scholarly journals Evaluation of the Contribution of Signals Originating from Large Blood Vessels to Signals of Functionally Specific Brain Areas

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Young Chung ◽  
Yul-Wan Sung ◽  
Seiji Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Fusiform Face Area ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Ventral Region ◽  
Face Area ◽  
Echo Planar ◽  
Dual Echo ◽  
The Brain

The fusiform face area (FFA) is known to play a pivotal role in face processing. The FFA is located in the ventral region, at the base of the brain, through which large blood vessels run. The location of the FFA via functional MRI (fMRI) may be influenced by these large blood vessels. Responses of large blood vessels may not exactly correspond to neuronal activity in a target area, because they may be diluted and influenced by inflow effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of large blood vessels in the FFA, that is, whether the FFA includes large blood vessels and/or whether inflow signals contribute to fMRI signals of the FFA. For this purpose, we used susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) sequences to visualize large blood vessels and dual-echo gradient-echo echo-planar imaging (GE-EPI) to measure inflow effects. These results showed that the location and response signals of the FFA were not influenced by large blood vessels or inflow effects, although large blood vessels were located near the FFA. Therefore, the data from the FFA obtained by individual analysis were robust to large blood vessels but leaving a warning that the data obtained by group analysis may be prone to large blood vessels.

Dual-Echo Interleaved Echo-Planar Imaging of the Brain

1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn S. Slavin ◽  
Kim Butts ◽  
John N. Rydberg ◽  
Clifford R. Jack ◽  
Stephen J. Riederer
Keyword(s):  
Echo Planar Imaging ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Echo Planar ◽  
Dual Echo ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Neurophysiology of Ethnicity (based on foreign literature)

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
E.A. Varshaver
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Fusiform Face Area ◽  
Foreign Literature ◽  
Face Area ◽  
The Brain

This article contains a review of research in the realm of neurophysiology of ethnicity. According to this body of research, there are zones of the brain which get active in response to demonstration of ethnic stimuli. Among these zones are amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, fusiform face area and others. The article describes the research focused on each of these zones, discusses their weaknesses and projects further research on the crossroads of neurophysiology, cognitive science, psychology and sociology.

High-resolution echo-planar imaging of the brain: is it suitable for routine clinical imaging?

1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 833-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ozdoba ◽  
L. Remonda ◽  
O. Heid ◽  
K.-O. L�vblad ◽  
G. Schroth
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Echo Planar Imaging ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Clinical Imaging ◽  
Routine Clinical Imaging ◽  
Echo Planar ◽  
The Brain

NIMG-43. ADVANCED MULTI-PARAMETRIC HYPERPOLARIZED 13C/1H IMAGING OF GBM

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi138-vi138
Author(s):  
Adam Autry ◽  
Sana Vaziri ◽  
Marisa LaFontaine ◽  
Jeremy Gordon ◽  
Hsin-Yu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Pyruvate Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Hyperpolarized 13C ◽  
Imaging Parameters ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter ◽  
Parametric Data ◽  
Echo Planar ◽  
The Brain

