Silencing Chitinase Genes Increases Susceptibility ofTetranychus cinnabarinus(Boisduval) to Scopoletin

The carmine spider miteTetranychus cinnabarinusis a major pest of crop and vegetable plants worldwide. Previous studies have shown that scopoletin is a promising acaricidal compound againstTetranychus cinnabarinus.However, the acaricidal mechanism of scopoletin remains unclear. In the present study, 12 full-length cDNAs of chitinase (CHIT) genes fromTetranychus cinnabarinus(designatedTcCHITs) were cloned and characterized. AlthoughTcCHITswere expressed throughout all life stages, their expression levels were significantly upregulated during the larval and nymphal stages.TcCHITswere downregulated 24 h after treatment with scopoletin and upregulated 24 h after treatment with diflubenzuron (DFB, a chitin synthesis inhibitor). Feeding double-stranded RNA effectively silencedTcCHITtranscription inTetranychus cinnabarinus, thus increasing its susceptibility to scopoletin but reducing that to DFB. Meanwhile,TcCHITsilencing in larvae and adult resulted in an extremely low molting rate (7.3%) and high mortality rate (53.3%), respectively, compared with those in the control group. CHIT genes are closely related to arthropod survival, molting, and development inTetranychus cinnabarinus, suggesting that acaricidal mechanisms of scopoletin and DFB may occur by inhibition and activation of CHIT gene expression, respectively.TcCHITconstitutes a possible target of scopoletin and DFB inTetranychus cinnabarinus.

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The Impact of Selection with Diflubenzuron, a Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor, on the Fitness of Two Brazilian Aedes aegypti Field Populations

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0130719 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. e0130719 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Thiago Affonso Belinato ◽

Denise Valle

Keyword(s):

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Chitin Synthesis ◽

Synthesis Inhibitor ◽

Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor ◽

The Impact

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THE EFFECT OF AN INSECT CHITIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITOR ON HONEY BEES

Apidologie ◽

10.1051/apido:19860107 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 73-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E. W. HERBERT ◽

R. J. ARGAUER ◽

H. SHIMANUKI

Keyword(s):

Honey Bees ◽

Chitin Synthesis ◽

Synthesis Inhibitor ◽

Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor

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Potential of low application rate combinations of three chitin synthesis inhibitor insecticides with spinosad for the control of Sitophilus oryzae on stored wheat

Journal of Stored Products Research ◽

10.1016/j.jspr.2021.101926 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 95 ◽

pp. 101926

Author(s):

Hassan A. Gad ◽

Mohamed S. Al-Anany ◽

Ayman A.M. Atta ◽

Samir A.M. Abdelgaleil

Keyword(s):

Sitophilus Oryzae ◽

Application Rate ◽

Chitin Synthesis ◽

Synthesis Inhibitor ◽

Stored Wheat ◽

Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor

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Biological activity of Novaluron, a new chitin-synthesis inhibitor, on the major stored product insect pests.

Advances in stored product protection. Proceedings of the 8th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection, York, UK, 22-26 July 2002 ◽

10.1079/9780851996912.0583 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 583-587

Author(s):

M. Kostyukovsky ◽

A. Trostanetsky ◽

Y. Carmi ◽

H. Frandji ◽

R. Schneider

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Chitin Synthesis ◽

Synthesis Inhibitor ◽

Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor

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Field-evolved resistance to chitin synthesis inhibitor insecticides by soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in Brazil

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127499 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 259 ◽

pp. 127499

Author(s):

Regis F. Stacke ◽

Daniela N. Godoy ◽

Venicius E. Pretto ◽

Fábio M. Führ ◽

Patricia da S. Gubiani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chitin Synthesis ◽

Synthesis Inhibitor ◽

Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor ◽

Soybean Looper ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽

Chrysodeixis Includens

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Development-Disrupting Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor, Novaluron, Reprogramming the Chitin Degradation Mechanism of Red Palm Weevils

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24234304 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (23) ◽

pp. 4304 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Abid Hussain ◽

Ahmed Mohammed AlJabr ◽

Hassan Al-Ayedh

Keyword(s):

Expression Patterns ◽

Invasive Pest ◽

Chitin Synthesis ◽

Red Palm Weevil ◽

Synthesis Inhibitor ◽

Chitin Degradation ◽

Palm Weevil ◽

Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor ◽

Mortality Response ◽

Study Laboratory

Disruption in chitin regulation by using chitin synthesis inhibitor (novaluron) was investigated to gain insights into the biological activity of chitinase in red palm weevils, an invasive pest of date palms in the Middle East. Impact of novaluron against ninth instar red palm weevil larvae was examined by dose-mortality response bioassays, nutritional indices, and expression patterns of chitinase genes characterized in this study. Laboratory bioassays revealed dose-dependent mortality response of ninth-instar red palm weevil larvae with LD50 of 14.77 ppm of novaluron. Dietary growth analysis performed using different doses of novaluron (30, 25, 20, 15, 10, and 5 ppm) exhibited very high reduction in their indexes such as Efficacy of Conversion of Digested Food (82.38%) and Efficacy of Conversion of Ingested Food (74.27%), compared with control treatment. Transcriptomic analysis of red palm weevil larvae characterized numerous genes involved in chitin degradation including chitinase, chitinase-3-like protein 2, chitinase domain-containing protein 1, Endochitinase-like, chitinase 3, and chitin binding peritrophin-a domain. However, quantitative expression patterns of these genes in response to novaluron-fed larvae revealed tissue-specific time-dependent expression patterns. We recorded overexpression of all genes from mid-gut tissues. Growth retarding, chitin remodeling and larvicidal potential suggest novaluron as a promising alternate for Rhynchophorus ferrugineus management.

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