scholarly journals Organogenesis and Ultrastructural Features ofIn VitroGrownCanna indicaL.

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharifah Nurashikin Wafa ◽  
Rosna Mat Taha ◽  
Sadegh Mohajer ◽  
Noraini Mahmad ◽  
Bakrudeen Ali Ahmed Abdul
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Canna Indica ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Complete Plant ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Rhizome Explants

An efficient protocol for micropropagation ofCanna indicaL., an economically and pharmaceutically important plant, was standardized using rhizome explants, excised from two-month-old aseptic seedlings. Complete plant regeneration was induced on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BAP plus 1.5 mg/L NAA, which produced the highest number of shoots (73.3 ± 0.5%) and roots (86.7 ± 0.4%) after 2 weeks. Furthermore, the optimum media for multiple shoots regeneration were recorded on MS enriched with 7.0 mg/L BAP (33.0 ± 0.5%). Plantlets obtained were transplanted to pots after two months and acclimatized in the greenhouse, with 75% survival. In addition, ultrastructural studies showed that rhizomes ofin vitrogrown specimens were underdeveloped compared to thein vivospecimens, possibly due to the presence of wide spaces. Meanwhile, the leaves ofin vivospecimens had more open stomata compared toin vitrospecimens, yet their paracytic stomata structures were similar. Hence, there were no abnormalities or major differences betweenin vitroregenerants and mother plants.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Anubias barteri var. Nana from Shoot Tip Culture and the Analysis of Ploidy Stability

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kantamaht KANCHANAPOOM ◽  
Panyaros CHUNUI ◽  
Kamnoon KANCHANAPOOM
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Tip Culture ◽  
Ploidy Stability ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Mother Plants

Plant regeneration of Anubias barteri var. Nana was achieved through organogenesis in shoot tip cultures. Multiple shoots were induced from cultured shoot tips on a modified MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) medium supplemented with BA and kinetin. The maximum green shoot numbers were best obtained on MS medium containing 3 mg/L BA with 5 shoots. Rooting in all regenerated shoots was promoted on MS medium devoid of plant growth regulators or kinetin singly. Acclimatization and survival when transferred to field conditions were shown to be 100% in the regenerated plants. Cytological and flow cytometric analyses of the mother plants and in vitro grown plants derived from 5 years old cultures showed no differences in ploidy level, they were all diploid (2n = 2x = 48) with a 2C peak indicating that ploidy alteration did not occur.

scholarly journals Micropropagation and Comparative Study of Chemical Components of Essential Oils of in-vitro and in-vivo Grown Mentha spicata L.

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
B. R. Paudel ◽  
B. Pant
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Shoot Culture ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mentha Spicata

Axenic shoot culture of Mentha spicata L. was established from young shoots of the plant naturally growing in the field. Large number of multiple shoots were observed on MS media supplemented with NAA (0.5ppm) and BAP (1ppm) within eight weeks of culture. Extensive root formation was observed on MS medium supplemented with 1 ppm NAA. Essential oils from both in vitro and in vivo samples showed l- carvone as a major constituent, however, the in vitro samples showed higher concentration of menthol than in vivo samples. <i>Nepal Journal of Science and Technology</i> Vol. 7, 2006

scholarly journals Regeneration of Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. using in vitro nodes: an alternative method for efficient multiplication of shoots

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 10831
Author(s):  
Ashutosh R. PATHAK ◽  
Aruna G. JOSHI
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Nodal Explant ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Hemidesmus Indicus ◽  
Full Strength ◽  
Alternative Method

In vivo nodes of Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. induced healthy multiple shoots with branching in our earlier studies and thus in the present study, potency of in vitro nodes to regenerate shoots was evaluated. In vitro nodes were excised from eight-week-old shoots and placed in Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium fortified with sucrose (3%) and different concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA) and kinetin (Kn). After eight weeks, optimum of 5.42 ± 0.36 shoots with 100% response were regenerated in medium supplemented with BA (10 µM) and Kn (5 µM). These healthy shoots were placed in full, half and quarter strengths of liquid MS medium fortified with sucrose (1%) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA, 1-25 µM) for rooting. Among all the strengths of MS medium, full strength MS medium having 8 µM NAA formed maximum of 3.42 ± 0.55 roots (91.67% response) within four weeks. The protocol is in continuation with earlier study and it was confirmed that a single in vivo nodal explant can regenerate around 385 healthy elongated shoots within 4 months, which will help in mass-propagation of the species.

