scholarly journals A Preliminary Study of the Suitability of Archival Bone Marrow and Peripheral Blood Smears for Diagnosis of CML Using FISH

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Charwudzi ◽  
Edeghonghon E. Olayemi ◽  
Ivy Ekem ◽  
Olufunmilayo Olopade ◽  
Mariann Coyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Interphase Fish ◽  
Genetic Abnormalities ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears ◽  
Cytogenetic Technique

Background.FISH is a molecular cytogenetic technique enabling rapid detection of genetic abnormalities. Facilities that can run fresh/wet samples for molecular diagnosis and monitoring of neoplastic disorders are not readily available in Ghana and other neighbouring countries. This study aims to demonstrate that interphase FISH can successfully be applied to archival methanol-fixed bone marrow and peripheral blood smear slides transported to a more equipped facility for molecular diagnosis of CML.Methods.Interphase FISH was performed on 22 archival methanol-fixed marrow (BM) and 3 peripheral blood (PB) smear slides obtained at diagnosis. The BM smears included 20 CML and 2 CMML cases diagnosed by morphology; the 3 PB smears were from 3 of the CML patients at the time of diagnosis. Six cases had knownBCR-ABLfusion results at diagnosis by RQ-PCR. Full blood count reports at diagnosis were also retrieved.Result.19 (95%) of the CML marrow smears demonstrated theBCR-ABLtranslocation. There was a significant correlation between theBCR-ABLtranscript detected at diagnosis by RQ-PCR and that retrospectively detected by FISH from the aged BM smears at diagnosis (r=0.870;P=0.035).Conclusion.Archival methanol-fixed marrow and peripheral blood smears can be used to detect theBCR-ABLtranscript for CML diagnosis.

scholarly journals CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF PANCYTOPENIA IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD SMEARS IDENTIFIED IN PATIENTS FROM BIHAR REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Vivek Kumar ◽  
Dr. Jaideo Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Peripheral Smear ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears

The severity of pancytopenia and the underlying pathology determine the management and prognosis. [3] Thus, identification of exact cause will help in implementing appropriate therapy. The major diagnostic problems occur when there are no specific features in the peripheral smear to point the cause. In India the causes of pancytopenia are not well defined, so the present study has been undertaken to evaluate the various causes and to correlate the peripheral blood smear findings. The present study was planned in Department of Pathology, Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College, Gaya, Bihar from july 2017 to Dec 2017. Total 50 cases of the clinical suspicion of a hematological disorder and demonstrating pancytopenia in the peripheral blood smears were enrolled in the present study. All participants underwent a detailed history, clinical examination and investigations which included complete blood picture with red cell indices and peripheral smear, liver function test, renal function test, ultrasound abdomen and bone marrow examination in all cases. Cause of pancytopenia was ascertained and data was analysed on SPSS on the basis of etiology, clinical and haematological findings. The data generated from the present study concludes that systematic and thorough workup is required in patients presenting with pancytopenia, so that elimination of the cause is needed to treat the condition. Among them, megaloblastic anaemia and infections are early treatable and reversible. Keywords: Pancytopenia, Bone Marrow Aspiration, Megaloblastic Anemia, Hypo plastic Marrow, etc

scholarly journals LEUKEMIA SEL BERAMBUT

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Reini Meilani Isbach ◽  
Agus Alim Abdullah ◽  
Mansyur Arif
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Cell Leukaemia ◽  
Definite Diagnosis ◽  
Hairy Cell ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Hairy Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears

Hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) is a neoplastic disorder of B lymphocytes originally described by Bouroncle et al. in 1958. HCL clinicalmanifestations varies, generally characterized by various degrees of splenomegaly, pancytopenia, or emphasis only on the two cell lines(bisitopenia), with the hairy cells in varying amounts in the peripheral blood smear and bone marrow. HCL is a very rare case, there areonly about 2% of all leukaemias more frequently in men than women (4:1) with the average age of disease onset between 50–55 years.The etiology of HCL is still not known. A case of HCL Leukaemia in a female patient, aged 55 years is reported which was a rare case.HCL diagnosis in this patient was based on the clinical manifestation (splenomegaly), and laboratory results (bisitopenia, neutropeniaand monositopenia) and about 80% hairy cells were found in peripheral blood smears. Definite diagnosis of HCL should be made by bonemarrow examination, immunophenotyping and cytogenesis.

scholarly journals Hypergranular promyelocytic leukemia (APL): cytogenetic and ultrastructural specificity

Blood ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Testa ◽  
HM Golomb ◽  
JD Rowley ◽  
JW Vardiman ◽  
DL Jr Sweet
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Ultrastructural Evidence ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Cytogenetic Analyses ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears ◽  
Ultrastructural Findings

