Modeling Growth and Yield ofSchizolobium amazonicumunder Different Spacings

This study aimed to present an approach to model the growth and yield of the speciesSchizolobium amazonicum(Paricá) based on a study of different spacings located in Pará, Brazil. Whole-stand models were employed, and two modeling strategies (Strategies A and B) were tested. Moreover, the following three scenarios were evaluated to assess the accuracy of the model in estimating total and commercial volumes at five years of age: complete absence of data (S1); available information about the variables basal area, site index, dominant height, and number of trees at two years of age (S2); and this information available at five years of age (S3). The results indicated that the 3 × 2 spacing has a higher mortality rate than normal, and, in general, greater spacing corresponds to larger diameter and average height and smaller basal area and volume per hectare. In estimating the total and commercial volumes for the three scenarios tested, Strategy B seems to be the most appropriate method to estimate the growth and yield of Paricá plantations in the study region, particularly because Strategy A showed a significant bias in its estimates.

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EVOLUÇÃO DA ÁREA BASAL E DO VOLUME EM BRACATINGAIS NATIVOS SUBMETIDOS À DIFERENTES DENSIDADES INICIAIS E EM DIFERENTES SÍTIOS

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v32i1.2349 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sebastião Do Amaral Machado ◽

Ana Elizabete N. Tonon ◽

Afonso Figueiredo Filho ◽

Edilson Batista Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Initial Density ◽

Basal Area ◽

Site Index ◽

Metropolitan Region ◽

Data Set ◽

Permanent Sample Plots ◽

Dominant Height ◽

Site Classes ◽

Volume Em ◽

Area And Volume

Foram analisados os efeitos de quatro densidades iniciais (2, 4, 8 e 25,15 mil plantas por hectare) e de 3 classes de sítio, cujos índices de sítios são 10,2; 13,5 e 16,8 m de altura dominante aos 7 anos de idade, sobre a área basal e volume por hectare em povoamentos nativos de bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella Benth.) na região metropolitana de Curitiba. Os dados provieram de um experimento de densidades em blocos ao acaso medidos nas idades de 4,1; 5,1; 6,3 e 7,6 anos. Os efeitos da densidade inicial e do sítio sobre a área basal (G) e volume (V) por hectare foram verificados através de análise de variância seguida do teste de Tukey, quando pertinente. A densidade inicial de 4 mil plantas por hectare gerou maiores valores de G e V nas últimas idades de medição. A área basal/ha não sofreu efeitos significativos do sítio em nenhuma das medições, enquanto que o volume/ha foi afetado por este fator (sítio) até a idade de 6,3 anos. Evolution of Basal Area and Volume per Hectare in Native "Bracatingais" Submited to Different Initial Densities and Different Sites Abstract The objectives of this research were to study the effects of four initial densities (2000, 4000, 8000 and 25150 plants/ha) and three site classes (site index 10.2, 13.5 and 16.8 m of dominant height at age seven) on basal area (G) and volume per hectare (V) for native stands of bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella Benth.) in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba, Brazil. The data set came from permanent sample plots of a density trial established in a random blocks design. These plots were measured at ages 4.1, 5.1, 6.3, and 7.6 years of age. The effects of initial density and site on basal area and volume per hectare were verified through graphics and analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test when necessary. The initial density of 4,000 plants/ha generated the highest values of basal area and volume in the last ages of measurement. The basal area/ha did not sufered significative effects of site at any one of the measurement ages, while volume/ha was affected by this factor (site) until the age of 6.3 years.

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Volume par unité de surface terrière, comme moyen d'évaluer la productivité de stations et la production des plantations d'épinette blanche au Québec

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x74-018 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 127-137

Author(s):

S. Popovich

Keyword(s):

Basal Area ◽

White Spruce ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Average Height ◽

Site Productivity ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Dominant Height ◽

Average Form

This paper presents a method of evaluating site productivity by volume per square foot of basal area, comparing it with the method of dominant height. Based on this method, this study also offers tables for estimating the production of plantations in relation to the average height, the average form quotient, and to the average basal area of the stand. Moreover, this study gives practical instructions about several factors influencing growth and yield of white spruce (Piceaglauca, Moench.) plantations in the province of Quebec.

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La qualité des stations et la productivité des plantations de pin rouge (Pinus resinosa Ait.) au Québec.

