Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adrenal myelolipomas are rare, benign adrenal tumors composed of adipose and hematopoietic tissue. The first mass was identified by Gierke in 1905 and named by Oberling in 1929. Myelolipomas often coexist with CAH and other hormonal disorders although this relationship is still unclear. We present a rare case of giant bilateral myelolipomas in a patient with CAH. CASE REPORT A 28-year-old female with a history of CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency diagnosed at birth presented to our endocrinology clinic after being lost to follow up for 4 years and a history of poor follow up for several years before that. She reported being on varying doses of hydrocortisone throughout her life with the most recent being 10mg TID with poor adherence. Over the past 4 years, the patient noticed increased hair growth on her face, abdomen, inner thighs and back, abdominal striae, and weight gain of 80-100lbs. She also reported a history of bilateral flank pain for the last several years, requiring several ER visits where she was told she had adrenal nodules based on scans that were done. A few months prior to her first visit to our clinic she developed increasing flank pain, which prompted a visit to a local ER. A CT of the abdomen revealed bilateral adrenal septated complex cystic masses measuring 19x12x20 cm on the left and 12x11x11 cm on the right. Initial biochemical workup was consistent with poorly managed CAH: ACTH 45.2 pg/mL (n 7.2 - 63.3), total testosterone 401 ng/dl (n 8-48), androstenedione 2085 ng/dl (n 41-262), 17-OH progesterone 18880 ng/dl, (n 15-290), DHEA-sulfate 423.5 ug/dl, (n 84.8-378), and estradiol 72.0 pg/dl, (n 12.5-498). Plasma renin activity was 13.904 ng/mL/hr (n 0.167-5.380 ng/mL/hr). Based on laboratory results hydrocortisone was decreased to 10mg BID and dexamethasone was added. Due to severe recurrent pain the patient underwent bilateral adrenalectomy. On pathology the bilateral masses were found to be myelolipomas with the left diameter measuring 22.3 cm and the right measuring 16.5 cm. Post-operatively her lab values showed significant improvement compared to her initial workup: ACTH 4.1 pg/mL, total testosterone 6.7 ng/dl, androstenedione 73 ng/dl, 17-OH progesterone 29 ng/dl, DHEA sulfate 7.2 ug/dl, and estradiol 228.3 pg/dl. Plasma renin was also within normal range at 1.776 ng/mL/hr. On follow up, the patient had recovered well and reported improvement in her flank pain. CONCLUSION This is a rare case of giant bilateral adrenal myelolipomas. Despite these tumors being benign and often asymptomatic, they are clinically relevant due to their role in the differential diagnosis of an adrenal mass. The presence of megakaryocytes in a biopsy specimen of a fatty adrenal mass is pathognomonic for myelolipoma. Treatment is guided by the tumor size and patient presentation; masses >7 cm, hormonally active, or causing abdominal pain should be surgically removed as demonstrated in this case
Giant Mature Primary Retroperitoneal Teratoma in a Young Adult: Report of a Rare Case and Literature Review
