scholarly journals Susceptibility for Lupus Nephritis by Low Copy Number of theFCGR3BGene Is Linked to Increased Levels of Pathogenic Autoantibodies

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes C. Nossent ◽  
Andrea Becker-Merok ◽  
Maureen Rischmueller ◽  
Sue Lester
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Membrane Expression ◽  
Parameter Estimations ◽  
Nuclear Antigens ◽  
Low Copy Number ◽  
Serological Data ◽  
Ribosomal P

Low copy number (CN) of theFCGR3Bgene reducesFCGR3Bmembrane expression on neutrophils and results in clearance of a smaller amount of immune complex. We investigatedFCGR3BCN in relation to the clinical phenotype in a Caucasian SLE cohort ().FCGR3BCN was determined by three different qPCR parameter estimations (Ct−, Cy0, and cpD1) and confirmed by the FCGR2C/FCGR2A paralog ratio test. Clinical and serological data were then analyzed for their association withFCGR3BCN. LowFCGR3BCN (<2) was more frequent in SLE patients than in healthy controls () (20% versus 6%, OR 4.15, ) and associated with higher disease activity scores (SLEDAI 10.4 versus 6.1, ), lupus nephritis (LN) (25 versus 5%, ), and increased levels of antibodies against dsDNA (81 versus 37 IU, ), C1q (22 versus 6 IU, ), and ribosomal P (10 versus 5 IU, ). No such associations were seen with antibodies against extractable nuclear antigens or highFCGR3BCN (>2). In multivariate analyses, LN was independently associated with anti-C1q-Ab levels () and lowFCGR3BCN (). We conclude that the susceptibility for LN in patients with lowFCGR3BCN is linked to increased levels of pathogenic autoantibodies.

scholarly journals Low copy number of FCGR3B is associated with lupus nephritis in a Chinese population

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Zheng ◽  
Ruohan Yu ◽  
Congcong Gao ◽  
Xianan Jian ◽  
Songxia Quan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Low Copy Number

Infection with antiretroviral-susceptible HIV in an individual adherent to pre-exposure prophylaxis: strategies for treatment initiation

2021 ◽  
pp. 095646242097112
Author(s):  
Jessica M Hughes ◽  
Darrell HS Tan ◽  
Peter Anderson ◽  
Janani Bodhinayake ◽  
Paul A MacPherson
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Pharmacy Records ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Viral Copy Number ◽  
Low Copy Number ◽  
Viral Copy ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Tenofovir Diphosphate

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective at preventing sexual acquisition of HIV, and failures in clinical trials are largely attributable to medication nonadherence. We report here a case of infection with a fully susceptible strain of HIV in an individual adherent to PrEP as demonstrated by pharmacy records and intracellular tenofovir diphosphate levels. At diagnosis, the viral load was 90 copies/mL precluding initial genotype testing due to low copy number. While PrEP failure is rare, this case underscores the importance of regular HIV testing for patient on PrEP and prompts discussion regarding the approach to treatment following failure where an initial genotype is not yet available or not possible due to low viral load. Few other case reports of PrEP failure exist in the literature and approaches to treatment varied widely. We suggest the initial viral copy number may guide next steps and discuss the risks and benefits of stopping PrEP, escalating therapy with integrase inhibitors or boosted protease inhibitors, or switching to non-nucleoside antiretroviral treatment regimens.

Association of coexisting anti-ribosomal P and anti-dsDNA antibodies with histology and renal prognosis in lupus nephritis patients

Lupus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 096120332098390
Author(s):  
Ayako Wakamatsu ◽  
Hiroe Sato ◽  
Yoshikatsu Kaneko ◽  
Takamasa Cho ◽  
Yumi Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Renal Outcome ◽  
Class V ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Renal Histology ◽  
Renal Prognosis ◽  
Incidence Of Ckd ◽  
Ribosomal P