The Forestry Chronicle ◽

10.5558/tfc51016-1 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 16-20

Author(s):

S. Popovich

Keyword(s):

Basal Area ◽

Pinus Resinosa ◽

Site Index ◽

Red Pine ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Site Quality ◽

Average Height ◽

Stand Volume ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

The Relationship

This paper presents an evaluation of site quality based on the relationship between volume per square foot of basal area and age of plantation, for planted red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) in Quebec.A graph for the three site index classes is included with indication for its use. There is a table showing the values of volume per square foot of basal area as a function of average height and average form quotient of a stand, permitting a rapid evaluation of stand volume of a plantation. Finally, several factors affecting growth and yield of red pine plantations for various sites in Quebec are discussed.

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GROWTH AND YIELD OF EVEN-AGED Cupressus lusitanica PLANTATIONS IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v51i4.75135 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 980

Author(s):

Mário Dobner Jr.

Keyword(s):

Basal Area ◽

Site Index ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Site Quality ◽

Timber Species ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Cupressus Lusitanica ◽

Dominant Height ◽

Dominant Height Growth ◽

Quality Variation

Plantation forestry in southern Brazil demands additional timber species to a higher market differentiation by providing high quality timber and exploitation of market niches. Cupressus lusitanica has long been recognized for this purpose but, until now, it was not properly region-wide quantified in terms of growth and yield. The present study delivers the lacking quantitative approach, which may encourage the commercial use of the species. With this study it was aimed at collecting and processing quantitative data from all known C. lusitanica stands in southern Brazil. Inventories were carried out (60 ha, 6-39 years of age) in order to model the development of dominant height (h100), basal area, volume and dominant diameter (d100). Dominant height was the basis for site quality evaluation, delivering site index curves, which, together with the commercial volume of the stands, allowed yield modelling. A wide amplitude of dominant height growth was detected (10-30 m at 20 years), indicating a great site quality variation. At age of 20 years, commercial volumes of 110 and 620 m³ ha-1 were observed for site indexes of 14 and 26, respectively, equivalent to a maximum of 6-31 m³ ha-1 year-1 at ages between 16-18 years. Results demonstrated in a robust manner that C. lusitanica has a high potential for cultivation in southern Brazil. Thus, offering the opportunity of market differentiation by promoting market niches whose demands timber for special solid end-uses.

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Growth and Yield of Red Pine in Central Pennsylvania

Northern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/njaf/2.4.111 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 111-113

Author(s):

Brian R. Goss ◽

Todd W. Bowersox ◽

Rex E. Melton

Keyword(s):

Basal Area ◽

Site Index ◽

Red Pine ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Average Height ◽

Internal Drainage ◽

Central Pennsylvania ◽

Natural Range ◽

Stand Basal Area

Abstract Reforestation projects of the 1930s established plantations of red pine in central Pennsylvania. When planted in soils of shale or sandstone origin with good internal drainage, these plantations would achieve 65 to 90 ft in average height at 50 years of age. Unthinned stand basal area for trees planted at 6 x 6, 8 x 8, and 10 x 10 ft ranged from 200 to 290 ft² at 42 years of age. Periodic inventories from 16 thinned and 18 unthinned plantations between 15 and 42 years of age were used to determine the importance of original spacing, site index, and thinning on growth and yield. These central Pennsylvania plantations were comparable to natural range stands in accumulated volume and response to thinning, when age and site index were taken into account. North. J. Appl. For. 2:111-113, Dec. 1985.

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MODELAGEM DO CRESCIMENTO E PRODUÇÃO EM CLASSES DE PRECIPITAÇÃO PLUVIOMÉTRICA PARA Eucalyptus sp.

