Baseline Body Composition in Prepubertal Short Stature Children with Severe and Moderate Growth Hormone Deficiency

Objective.To compare body composition parameters in short children with severe versus moderate and no growth hormone deficiency (GHD).Design and Method.61 children (40 boys) were studied. Height SDS, BMIZ-score, waist/height ratio (W/HtR), and body composition parameters (BIA) as fat tissue (FAT%), fat-free mass (FFM%), predicted muscle mass (PMM%), and total body water (TBW%) were evaluated. GH secretion in the overnight profile and two stimulation tests and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) level were measured.Results.Overall, in 16 (26%) moderate (7.0 > peak GH < 10 ng/mL) and in 11 (18%) severe (GH ≤ 7.0 ng/mL) GHD was diagnosed. In children with sGHD BMIZ-score, W/HtR and FAT% were significantly higher, while FFM%, PMM%, and TBW% were significantly lower versus mGHD and versus noGHD subgroups. No significant differences between mGHD and noGHD were found. There were no differences in height SDS and IGF-1 SDS between evaluated subgroups. Night GH peak level correlated significantly with FAT%, FFM%, PMM%, and TBW%, (p<0.05) in the entire group.Conclusions.Only sGHD is associated with significant impairment of body composition. Body composition analysis may be a useful tool in distinguishing between its severe and moderate form of GHD.

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Impact of Long-Term Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy on Metabolic and Cardiovascular Parameters in Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency: Comparison Between Adult and Elderly Patients

Frontiers in Endocrinology ◽

10.3389/fendo.2021.635983 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Elisabetta Scarano ◽

Enrico Riccio ◽

Teresa Somma ◽

Rossana Arianna ◽

Fiammetta Romano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Body Composition ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

General Population ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽

Hormone Deficiency ◽

Gh Secretion

Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in adults is due to a reduced growth hormone (GH) secretion by the anterior pituitary gland which leads to a well-known syndrome characterized by decreased cognitive function and quality of life (QoL), decreased bone mineral density (BMD), increased central adiposity with a reduction in lean body mass, decreased exercise tolerance, hyperlipidemia and increased predisposition to atherogenesis. Considering some similar features between aging and GHD, it was thought that the relative GH insufficiency of the elderly person could make an important contribution to the fragility of elderly. GH stimulation tests are able to differentiate GHD in elderly patients (EGHD) from the physiological reduction of GH secretion that occurs with aging. Although there is no evidence that rhGH replacement therapy increases the risk of developing Diabetes Mellitus (DM), reducing insulin sensitivity and inducing cardiac hypertrophy, long-term monitoring is, however, also mandatory in terms of glucose metabolism and cardiovascular measurements. In our experience comparing the impact of seven years of rhGH treatment on metabolic and cardiovascular parameters in GHD patients divided in two groups [adult (AGHD) and elderly (EGHD) GHD patients], effects on body composition are evident especially in AGHD, but not in EGHD patients. The improvements in lipid profile were sustained in all groups of patients, and they had a lower prevalence of dyslipidemia than the general population. The effects on glucose metabolism were conflicting, but approximately unchanged. The risk of DM type 2 is, however, probably increased in obese GHD adults with impaired glucose homeostasis at baseline, but the prevalence of DM in GHD is like that of the general population. The increases in glucose levels, BMI, and SBP in GHD negatively affected the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in the long term, especially in AGHD patients. Our results are in accordance to other long-term studies in which the effects on body composition and lipid profile are prominent.

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Effects of long-term growth hormone replacemente therapy on body composition in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.70.aep681 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

García Moreno Rosa María ◽

Ramírez Paola Parra ◽

Saiz Gonzalo Baonza ◽

Rojas-Marcos Patricia Martin ◽

Beatriz Lecumberri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Body Composition ◽

Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Hormone Deficiency

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CT-Determined Body Composition Changes with Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Treatment to Adults with Growth Hormone Deficiency

Human Body Composition ◽

10.1007/978-1-4899-1268-8_53 ◽

1993 ◽

pp. 229-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lars Lönn ◽

Henry Kvist ◽

Ulla Grangård ◽

Bengt-Åke Bengtsson ◽

Lars Sjöström

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Body Composition ◽

Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽

Human Growth Hormone ◽

Growth Hormone Treatment ◽

Recombinant Human Growth Hormone ◽

Human Growth ◽

Hormone Treatment ◽

Hormone Deficiency ◽

Composition Changes

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Body composition and quality of life in adults with growth hormone deficiency; effects of low-dose growth hormone replacement

Clinical Endocrinology ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2265.2001.01275.x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 54 (6) ◽

pp. 709-717 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Aftab M. Ahmad ◽

Marion T. Hopkins ◽

Joegi Thomas ◽

Hisham Ibrahim ◽

William D. Fraser ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Growth Hormone ◽

Body Composition ◽

Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽

Low Dose ◽

Hormone Replacement ◽

Hormone Deficiency ◽

Growth Hormone Replacement

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Body composition and metabolic health of young male adults with childhood-onset multiple pituitary hormone deficiency after cessation of growth hormone treatment

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2018-0019 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 533-537 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hongbo Yang ◽

Linjie Wang ◽

Xiaonan Qiu ◽

Kemin Yan ◽

Fengying Gong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Body Composition ◽

Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Hormone Deficiency ◽

Pituitary Hormone ◽

Childhood Onset ◽

Multiple Pituitary Hormone Deficiency ◽

Pituitary Hormone Deficiency ◽

Male Patients

Abstract Background: Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) replacement therapy is usually stopped after linear growth completion in patients with growth hormone deficiency. In patients with multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (MPHD), the long-term effects of discontinuation of rhGH replacement are unknown. Methods: In this study, the anthropometric and metabolic parameters of 24 male patients with adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) due to MPHD in childhood after cessation of rhGH therapy for a mean of 7.1 years were measured and compared with 35 age-matched controls. Body composition was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Results: In the AGHD group, body mass index (BMI) was significantly increased and 29.2% had obesity. The AGHD group had a 17.7 cm increase in waist circumference (WC). The fat free mass (FFM) was significantly lower in the AGHD group. Both the fat mass (FM) and percentage of fat mass (FM%) were significantly increased in the AGHD group. Both the systolic blood pressure (BP) and diastolic pressure were significantly lower in AGHD group. The lipid profile was generally similar in both groups, except for a decrease of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in the AGHD group. There was significant hyperuricemia in the AGHD group. Conclusions: Cessation of rhGH leads to a significant increase of FM in early adulthood in male patients with childhood-onset MPHD (CO-MPHD).

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