scholarly journals Direct Organogenesis from Rhizome Explants in Marsilea quadrifolia L.: A Threatened Fern Species

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahipal S. Shekhawat ◽  
M. Manokari
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Full Strength ◽  
Marsilea Quadrifolia ◽  
Fern Species ◽  
Half Strength

An efficient micropropagation protocol has been developed for Marsilea quadrifolia L. through direct organogenesis. The mature rhizomes were used as explants and successfully sterilized using 0.1% HgCl2 for the establishment of cultures. The multiple shoots were differentiated from the explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with 6-benzylaminopurin (BAP). Full strength MS medium was reported to be effective for the induction of sporophytes from the rhizomes after four weeks of inoculation. Maximum response (96%) with average of 6.2 shoots (2.72 cm length) was achieved on full strength of MS medium augmented with 0.5 mg/L BAP in culture initiation experiments. The cultures were further proliferated in clusters (79.0±0.37 shoots per explant) with stunted growth on half strength MS medium supplemented with 0.25 mg/L BAP after four weeks. These stunted shoots were elongated (5.30 cm long) on half MS medium devoid of growth hormones. Root induction and proliferation (3.0–4.0 cm long) were observed after 4th subculture of sporophytes on hormone-free half strength MS medium. The rooted plantlets were hardened in the fern house for 4-5 weeks and transferred to the field with 92% survival rate. There were no observable differences in between in vivo grown and in vitro propagated plantlets in the field.

scholarly journals Preliminary Screening of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities and Establishment of an Efficient Callus Induction inCurculigo latifoliaDryand (Lemba)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Farzinebrahimi ◽  
Rosna Mat Taha ◽  
Kamaludin A. Rashid ◽  
Bakrudeen Ali Ahmed ◽  
Mahmoud Danaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Preliminary Screening

Leaf, seed, and tuber explants ofC. latifoliawere inoculated on MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of BAP and IBA, alone or in combinations, to achievein vitroplant regeneration. Subsequently, antioxidant and antibacterial activities were determined fromin vitroandin vivoplant developed. No response was observed from seed culture on MS media with various concentrations of PGRs. The highest percentage of callus was observed on tuber explants (94%) and leaf explants (89%) when cultured on MS media supplemented with IBA in combination with BAP. A maximum of 88% shoots per tuber explant, with a mean number of shoots (8.8±1.0), were obtained on MS medium supplemented with combinations of BAP and IBA (2.5 mg L−1). The best root induction (92%) and mean number (7.6±0.5) from tuber explants were recorded on 2.5 mg L−1IBA alone supplemented to MS medium. The higher antioxidant content (80%) was observed fromin vivotuber. However, tuber part from the intact plant showed higher inhibition zone in antibacterial activity compared to otherin vitroandin vivotested parts.

Probing the ultrastructure of the mitotic and meiotic spindle in eggs: An expeditious approach based on semi-thin (0.25 μm) serial sections

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 552-555
Author(s):  
Conly L. Rieder ◽  
S. Bowser ◽  
R. Nowogrodzki ◽  
K. Ross ◽  
G. Sluder
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Meiotic Spindle ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Mitotic Apparatus ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Cell Cycles ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies

Eggs have long been a favorite material for studying the mechanism of karyokinesis in-vivo and in-vitro. They can be obtained in great numbers and, when fertilized, divide synchronously over many cell cycles. However, they are not considered to be a practical system for ultrastructural studies on the mitotic apparatus (MA) for several reasons, the most obvious of which is that sectioning them is a formidable task: over 1000 ultra-thin sections need to be cut from a single 80-100 μm diameter egg and of these sections only a small percentage will contain the area or structure of interest. Thus it is difficult and time consuming to obtain reliable ultrastructural data concerning the MA of eggs; and when it is obtained it is necessarily based on a small sample size.We have recently developed a procedure which will facilitate many studies concerned with the ultrastructure of the MA in eggs. It is based on the availability of biological HVEM's and on the observation that 0.25 μm thick serial sections can be screened at high resolution for content (after mounting on slot grids and staining with uranyl and lead) by phase contrast light microscopy (LM; Figs 1-2).

