scholarly journals Determination of Haloacetic Acids in Bottled and Tap Water Sources by Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction and GC-MS Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen A. Al-shatri ◽  
Abdulmumin A. Nuhu ◽  
Chanbasha Basheer
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
The United States ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Haloacetic Acids ◽  
World Health ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

Haloacetic acids are toxic organic pollutants that can be formed as by-products of disinfection of water by chlorination. In this study, we developed a fast and efficient method for the determination of six species of these compounds in water using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by GC-MS analysis. To be suitable for GC analysis, the acidic analytes were derivatized usingn-octanol. One-factor-at-a-time optimization was carried out on several factors including temperature, extraction time, amount of catalyst, and dispersive solvent. The optimized conditions were then used to determine calibration parameters. Linearity, as demonstrated by coefficient of determination, ranged between 0.9900 and 0.9966 for the concentration range of 0.05–0.57 µg/L. The proposed method has good repeatability; intraday precision was calculated as %RSD of 2.38–9.34%, while interday precision was 4.69–8.06%. The method was applied to real samples in bottled water and tap water sources. Results indicated that the total concentrations of the analytes in these sources (2.97–5.30 µg/L) were far below the maximum contaminant levels set by both the World Health Organization and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The proposed method compared favorably with methods reported in the literature.

Ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by GC–MS/MS analysis for the determination of valproic acid in urine samples

Bioanalysis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
pp. 2451-2459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Jain ◽  
Manoj Kumar Gupta ◽  
Abhishek Chauhan ◽  
Vivek Pandey ◽  
Mohana Krishna Reddy Mudiam
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

Development of an Accurate and Sensitive Analytical Method for the Determination of Cadmium at Trace Levels Using Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Based on the Solidification of Floating Organic Drops Combined with Slotted Quartz Tube Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilgin Aydin ◽  
Dotse Selali Chormey ◽  
Türkan Budak ◽  
Merve Fırat ◽  
Fatma Turak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Quartz Tube ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Slotted Quartz Tube ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

Abstract A dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) technique based on a solidification-of-floating-organic-drop (SFOD) procedure was developed for the determination of trace amounts of cadmium (Cd) by using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS) fitted with a slotted quartz tube (SQT). The extraction of Cd was achieved by forming a complex with diphenylcarbazone. Parameters affecting the formation of complex and extraction outputs were carefully optimized to obtain high-absorbance signals to achieve lower LODs. An SQT was fitted on top of the flame burner head to further enhance the absorbance of the signals recorded by the FAAS. Coupling the DLLME-SFOD procedure with SQT-FAAS produced an enhancement factor of about 183. The LOD of the method was 0.23 µg/L with an RSD of 3.8%. Matrix-matching was used to overcome any low recovery results obtained with tap water and municipal wastewater.

scholarly journals Accurate determination of pesticides, hormones and endocrine disruptor compounds in complex environmental samples using matrix dilution and matrix matching with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 1703-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dotse Selali Chormey ◽  
Merve Fırat ◽  
Çağdaş Büyükpınar ◽  
Fatih Erulaş ◽  
Okan Tarık Komesli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Calibration Standards ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

AbstractQuantitative determination of contaminants in environmental samples is usually hampered by low analyte recovery which results from the complex nature of the sample matrix. This study presents the application of a developed dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method for the determination of 12 analytes in environmental samples including sea water, fresh water (lake, well and tap water), brackish water and soil samples. Matrix matched standards were used to compensate for the low analyte recovery recorded by the conventional calibration method. The effect of matrix dilution on analyte recovery was also tested. All matrix matched and matrix diluted spiked recoveries were done concurrently with calibration standards prepared in deionized water. Percent recoveries recorded for the analytes according to deionized water calibration standards ranged between 66 and 137%. Matrix matching and matrix dilution yielded close to 100% recovery results, but the later lowered the detection limit according to the dilution factor.

Development of a preconcentration method for indomethacin in natural waters using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic drop technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nesrin Topaç ◽  
Cennet Karadaş ◽  
Derya Kara
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Preconcentration Method ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

Abstract A new dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method based on the solidification of a floating organic drop was developed for the preconcentration of indomethacin in natural waters followed by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometric detection. 1-undecanol and ethanol were used as the extraction solvent and the disperser solvent, respectively. An investigation of the main experimental parameters that may affect the extraction efficiency, such as sample pH, volume of extraction and disperser solvents, sodium chloride concentration and centrifugation time was undertaken. The effect of interfering ions on the recovery of indomethacin was also examined. Under optimal conditions without any preconcentration, the limit of detection was 17.9 μg/L calculated from LOD = 3 Sb/m and was also calculated as 74.9 μg/L from the regression values of the calibration line using 3.19 Se/m. The proposed preconcentration method was successfully applied to determination of indomethacin in spiked tap water and river water samples. The recovery values for spikes added to water samples were between 94.5 and 103.0%.