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v45i1.33664 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 117 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rodrigo Otávio Veiga Miranda ◽

Andrea Nogueira Dias ◽

Afonso Figueiredo Filho ◽

Izabele Domingues Soares ◽

Jovane Pereira Cruz

Keyword(s):

Eucalyptus Grandis ◽

Basal Area ◽

Site Index ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽

Volumetric Growth ◽

Dominant Height ◽

Dominant Height Growth ◽

Key Steps ◽

A Site

Uma das etapas fundamentais na modelagem do crescimento e produção é a identificação dos sítios, geralmente determinados pela relação entre altura dominante e idade. Porém há situações em que se torna interessante o uso de outras variáveis, como a precipitação pluviométrica, devido à grande correlação com a produtividade do povoamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a influência da estratificação por classes de precipitação pluviométrica no crescimento e produção volumétrica de Eucalyptus sp. Os dados provêm de plantios de híbridos de Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden x Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake, do estado da Bahia, distribuídos em sete classes de precipitação, consideradas como estratos conforme o teste de Dette e Neumeyer (2001). Foram determinados os índices de sítio a cada classe de precipitação, sendo utilizada a área basal inicial média em cada um desses sítios. O modelo de Clutter foi empregado para a modelagem e as estimativas de produção foram comparadas pelo teste F de Graybill. A precipitação média influenciou no crescimento em altura dominante. A modelagem realizada por classe de precipitação gerou resultados similares àqueles obtidos pela modelagem sem estratificação, porém com maior precisão, sendo considerada adequada para estimar a produção para povoamentos clonais de eucalipto.Palavras-chave: Eucalipto; ANCOVA não paramétrica; modelo de Clutter. AbstractModeling of growth and yield by pluviometric precipitation classes for Eucalyptus sp. One of the key steps in modeling of growth and yield is the identification of different sites, which are generally determined by the relation of dominant height and age. However, there are situations in which it becomes interesting to use other variables, such as pluviometric precipitation, due to the high correlation with the productivity of the stand. This research aims to investigate influence of stratification by classes of precipitation in volumetric growth and yield of Eucalyptus sp. We collected data in hybrid stands of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden x Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake, from the state of Bahia, Brazil; such stands were distributed in seven classes of precipitation, each considered a site accordingly to Dette and Neumeyer (2001) test. We determined the site index for each class of precipitation, using the initial average basal area in each site. The Clutter model was used for modeling, and production estimates compared by Graybill F test. The average precipitation influenced the dominant height growth. The modeling performed by precipitation classes generated similar results to those obtained by modeling without stratification, but more accurately; we can consider it appropriate to estimate production to clonal eucalyptus stands.Keywords: Eucalypt; nonparametric ANCOVA; Clutter model.

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FlorNExT®, a cloud computing application to estimate growth and yield of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) stands in Northeastern Portugal

Forest Systems ◽

10.5424/fs/2016252-08975 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. eRC08 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fernando Pérez-Rodríguez ◽

Luis Nunes ◽

Ângelo Sil ◽

João Azevedo

Keyword(s):

Cloud Computing ◽

Pinus Pinaster ◽

Basal Area ◽

Site Index ◽

Maritime Pine ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Forest Modelling ◽

Transition Functions ◽

Dominant Height ◽

Pinus Pinaster Ait

Aim of the study: To introduce and describe FlorNExT®, a free cloud computing application to estimate growth and yield of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) even-aged stands in the Northeast of Portugal (NE Portugal).Area of study: NE Portugal.Material and methods: FlorNExT® implements a dynamic growth and yield modelling framework which integrates transition functions for dominant height (site index curves) and basal area, as well as output functions for tree and stand volume, biomass, and carbon content.Main results: FlorNExT® is freely available from any device with an Internet connection at: http://flornext.esa.ipb.pt/.Research highlights: This application has been designed to make it possible for any stakeholder to easily estimate standing volume, biomass, and carbon content in maritime pine stands from stand data, as well as to estimate growth and yield based on four stand variables: age, density, dominant height, and basal area. FlorNExT® allows planning thinning treatments. FlorNExT® is a fundamental tool to support forest mobilization at local and regional scales in NE Portugal.Keywords: forest management; maritime pine; forest modelling; knowledge transfer tool.