scholarly journals In vitro Propagation of Polygonum hydropiper L. from Shoot Tips

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Hasan ◽  
B. Sikdar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Multiple Shoot Induction ◽  
Polygonum Hydropiper

An efficient protocol for plant regeneration through multiple shoots induction from shoot tips of Polygonum hydropiper (L.) was established. The highest percentage (96.6) of multiple shoot induction and number of shoots (9.0) per culture were found on MS supplemented with 2.0 mg/l Kn. The induced shoots were excised and inoculated on to MS contains different concentrations of IBA or NAA for rooting. The highest percentage (90.0) of root induction and the highest number of roots per shoot (12.0) was found on MS having 1.0 mg/l IBA. Well rooted plantlets were acclimated properly and transplanted in the soil under natural condition, where cent per cent plantlets survived and grew successfully. Key words:  Polygonum hydropiper, Shoot tips, In vitro propagation D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v20i1.5970 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 20(1): 73-79, 2010 (June)

scholarly journals In vitro multiplication, micromorphological studies and ex vitro rooting of Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F. Muell. – a rare medicinal plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahipal S. Shekhawat ◽  
M. Manokari
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Hybanthus Enneaspermus ◽  
Half Strength

AbstractHybanthus enneaspermusis a rare medicinal plant. We defined a protocol for micropropagation,ex vitrorooting of cloned shoots and their acclimatization. Surface-sterilized nodal segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (Kin). Medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L−1BAP was found optimum for shoot induction from the explants and 6.4±0.69 shoots were regenerated from each node with 97% response. Shoots were further proliferated maximally (228±10.3 shoots per culture bottle with 7.5±0.43 cm length) on MS medium augmented with 1.0 mg L−1each of BAP and Kin within 4–5 weeks. The shoots were rootedin vitroon half strength MS medium containing 2.0 mg L−1indole-3 butyric acid (IBA). The cloned shoots were pulse-treated with 300 mg L–1 of IBA and cultured on soilrite® in a greenhouse. About 96% of the IBA-pulsed shoots rootedex vitroin soilrite®, each shoot producing 12.5±0.54 roots with 5.1±0.62 cm length. Theex vitrorooted plantlets showed a better rate of survival (92%) in a field study thanin vitrorooted plantlets (86%). A comparative foliar micromorphological study ofH. enneaspermuswas conducted to understand the micromorphological changes during plant developmental processes fromin vitrotoin vivoconditions in terms of variations in stomata, vein structures and spacing, and trichomes. This is the first report onex vitrorooting inH. enneaspermusand the protocol can be exploited for conservation and large-scale propagation of this rare and medicinally important plant.

scholarly journals An Efficient Protocol for High-frequency Direct Multiple Shoot Regeneration from Internodes of Peppermint (Mentha x piperita)

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000501
Author(s):  
Sanjog T. Thul ◽  
Arun K. Kukreja
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mentha X Piperita ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Multiple Shoot Regeneration

A simple, repeatable and efficient protocol for direct multiple shoot regeneration from internodal explants has been defined in peppermint ( Mentha x piperita var. Indus). In vitro regenerated shoots of peppermint were excised into 4 to 8 mm long internodes and cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with different cytokinins. In the hormonal assay, 3.0 mg L-l zeatin or 6-isopentenyl adenine independently supplemented to half strength MS medium exhibited multiple shoot regeneration, while thiaduzorn (0.1-3.0 mg L−1) showed no morphogenetic effect. A maximum of 85% in vitro cultured explants showed multiple shoot formation with an average of 7 shoots per explant on MS medium supplemented with zeatin. Multiple shoots were initiated within three weeks of cultivation. Internodes with regenerated multiple shoots were transferred to half - strength MS medium without supplementing with any plant growth hormone for shoot elongation and rhizogenesis. Rooted plants acclimatized and grew to maturity under glasshouse conditions. The plantlets developed were phenotypically identical to the parent plant and exhibited 96 % survival.

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