scholarly journals Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Selected Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein Concentrations during an Ultramarathon Sled Dog Race

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Brunke ◽  
Christopher W. Frye ◽  
Corri B. Levine ◽  
Cristina Hansen ◽  
Joseph J. Wakshlag
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Negative Energy Balance ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor Binding ◽  
Sled Dogs ◽  
Sled Dog ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Igfbp 3

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of running a 1000-mile (1600 km) endurance sled dog race on serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins 1 and 3 (IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3). Serum was examined from 12 sled dogs prior to the race, at midrace (approximately 690 km), and again at the finish. IGF-1, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 were assessed using radioimmunoassay or enzyme linked immune-absorbance assays. Mean prerace concentrations were significantly higher than midrace and end-race concentrations at 215.93 ± 80.51 ng/mL, 54.29 ± 25.45 ng/mL, and 55.53 ± 28.25 ng/mL, respectively (P<0.001). Mean IGFBP-1 concentrations were not different across these time periods at 24.1 ± 15.8 ng/mL, 25.7 ± 14.0 ng/mL, and 26.6 ± 17.6 ng/mL, respectively. IGFBP-3 concentrations showed a modest significant decrease across time periods at 3,067 ± 2,792 ng/mL, 2,626 ± 2,310 ng/mL, and 2,331 ± 2,301 ng/mL, respectively (P<0.01). Endurance sled dogs show a precipitous drop in serum IGF-1 concentrations. These differences may be related to fuel utilization and excessive negative energy balance associated with the loss of body condition during racing. The relative stability of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 suggests that IGF-1 anabolic signaling is diminished during ultramarathon racing. Further studies comparing the influence of time and duration of exercise versus negative energy balance on serum IGF-1 status are warranted to better understand exercise versus negative energy balance differences.

Secretion pattern of growth hormone, prolactin, insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 in the periparturient sow depending on the metabolic state during lactation

1998 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Kraetz ◽  
C. Zimmer ◽  
D. Schneider ◽  
D. Schams
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Negative Energy Balance ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Metabolic State ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Litter Weight

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the influence of different energy levels during a 4-week lactation on the regulation of the metabolic hormones somatotropin (GH), prolactin, insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). A total of 21 crossbred sows (German Landrace × Duroc) were cannulated for daily blood collection from 3 weeks before parturition until 2 weeks after weaning and for weekly window sampling (every 20 min for 10 h). Nineteen sows were given 2·8 kg food during late gestation, 5·0 kg food during lactation and 2·8 kg food per day after weaning and two sows were given food at a restricted level (3·0 kg) during lactation. In the 19 sows, the different energy balance was induced by allocation of different numbers of sucking piglets to the respective sows. One group of sows suckled seven piglets and served as a control (C; no. = 7) and another group suckled 10 to 12 piglets and was energy deficient (D). After the study, the sows of the deficient group were, based on their litter weight gain from parturition until weaning, divided into low (D-L; no. = 6) or high (D-H; no. = 6) litter weight gain. The D-H sows lost more body weight during lactation than C and had lower glucose and higher nonesterified fatty acids levels before morning feeding. GH and prolactin increased around parturition and their secretory profiles during lactation were altered by the frequent sucking stimulus, whereby the access of the piglets to their dams was not controlled. During lactation, GH and prolactin were highest in D-H sows. The results suggest a possible role of not only GH but also of prolactin in nutrient partitioning to the mammary gland just before the start of lactation and for minimizing the adverse effects of a negative energy balance. Furthermore, insulin and IGF-1 increased around parturition in all sows. Insulin was higher before and after feeding and the highest levels were found in C and D-L sows. The regulation patterns of insulin and IGF-1 indicate that the lactating sow is able to mobilize enough energy from body reserves to prevent metabolic disorders, even during a period with deficient energy supply. This is contrary to the regulation in the dairy cow, where the negative energy balance is coupled with a severe glucose deficit during phases of high milk yield, which causes decreased levels of insulin and IGF-1. In the sow, the glucose intake with the food meets the glucose requirement for metabolic pathways also during a deficient lactational energy intake. Therefore, in sows IGF-1 can be stimulated by increased GH levels via the GH receptor in the liver during a state of nutritional energy deficiency and the fact that sows can compensate a deficient metabolic state much better than cows is also reflected in the respective endocrinology.

