Effect of Additives and Process Variables on Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Macauba Kernel Oil (Acrocomia aculeata)

This work investigates the production of free fatty acids (FFAs) from the enzymatic hydrolysis of macauba kernel oil. Experiments evaluate the effect of different enzymes and the addition of salts, surfactants, and solvents to the reaction medium, as well as the effect of process variables. Results showed that FFA yields obtained for use of Lipozyme RM IM were higher than those obtained from Lipozyme TL IM and Lipozyme 435. The addition of salts and surfactants did not promote increased production of FFAs, while addingn-hexane and heptane to the reaction medium led to an increased reaction rate. It can be observed for the results that the temperature, water : oil mass ratio, and enzyme percentage had positive effects on the FFA yield in the range of 35°C to 55°C, 1 : 20 to 1 : 2, and 1 to 15%, respectively, and that, from these limits, increases in these variables did not cause significant increase in FFA yields. The addition of buffer promoted an increase in yield FFAs, as well as the pH of the buffer, and it was reported that an agitation of 400 rpm resulted in the highest yields in the investigated range.

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Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Wheat Straw in a Stirred-Tank Reactor

10.32920/ryerson.14648721.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ejaz Khan

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Reaction Medium ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Stirred Tank ◽

Atmospheric Conditions ◽

Stirred Tank Reactor ◽

Tank Reactor ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Initial Conversion

In an attempt to elucidate the effect of some operating conditions on the rate and extent of enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials in a stirred tank reactor, wheat straw was hydrolyzed by mixing with two pitched-blade impellers mounted on a shaft under various atmospheric conditions: static air in headspace, N₂ gas flowing over the surface of the medium, and minimal static air by a lid touching the surface of the medium. The presence of N₂ gas over the reaction medium produced by the highest 6.9 % (w/w) conversion in 36 hours. The initial conversion when N₂ gas flowed in the headspace (2.9 % w/w), and when a lid was used (2.9 % w/w) as compared to conversion in air presence (2.3 % w/w), seems to indicate that the enzyme activity was affected due to oxidation in the presence of air. The observed low conversion yield was probably the result of the non sterile conditions imposed by industrial requirements for the production of biofuel ethanol from agricultural lignocellulosics.

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Effect of additives on the enzymatic hydrolysis of pre-treated wheat straw

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering ◽

10.1007/s43153-021-00092-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Priscilla Vergara ◽

Miguel Ladero ◽

José Mª Carbajo ◽

Félix García-Ochoa ◽

Juan C. Villar

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Effect Of Additives ◽

Hydrolysis Of

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Development of a fluorogenic small substrate for dipeptidyl peptidase-4

Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry ◽

10.3762/bjoc.13.267 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 2690-2697 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Futa Ogawa ◽

Masanori Takeda ◽

Kanae Miyanaga ◽

Keita Tani ◽

Ryuji Yamazawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Reaction Medium ◽

Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽

Fluorogenic Substrate ◽

Fluorometric Determination ◽

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽

Fluorogenic Probes ◽

Hydrolysis Of

A series of aniline and m-phenylenediamine derivatives with electron-withdrawing 3,3,3-trifluoropropenyl substituents were synthesized as small and chemically stable fluorescent organic compounds. Their fluorescence performances were evaluated by converting 2,4-disubstituted aniline 1 to the non-fluorescent dipeptide analogue H-Gly-Pro-1 for the use as a fluorogenic substrate for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). The progress of the enzymatic hydrolysis of H-Gly-Pro-1 with DPP-4 was monitored by fluorometric determination of 1 released into the reaction medium. The results suggest that 1 could be used as fluorophore in OFF–ON-type fluorogenic probes.

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Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Wheat Straw in a Stirred-Tank Reactor

10.32920/ryerson.14648721 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ejaz Khan

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Reaction Medium ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Stirred Tank ◽

Atmospheric Conditions ◽

Stirred Tank Reactor ◽

Tank Reactor ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Initial Conversion

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Disparate roles of solvent extractable lignin and residual bulk lignin in enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated sweetgum

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c5ra22308c ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (119) ◽

pp. 97966-97974 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Chenhuan Lai ◽

Maobing Tu ◽

Qiang Yong ◽

Shiyuan Yu

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Hydrolysis Of

The roles of solvent extractable lignin and residual bulk lignin in enzymatic hydrolysis of Avicel and lignocellulosic biomass were distinguished in this study. The extractable lignin showed the positive effects on enzymatic hydrolysis.

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Effects of algal hydrolyzate as reaction medium on enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocelluloses

Biomass and Bioenergy ◽

10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.04.028 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 67 ◽

pp. 72-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rui Chen ◽

Benjamin D. Thomas ◽

Yan (Susie) Liu ◽

Walter Mulbry ◽

Wei Liao

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Reaction Medium ◽

Hydrolysis Of

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OBTAINING AND CHARACTERISTIC OF MUROPEPTIDES OF PROBIOTIC CULTURES CELL WALLS

Food Science and Technology ◽

10.15673/fst.v12i1.885 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

A. Kapustian ◽

N. Cherno ◽

I. Kolomiіets

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Reaction Medium ◽

Lactobacillus Delbrueckii ◽

Enzyme Treatment ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Gel Chromatography ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Lactobacillus Delbrueckii Subsp

The possibility of muropeptides obtaining of peptidoglycans of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus B-3964 cell walls by the combination of the use of autolytic processes and enzyme treatment of biomass with the participation of lysozyme and papain has been considered. It has been established that the most significant autolytic changes in biomass occur in the application of high-temperature processing (90°C for 30 minutes) in the final stage of the logarithmic phase of bacterial growth. Thus, after eighth hour of biomass incubation at 37°C, the amino acid content in the culture medium was 1.8 mg/cm3, and at 90°C it was 5.7 mg/cm3. In order to further destruction of biomass autolysate and obtaining of low molecular weight peptidoglycan fragments, the process of its enzymatic hydrolysis was studied with lysozyme and papain separately and at their combination. The highest content of low molecular weight peptides in the reaction medium occurred at enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus B-3964 by the composition of enzymes at a ratio of lysozyme : papain 1:2. At a concentration of enzymes 10 mg/cm3, the content of low molecular weight peptides was 7.2 mg/cm3 after eighth hour of incubation of the reaction mixture. The results of studies have been shown that the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of autolysates is much higher. Thus, the amount of low molecular weight peptides in the hydrolysate obtained by processing the autolysate with the composition of lysozyme : papain 1:2 at an enzymes concentration 10 mg/cm3 and the duration of the process for 8 hours by 36% higher than for similar hydrolysis parameters without the use of the process of autolysis.The method of gel chromatography was proved that in the hydrolysate there are fractions of protein compounds with a molecular weight in the range of 70–90 kDa, 30–40 kDa and 294–650 Da. The molecular weight of the latter fraction corresponds to the mass of the muramyl dipeptide. The presence of muropeptides was proved by reaction with the Anthron reagent.

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