteins in various tissues was carried out, followed by SDS-PAGE to identify them. The hypoblast, mesoderm and epiblast of gastrulating chick embryos have some HNK-1-related proteins in common, while others are unique to specific tissues. Attempts have been made to identify these proteins using Western blots and antibodies known to recognize HNK-1-related molecules, but none of the antibodies used identify the bands unique to any of the tissues studied. We conclude that these proteins may be novel members of the HNK-1/L2 family, and that they may have a role in cell interactions during early development.

Functional Imaging of Neurotransmitters in Hymenolepis diminuta Treated with Senna Plant Through Light and Confocal Microscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-743
Author(s):  
Bidisha Ukil ◽  
Suman Kundu ◽  
Larisha Mawkhlieng Lyndem
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Marker Enzyme ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Acetylthiocholine Iodide ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies

AbstractPrevious studies have shown the anthelmintic efficacy of Senna alata, Senna alexandrina and Senna occidentalis on the zoonotic parasite Hymenolepis diminuta through microscopic studies on morphological structure. The present study is based on the light and confocal microscopic studies to understand if Senna extracts affect neurotransmitter activity of the parasites. A standard concentration (40 mg/mL) of the three leaf extracts and one set of 0.005 mg/mL concentration of the reference drug praziquantel were tested against the parasites, keeping another set of parasites in phosphate buffer saline as a control. Histochemical studies were carried out using acetylthiocholine iodide as the substrate and acetylcholinesterase as the marker enzyme for studying the expression of the neurotransmitter of the parasite and the staining intensity was observed under a light microscope. Immunohistochemical studies were carried out using anti serotonin primary antibody and fluorescence tagged secondary antibody and observed using confocal microscopy. Intensity of the stain decreases in treated parasites compared with the control which implies loss of activity of the neurotransmitters. These observations indicated that Senna have a strong anthelmintic effect on the parasite model and thus pose as a potential anthelmintic therapy.

scholarly journals Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Metastasis to the Spleen in a Holstein Cow

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. I. Jeong ◽  
S. H. Do ◽  
M. H. Sohn ◽  
H. S. Yun ◽  
O. D. Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Splenic Metastasis ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Fibrous Stroma ◽  
Holstein Cow ◽  
Stromal Response ◽  
Immunohistochemical Methods ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with metastasis to the spleen in a Holstein cow was studied by histopathologic and immunohistochemical methods. The tumor was characterized by a pseudoglandular (acinar) pattern with an associated fibrous stroma. Individual cells often had a “hepatoid” appearance but were interspersed with scattered cells exhibiting a clear, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive cytoplasm and small eccentric nuclei. This pattern was present in nodules found in both liver and spleen. Moreover, hepatoid tumor cells were positive for alpha-fetoprotein. Immunohistochemical studies suggest that myofibroblasts were responsible for the production of fibrous septa surrounding the pseudoglandular structures of bovine HCC. In summary, our histologic and immunohistochemical findings support a diagnosis of primary HCC with splenic metastasis. Furthermore, the associated stromal response appears to be of a myofibroblast origin. The primary etiology of bovine HCC and the significance of the intralesional, PAS-positive clear cells remain undetermined.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Tumors of the Meninges in Rats

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Mitsumori ◽  
R. R. Maronpot ◽  
G. A. Boorman
Keyword(s):  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Granular Cells ◽  
Spontaneous Tumors ◽  
National Toxicology Program ◽  
Anatomic Location ◽  
Arachnoid Cell

Histologic brain sections from 107 rats reported to have granular cell tumors or meningiomas in 2-year carcinogenicity studies conducted by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) or the National Cancer Institute (NCI) were reexamined microscopically. There were 62 rats with granular cell tumors, 26 with benign meningiomas, and 19 with meningeal sarcomas. Granular cell tumors were compatible with previous descriptions of this tumor. Meningeal sarcomas were subclassified into nine spindle cell sarcomas and ten fibrosarcomas. Among the rats with benign meningiomas, five were typical meningiomas (three fibroblastic meningiomas, and two meningothelial meningiomas) and 21 were meningothelial meningiomas containing cells with granules identical to those in granular cell tumors. There was a transition from epithelial-like cells of the meningothelial meningiomas to granular cells in these 21 cases. Based upon anatomic location, cytomorphologic similarities, and the occurrence of transitional or mixed forms of meningothelial meningiomas and granular cell tumors, it is suggested that these two tumors are related and may both originate from a common progenitor meningothelial arachnoid cell.

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