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A Dynamic Stand Growth Model System for Loblolly Pine Responding to Mid-Rotation Treatments

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12050556 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 556

Author(s):

Mauricio Zapata-Cuartas ◽

Bronson P. Bullock ◽

Cristian R. Montes ◽

Michael B. Kane

Keyword(s):

Growth Model ◽

Loblolly Pine ◽

Basal Area ◽

Model System ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Site Quality ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Plantation Management ◽

Vegetation Control ◽

Dominant Height

Intensive loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation management in the southeastern United States includes mid-rotation silvicultural practices (MRSP) like thinning, fertilization, competitive vegetation control, and their combinations. Consistent and well-designed long-term studies considering interactions of MRSP are required to produce accurate projections and evaluate management decisions. Here we use longitudinal data from the regional Mid-Rotation Treatment study established by the Plantation Management Research Cooperative (PMRC) at the University of Georgia across the southeast U.S. to fit and validate a new dynamic model system rooted in theoretical and biological principles. A Weibull pdf was used as a modifier function coupled with the basal area growth model. The growth model system and error projection functions were estimated simultaneously. The new formulation results in a compatible and consistent growth and yield system and provides temporal responses to treatment. The results indicated that the model projections reproduce the observed behavior of stand characteristics. The model has high predictive accuracy (the cross-validation variance explained was 96.2%, 99.7%, and 98.6%; and the prediction root mean square distance was 0.704 m, 19.1 trees ha−1, and 1.03 m2ha−1 for dominant height (DH), trees per hectare (N), and basal area (BA), respectively), and can be used to project the current stand attributes following combinations of MRSP and with different thinning intensities. Simulations across southern physiographic regions allow us to conclude that the most overall ranking of MRSP after thinning is fertilization + competitive vegetation control (Fert + CVC) > fertilization only (Fert) > competitive vegetation control only (CVC), and Fert + CVC show less than additive effect. Because of the model structure, the response to treatment changes with location, age of application, and dominant height growth as indicators of site quality. Therefore, the proposed model adequately represents regional growth conditions.

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A Growth and Yield Model for Improved Eastern Cottonwood Plantations in the Lower Mississippi Delta

Southern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/sjaf/15.4.213 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 213-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Quang V. Cao ◽

Kenneth M. Durand

Keyword(s):

Populus Deltoides ◽

Mississippi Delta ◽

Basal Area ◽

Site Index ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Annual Increment ◽

Yield Model ◽

Eastern Cottonwood ◽

Volume Yield ◽

Growth And Yield Model

Abstract A compatible growth and yield model was developed based on remeasurement data collected from 183 plots on unthinned improved eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr.) plantations in the lower Mississippi Delta. The Sullivan and Clutter (1972) equation form was selected for predicting cubic-foot volume yield and projecting volume from site index and initial age and basal area. Yield equations explained 97% and 94%, respectively, of the variations in total outside bark and merchantable inside bark volumes. Mean annual increment of merchantable volume culminated between 8 and 15 years, depending on site index and initial basal area. South. J. Appl. For. 15(4):213-216.

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Stand growth responses after fertilization for thinned lodgepole pine, Douglas-fir, and spruce in forests of interior British Columbia, Canada

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/cjfr-2019-0188 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (11) ◽

pp. 1471-1482

Author(s):

Woongsoon Jang ◽

Bianca N.I. Eskelson ◽

Louise de Montigny ◽

Catherine A. Bealle Statland ◽

Derek F. Sattler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Picea Glauca ◽

Lodgepole Pine ◽

Basal Area ◽

Stand Density ◽

Site Index ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Picea Sitchensis ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Growth Responses

This study was conducted to quantify growth responses of three major commercial conifer species (lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson), interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco), and spruce (white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) and hybrid spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry ex. Engelm. × Picea glauca (Moench) Voss × Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carrière))) to various fertilizer blends in interior British Columbia, Canada. Over 25 years, growth-response data were repeatedly collected across 46 installations. The fertilizer blends were classified into three groups: nitrogen only; nitrogen and sulfur combined; and nitrogen, sulfur, and boron combined. The growth responses for stand volume, basal area, and top height were calculated through absolute and relative growth rate ratios relative to a controlled group. Fertilizer blend, inverse years since fertilization, site index, stand density at fertilization, and their interactions with the fertilizer blend were used as explanatory variables. The magnitude and significance of volume and basal area growth responses to fertilization differed by species, fertilizer-blend groups, and stand-condition variables (i.e., site index and stand density). In contrast, the response in top height growth did not differ among fertilization blends, with the exception of the nitrogen and sulfur fertilizer subgroup for lodgepole pine. The models developed in this study will be incorporated into the current growth and yield fertilization module (i.e., Table Interpolation Program for Stand Yields (TIPSY)), thereby supporting guidance of fertilization applications in interior forests in British Columbia.

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