Abstract INTRODUCTION The goal of this study was to characterize progressive and pseudoprogressive GBM using multi-parametric hyperpolarized (HP)-13C / 1H MRI. METHODS Dynamic HP-13C MRI was acquired from 13 patients with progressive GBM [patients (scans): 2(3) IDH-mutant; 11(13) IDH-wildtype] and 2 IDH-wildtype patients (3 scans) demonstrating pseudo-progression following intravenous injection of HP [1-13C]pyruvate. Frequency-selective echo-planar imaging (3s temporal resolution, 3.38 cm3 spatial resolution) captured [1-13C]pyruvate metabolism to [1-13C]lactate and 13C-bicarbonate in the brain. Dynamic 13C data were kinetically modeled to obtain the pyruvate-to-lactate conversion rate constant k PL and temporally summed to calculate 13C-metabolite percentiles and ratios (linearly interpolated 2x in-plane). 1H imaging included T2, post-Gd T1, perfusion (nCBV, %recovery), diffusion (ADC), and lactate-edited spectroscopy (CNI, choline-to-NAA index; 1H-lactate). The normal-appearing white matter (NAWM), non-enhancing lesion (NEL), and contrast-enhancing lesion (CEL) were segmented from 1H images. 13C-resolution masks were iteratively applied on a voxel-wise basis to evaluate 1H imaging parameters within each ROI and multi-parametric data were collectively evaluated using a mixed effects model in R. RESULTS Progressive IDH-mutant GBM compared to wildtype counterparts displayed increased perfusion %recovery (p < 0.001) and k PL (p < 0.01), together with reduced 1H-lactate (p < 0.001) and pyruvate percentile (p < 0.01), in the T2 lesion. Among IDH-wildtype progressive GBM, the CEL was distinguished from NEL/NAWM by increased nCBV (p < 0.05/0.001), 1H-lactate (p < 0.05/0.001); and decreased bicarbonate / lactate (p < 0.05/0.001). The CEL and NEL were collectively distinguished from NAWM by elevated CNI (p < 0.001/0.001), ADC (p < 0.05/0.001), pyruvate percentile (p < 0.001/0.001), lactate percentile (p < 0.001/0.001), and relative lactate / pyruvate (p < 0.001/0.05). Psuedo-progressive IDH-wildtype GBM displayed lower k PL (T2 Lesion; p < 0.01) and nCBV (CEL; p < 0.01) compared to progressive GBM. CONCLUSION HP-13C parameters can potentially augment proton imaging and demonstrated Warburg-associated metabolic alterations.

scholarly journals Intensity-Corrected Dual-Echo Echo-Planar Imaging (DE-EPI) for Improved Pediatric Brain Diffusion Imaging

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e0129325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen W. Yeom ◽  
Matus Straka ◽  
Michael Iv ◽  
Michael E. Moseley ◽  
Patrick D. Barnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Imaging ◽  
Echo Planar Imaging ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Echo Planar ◽  
Dual Echo ◽  
Pediatric Brain

scholarly journals Diffusion-Weighted Imaging with Dual-Echo Echo-Planar Imaging for Better Sensitivity to Acute Stroke

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1293-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Holdsworth ◽  
K.W. Yeom ◽  
M.U. Antonucci ◽  
J.B. Andre ◽  
J. Rosenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Echo Planar Imaging ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Echo Planar ◽  
Dual Echo

scholarly journals Improved cortical boundary registration for locally distorted fMRI scans

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim van Mourik ◽  
Peter J Koopmans ◽  
David G Norris
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Static Field ◽  
Distortion Correction ◽  
Cortical Surface ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Cortical Layers ◽  
Echo Planar ◽  
Clear Increase ◽  
The Brain

AbstractWith continuing advances in MRI techniques and the emergence of higher static field strengths, submillimetre spatial resolution is now possible in human functional imaging experiments. This has opened up the way for more specific types of analysis, for example investigation of the cortical layers of the brain. With this increased specificity, it is important to correct for the geometrical distortions that are inherent to echo planar imaging (EPI). Inconveniently, higher field strength also increases these distortions. The resulting displacements can easily amount to several millimetres and as such pose a serious problem for laminar analysis. We here present a method, Recursive Boundary Registration (RBR), that corrects distortions between an anatomical and an EPI volume. By recursively applying Boundary Based Registration (BBR) on progressively smaller subregions of the brain we generate an accurate whole-brain registration, based on the grey-white matter contrast. Explicit care is taken that the deformation does not break the topology of the cortical surface, which is an important requirement for several of the most common subsequent steps in laminar analysis. We show that RBR obtains submillimetre accuracy with respect to a manually distorted gold standard, and apply it to a set of human in vivo scans to show a clear increase in spacial specificity. RBR further automates the process of non-linear distortion correction. This is an important step towards routine human laminar fMRI. We provide the code for the RBR algorithm, as well as a variety of functions to better investigate registration performance in a public GitHub repository, https://github.com/TimVanMourik/OpenFmriAnalysis, under the GPL 3.0 license.

Echo-Planar Imaging of the Brain at 3.0 T

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mansfield ◽  
Ronald Coxon ◽  
Paul Glover
Keyword(s):  
Echo Planar Imaging ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
3.0 T ◽  
Echo Planar ◽  
The Brain
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