Abstract Cytogenetic and ultrastructural findings were important diagnostic indicators of hypergranular promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in a patient whose bone marrow morphology appeared, by light microscopy, to be similar to that in acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) with maturation. Peripheral blood smears and bone marrow specimens examined by light microscopy showed few cells with the numerous coarse, azurophilic granules typical of APL. Cytogenetic analyses, with several banding techniques, of cells from bone marrow and unstimulated peripheral blood revealed the 15;17 translocation, which has been observed only in APL. A reinterpretation of the reciprocal translocation, based on R banding, suggests that the breakpoints are distal to q24 in No. 15 and at or near the junction of q21 and q22 in No. 17. In addition, the patient had disseminated intravascular coagulation. The characteristic morphology of granules seen in APL was observed in this case only when transmission electron microscopy was used, since the granules were quite small. Since treatment for AML differs from that for APL, identification of the 15;17 translocation and ultrastructural evidence of granules represent valuable diagnostic aids for APL.

scholarly journals Evaluation of EDTA induced pseudothrombocytopenia and the effect of alternative anticoagulants

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 626-629
Author(s):  
A Shrestha ◽  
S Karki
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Low Platelet Count ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Correct Estimation ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears

Background: Artifactual Thrombocytopenia is a condition in which there is falsely lowered platelet in patients who have thrombocytopenia but the absence of petechiae or echymoses. Pseudothrombocytopenia is also an artifactual thrombocytopenia caused by anticoagulant dependent agglutinins. The aim of this study was to compare the platelet count in pseudothrombocytopenia in EDTA anticoagulated samples and other alternative anticoagulants.Materials and methods: This study was performed in the department of hemotology hematology, Institute of medicine. All cases during study period were evaluated by EDTA-anticoagulated whole blood samples but criteria for selecting pseudothrombocytopenia patients was unexpectedly low platelet counts with clumping/aggregate on peripheral blood smear. Additional samples were collected in sodium citrate and heparin for examined.Results: A total of 50 patients aged between 18 to 90 years were found to have pseudothrombocytopenia. Platelet counts in samples anticoagulated with EDTA ranged from 20x109/l to 149x109/l and samples from same patients anticoagulated with citrate ranged from 41x109 /l to 312x109 /l and heparin showed platelet count ranging from 29x10 9 /l to 210x109 /l. The mean platelet count in EDTA- anticoagulated blood of individuals with pseudothrombocytopenia was 104x109/l whereas the mean platelet count in citrate and heparin-anticoagulated samples was 151x109/land123x109/l respectively. Platelet counts decreased dramatically in the EDTA samples in contrast to the samples anticoagulated with citrate or heparin post four hours of collection.Conclusion: Peripheral blood smears should be examined for platelet clumping/aggregates in cases with low platelet count not correlating with clinical presentation or in isolated thrombocytopenia flagged in hematology analyser. Alternative anticoagulants should be used for correct estimation of platelet count.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v4i8.11498 Journal of Pathology of Nepal; Vol.4,No. 8 (2014) 626-629

scholarly journals Novel Thyrointegrin αvβ3 Antagonist for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 4068-4068
Author(s):  
Shaker A Mousa ◽  
Thangirala Institute Sudha ◽  
Kavitha Godugu ◽  
Mehdi Rajabi ◽  
Nazeer Tipu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Equity Ownership ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia accounts for up to one-third of the more than 60,000 leukemias diagnosed annually in the U.S. Primary AML cells express membrane αvβ3 integrin, which is associated with adverse prognosis and resistance to chemotherapies used in AML. A macromolecule Polyethylene glycol-conjugated bi-TriAzole Tetraiodothyroacetic acid (P-bi-TAT) acts with high affinity (Ki 3.1 nM) and specificity for the thyrointegrin αvβ3 receptors, without nuclear translocation and has demonstrated effective suppression of cancer cell proliferation, NF-kB expression and invasion in leukemic cells. We evaluated P-bi-TAT in two different AML models against two forms of acute leukemia (monocytic and myelocytic) that are largely resistant to existing therapy, by grafting human leukemia cells in immunocompromised male and female mice. IVIS imaging scans revealed that leukemic colonies were extensively established in bone marrow throughout the control (untreated) grafted animals, as well in liver, lung and kidney. Smears of bone marrow aspirates from untreated animals were found to contain multinucleate myeloblast and monoblast leukemic cells, and peripheral blood smears contained blast cells, multinucleated megakaryocytes, giant platelets and platelet aggregates, which are hallmarks of acute leukemia. IVIS imaging scans revealed 95% reduction in bone marrow colonies and resolution of liver, kidney and lung colonies in animals treated with P-bi-TAT at daily doses ranging from 1-10 mg/kg, subcutaneously for 2-3 weeks. Peripheral blood smears from treated animals were normal. Normal myeloblasts, which are the source of functional white blood cells, were found in the marrow smears, but leukemic cells were not detected in P-bi-TAT treated animals. Thus, against two forms of leukemia models, P-bi-TAT was extraordinarily effective, with the potential in treating most AML sub-types because αvβ3 receptors are expressed in the majority of AML. Among genes targeted by multiple laboratories for pharmacological downregulation of expression in AML are BCL2, VEGF, AKT1, KIT, IDH2, CDK4/6, TIMP1, VEGF, EGFR, and PD-L1. In that regard, P-bi-TAT has been shown in various tumor cell models to downregulate transcription of each of the genes listed, which are relevant to AML disease progression. Additionally, the pro-apoptotic P53 gene transcription is enhanced by P-bi-TAT. In conclusion, P-bi-TAT is a promising lead clinical candidate that warrants clinical trials in AML patients. Disclosures Mousa: NanoPharmaceuticals LLC: Equity Ownership, Patents & Royalties. Davis:NanoPharmaceuticals LLC: Employment, Equity Ownership.