scholarly journals Effect of negative energy balance on plasma metabolites, minerals, hormones, cytokines and ovarian follicular growth rate in Holstein dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxi Song ◽  
Zhijie Wang ◽  
Chang Zhao ◽  
Yunlong Bai ◽  
Cheng Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Negative Energy Balance ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Follicular Growth

Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of negative energy balance (NEB) on the final growth of the dominant ovarian follicle in Holstein cows. Material and Methods Cows at 14 to 21 d postpartum from an intensive dairy farm were randomly selected and allocated into a positive energy balance group (PEB, with β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) level < 1.2 mmol/L, n = 15) and an NEB group (BHBA > 1.2 mmol/L, n = 15). Plasma samples were collected at 21, 50 and 55 d postpartum to assess the concentrations of energy metabolites, minerals, hormones and cytokines. Ovaries were examined by transrectal ultrasound on days 50 and 55 (120 hours later) to evaluate the diameter of the largest follicle. Results Compared with PEB cows, there were a more severe body condition loss and a lower milk yield in NEB cows (P < 0.05) and these had greater concentrations of plasma BHBA, non-esterified fatty acids, triglycerides, urea nitrogen, growth hormone, interleukin 6, and fibroblast growth factor 21 and lesser concentrations of plasma glucose, total cholesterol, insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3, leptin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and angiopoietin-like protein 8 on d 21 (P < 0.05), while plasma minerals were not affected by energy status (P > 0.05). These changes persisted until the end of the study period (50–55 days postpartum) resulting in a lower follicular growth rate for cows in the NEB than the PEB group. Conclusion These observations indicate that follicular growth rate is associated with measurable changes in energy metabolite, hormone and cytokine concentrations caused by early postpartum NEB.

scholarly journals Profiling of Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) in Obesity and Their Association with Ox-LDL and Hs-CRP in Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdur Rahman ◽  
Maha M. Hammad ◽  
Irina Al Khairi ◽  
Preethi Cherian ◽  
Reem Al-Sabah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Factor Binding ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Igfbp 3

Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are critical modulators of the metabolism. In adults, IGFBPs are associated with obesity and insulin resistance but the association of IGFBPs with metabolic homeostasis in children and adolescents is not fully characterized. In this study we investigated the association of plasma IGFBPs (IGFBP-1, 3 and 7) with weight status, central adiposity and cardiovascular disease markers Hs-CRP and Ox-LDL. A total of 420 adolescents (age 11-14 years) were randomly recruited from public middle schools in Kuwait. IGFBPs were measured using bead-based multiplexing while Hs-CRP and Ox-LDL were measured using ELISA. IGFBP-1 levels were significantly lower in obese and overweight participants compared to normal weight children. Only IGFBP-1 was negatively associated with waist circumference to height (WC/Ht) ratio. IGFBP-1 was negatively correlated with Hs-CRP while IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-7 were negatively correlated with Ox-LDL. These data demonstrate a robust negative association of IGFBP-1, but not IGFBP-3 or -7, with overweight and obesity, and the inflammation marker Hs-CRP. Central adiposity (WC/Ht ratio) was a stronger predictor of IGFBP-1 than BMI-for-age z-score. IGFBP-1 could thus be used as a sensitive predictive diagnostic tool for obesity and its subsequent effects in screening and monitoring of obesity-related metabolic complications in adolescents.

scholarly journals Malnutrition in children associated with low insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. S275-S277
Author(s):  
Dwi Ayu Rahmawati ◽  
Aminuddin Aminuddin ◽  
Firdaus Hamid ◽  
Prihantono Prihantono ◽  
Burhanuddin Bahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor Binding ◽  
Igfbp 3
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