Rapid analysis of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in tap water and drinks by ionic liquid dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled to ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (18) ◽  
pp. 7294-7304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ji ◽  
Zhenxia Du ◽  
Haojie Zhang ◽  
Yun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Rapid Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

A novel rapid analytical method for the determination of four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) – nabumetone, ibuprofen, naproxen and diclofenac – in tap water and drinks is presented.

A New Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Method for Preconcentration and Determination of Aluminum, Iron, Copper, and Lead in Real Water Samples by HPLC

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 1524-1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Güzin Alpdoğan ◽  
Şule Dinç Zor
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Extraction And Separation ◽  
Solvent Type ◽  
Salt Addition ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Wavelength Detection ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

Abstract In this study, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with HPLC with variable-wavelength detection was applied for the simultaneous determination of Al, Fe, Cu, and Pb in various water samples at trace levels. In the proposed method, all the system parameters in both the extraction and separation/determination steps, such as extraction and disperser solvent type and their volumes, complexing reagent concentration, salt addition, extraction and centrifugation times, and pH, were optimized to get not only high extraction efficiency but also lower LODs for the analytes. Hematoxylin was used as a complexing reagent, and carbon tetrachloride and methanol were chosen as the extraction and disperser solvents, respectively. Metal complexes were separated with a reversed-phase C18 column by isocratic elution, with methanol–tetrahydrofuran–water (20 + 12 + 68, v/v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detection at 575 nm. The accuracy of the method was checked by a Standard ReferenceMaterial of water (SRM 1643e), and the recovery values for the analytes were found in the range of 95.6–101.3%. Under the optimum conditions, the developed method was applied to tap water, bottled mineral water, lake water, and seawater for the accurateand sensitive determination of the analytes of interest.

Ionic Liquid Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Method for the Determination of Irinotecan, an Anticancer Drug, in Water and Urine Samples Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 712-716
Author(s):  
Deniz Uysal ◽  
Cennet Karadaş ◽  
Derya Kara
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
River Water ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

Abstract A new, simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly ionic liquid dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method was developed for the determination of irinotecan, an anticancer drug, in water and urine samples using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate was used as the extraction solvent, and ethanol was used as the disperser solvent. The main parameters affecting the extraction efficiency, including sample pH, volumeof the ionic liquid, choice of the dispersive solvent and itsvolume, concentration of NaCl, and extraction and centrifugation times, were investigated and optimized. The effect of interfering species on the recovery of irinotecan was also examined. Under optimal conditions, the LOD (3σ) was 48.7 μg/L without any preconcentration. Because the urine sample was diluted 10-fold, the LOD for urine would be 487 μg/L. However, this could be improved 16-fold if preconcentration using a 40 mL aliquot of the sample is used. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of irinotecan in tap water, river water, and urine samples spiked with 10.20 mg/L for the water samples and 8.32 mg/L for theurine sample. The average recovery values of irinotecan determined were 99.1% for tap water, 109.4% for river water, and 96.1% for urine.

scholarly journals Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of Cd, Hg and Pb from medicines prior to ICP OES determination according to the United States Pharmacopeia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Pinheiro ◽  
Miguel Ángel Aguirre Pastor ◽  
Joaquim A. Nobrega ◽  
Antonio Canals
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Pharmacopeia ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
States Pharmacopeia ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

A simple, sensitive and matrix effect free analytical method for simultaneous determination of Cd, Hg and Pb in drug samples (i.e., commercial dosage tablets) by inductively coupled plasma optical emission...

Separation and Preconcentration of Trace Amounts of Rhodium Using a Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Method and Its Determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

2014 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 933-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fateme Mirrahimi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Taher
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Separation And Preconcentration ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Extracting Solvent ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

Abstract A sensitive and selective method for the determination of low levels of rhodium (Rh) in environmental samples is needed. In the proposed method, an extracting solvent with a lower toxicity and density than the other solvents typically used in dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction was used to extract trace amounts of Rh from aqueous samples. Rh ions were complexed with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol in the pH range of 3.2–4.7 and extracted with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. The type and volume of the extracting solvent and dispersive solvent, centrifugation time, pH, amount of the chelating agent, and sample ionic strength were carefully studied. Under the optimal conditions, the LOD and RSD were 0.36 ng/mL (3Sb/m, n = 7) and ±2.0% (n = 7), respectively. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 4.0–800 ng/mL. The method was applied to the determination of Rh in well and tap water, and spiked recoveries were in the range of 96–103.7%.

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