Objectives Anti-ribosomal P protein autoantibodies (anti-P) specifically develop in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Associations of anti-P with lupus nephritis (LN) histological subclass and renal outcome remain inconclusive. We sought to determine the association of anti-P and anti-double-stranded DNA antibody (anti-dsDNA) with renal histology and prognosis in LN patients. Methods Thirty-four patients with LN, having undergone kidney biopsy, were included. The 2018 revised ISN/RPS classification system was used for pathophysiological evaluation. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for > 3 months. Results Six patients (17.6%) were positive for anti-P and 26 (76.5%) for anti-dsDNA. Among the six patients with anti-P, one did not have anti-dsDNA, but did have anti-Sm antibody, and showed a histological subtype of class V. This patient maintained good renal function for over 14 years. The remaining five patients, who had both anti-P and anti-dsDNA, exhibited proliferative nephritis and were associated with prolonged hypocomplementemia, and the incidence of CKD did not differ from patients without anti-P. Conclusion Although this study included a small number of patients, the results indicated that histology class and renal prognosis associated with anti-P depend on the coexistence of anti-dsDNA. Further studies with a large number of patients are required to confirm this conclusion.

scholarly journals Retention of low copy number human papillomavirus DNA in cultured cutaneous and mucosal wart keratinocytes

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Williams ◽  
C. J. Sexton ◽  
A. L. Sinclair ◽  
K. J. Purdie ◽  
M. S. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Low Copy Number ◽  
Papillomavirus Dna

Counting Low-Copy Number Proteins in a Single Cell

Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 315 (5808) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Huang ◽  
H. Wu ◽  
D. Bhaya ◽  
A. Grossman ◽  
S. Granier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Low Copy Number

scholarly journals Differential expression of Zymomonas mobilis sucrase genes (sacB and sacC) in Escherichia coli and sucrase mutants of Zymomonas mobilis

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangiliyandi Gurunathan ◽  
Paramasamy Gunasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Zymomonas Mobilis ◽  
Northern Blot Analysis ◽  
Shuttle Vector ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Low Copy Number ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Sacb Gene ◽  
In Cells

The sacB and sacC genes encoding levansucrase and extracellular sucrase respectively were independently subcloned in pBluescript (high copy number) and in Z. mobilis-E. coli shuttle vector, pZA22 (low copy number). The expression of these genes were compared under identical background of E. coli and Z. mobilis host. The level of sacB gene expression in E. coli was almost ten fold less than the expression of sacC gene, irrespective of the growth medium or the host strain. In Z. mobilis the expression of sacB and sacC genes was shown to be subject to carbon source dependent regulation. The transcript of sacB and sacC was three fold higher in cells grown on sucrose than in cells grown on glucose/fructose. Northern blot analysis revealed that the transcript levels of sacC was approximately 2-3 times higher than that of sacB. These results suggested that the expression of sacC gene was more pronounced than sacB.

Equilibrium analysis of binding of Candida albicans to human buccal epithelial cells

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 336-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Staddon ◽  
Tom Todd ◽  
Randall T. Irvin
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Temperature Shift ◽  
Equilibrium Analysis ◽  
High Copy Number ◽  
Buccal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Low Copy Number ◽  
Receptor Interactions

The effect of growth temperature on the binding of Candida albicans to human buccal epithelial cells (BECs) was examined using an equilibrium of binding analysis. Candida albicans was cultured in M9 medium either for 12 h at 25 °C or for 9 h at 25 °C and then shifted to 37 °C for 3 h. The temperature shift did not result in germ tube formation; however, the adherence of C. albicans to BECs was altered. Shifting temperature increased the yeast's ability to bind to BECs. A Langmuir adsorption isotherm was used to calculate the maximum number of available binding sites (N) and the apparent association constants of binding (Ka) for all resolvable adhesin–receptor interactions. Three classes of adhesin–receptor interactions were resolved when the yeast was cultured at 25 °C and included a low copy number site (N = 3.0 cfu/BEC; Ka = 2.11 × 10−6 mL/cfu), a medium copy number site (N = 23.6 cfu/BEC, Ka = 8.21 × 10−7 mL/cfu), and a high copy number site (N = 91.7 cfu/BEC, Ka = 3.35 × 10−8 mL/cfu). Two classes of adhesin–receptor interactions were resolved when the incubation temperature was shifted to 37 °C: a low copy number site (N = 4.5 cfu/BEC, Ka = 3.98 × 10−6 mL/cfu) and a high copy number site (N = 150.5 cfu/BEC, Ka = 8.47 × 10−8 mL/cfu). Augmented C. albicans adherence to BECs due to the elevated growth temperatures appears to result from a temperature-regulated alteration in the C. albicans adhesin that recognizes a high copy number receptor site with relatively low affinity.

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