scholarly journals Comparison of platelet count by manual and automated method

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3523
Author(s):  
Dileep Kumar Jain
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears ◽  
Automated Cell Counter ◽  
Cell Counter

Background: Since the emergence of dengue fever in the past few years, platelet count has become a routine test in every pathology lab. Common methods are by peripheral blood smears made from blood collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes, by neubaeur chamber, automated method by hematology cell counter.Methods: Blood samples of 460 adult patients and 72 children (<15 years), including indoor and outdoor, between May to August 2019, attending Hind institute of medical sciences, were collected in EDTA tubes. Samples were properly mixed on blood shaker and immediately peripheral blood smears were made and stained with Leishman stain. Platelet count of every sample was done by peripheral blood smear and by Mindray (BC5150) automated cell counter, simultaneously.Results:  Results by manual slide method are slightly higher than automated method but significantly not different from automated method.Conclusions: Traditional slide method can also be used if done carefully comparable to automated method especially useful in small labs which can’t afford automated cell counter.

scholarly journals Autosplenectomy in a Patient with Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Burns ◽  
Kartik Anand ◽  
Gonzalo Acosta ◽  
Malcolm Irani ◽  
Betty Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Spleen Scintigraphy ◽  
Splenic Uptake ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears

Autosplenectomy (AS) is a known complication of diseases such as sickle cell anemia, celiac disease, and inflammatory bowel disease. We report the first known case of AS due to paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). A 24-year-old Caucasian male had evidence of hemolytic anemia at the age of 14 and was diagnosed with PNH at the age of 16. He had recurrent episodes of sepsis due to dialysis line infections from poor hygiene, and blood cultures had been positive for multiple organisms includingStaphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecalis, andStreptococcus pneumoniae. The patient’s peripheral blood smears since the age of 14 years demonstrated Howell–Jolly bodies in conjunction with thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia, but abdominal ultrasonography reported a normal appearing spleen. The patient presented with septicemia two years after starting eculizumab, and his peripheral blood smear showed extensive Howell–Jolly bodies, Pappenheimer bodies, acanthocytes, and target cells. Splenic ultrasonography demonstrated an atrophic spleen with multifocal scarring, and absent splenic uptake of liver-spleen scintigraphy, consistent with AS. Clinicians should remain vigilant of the potential sequelae of PNH and consider the possibility of the development of AS.

scholarly journals Cellular Localization of Profibrinolysin (Plasminogen)

Blood ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARION I. BARNHART ◽  
JEANNE M. RIDDLE
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Human Eosinophil ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears

Abstract A previously unrecognized property of the human eosinophil is described; namely, profibrinolysin localization within the eosinophilic granules of bone marrow cells. For this demonstration the fluorescent antibody technic was employed. Highly specific fluorescent antiprofibrinolysin marked all members of the eosinophilic series. As maturation proceeded, the profibrinolysin content increased with the greatest intensity of fluorescence seen in the mature eosinophils. These findings are compatible with the view that the bone marrow eosinophil is the site of profibrinolysin synthesis. Mature eosinophils in peripheral blood smears consistently stained less intensely. Apparently profibrinolysin is tranported from the marrow and released to the circulation and tissues when needed. These findings may be interpreted as indicating a role of the eosinophil in clot lysis and in maintaining the fluidity of the blood.

Rapid and Definitive Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases Using Peripheral Blood Smears

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Soleymani Lehmann ◽  
Jerry L. Spivak
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears ◽  
Time Of Admission

A timely diagnosis is essential in the management of septicemia and septic shock. Three patients are described, all of whom presented with fever and one of whom was hypotensive at the time of admission. In each patient, rapid diagnosis of the cause of fever was possible because microorganisms were identified on a peripheral blood smear obtained at the time of admission. This identification permitted prompt initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. In addition, a literature review of use of peripheral blood smears in the diagnosis of bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections is provided.

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