scholarly journals Leaf-Encapsulated Vaccines: Agroinfiltration and Transient Expression of the AntigenStaphylococcal EndotoxinB in Radish Leaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Feng Liu ◽  
Yanhan Wang ◽  
Robert G. Ulrich ◽  
Christopher W. Simmons ◽  
Jean S. VanderGheynst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transient Expression ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Leaf Cell ◽  
Vaccine Production ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
Single Leaf ◽  
Enterotoxin B

Transgene introgression is a major concern associated with transgenic plant-based vaccines. Agroinfiltration can be used to selectively transform nonreproductive organs and avoid introgression. Here, we introduce a new vaccine modality in which Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) genes are agroinfiltrated into radishes (Raphanw sativusL.), resulting in transient expression and accumulation of SEBin planta. This approach can simultaneously express multiple antigens in a single leaf. Furthermore, the potential of high-throughput vaccine production was demonstrated by simultaneously agroinfiltrating multiple radish leaves using a multichannel pipette. The expression of SEB was detectable in two leaf cell types (epidermal and guard cells) in agroinfiltrated leaves. ICR mice intranasally immunized with homogenized leaves agroinfiltrated with SEB elicited detectable antibody to SEB and displayed protection against SEB-induced interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production. The concept of encapsulating antigens in leaves rather than purifying them for immunization may facilitate rapid vaccine production during an epidemic disease.

scholarly journals Strigo-D2 - a bio-sensor for monitoring the spatio-temporal pattern of strigolactone signaling in intact plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changzheng Song ◽  
Jiao Zhao ◽  
Marjorie Guichard ◽  
Dongbo Shi ◽  
Guido Grossmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Cellular Resolution ◽  
Intact Plants ◽  
Meristematic Region ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Strigolactones (SLs) are a class of plant hormones modulating developmental programs in response to endogenous and exogenous stimuli and mediating biotic interactions. However, a comprehensive view on the spatio-temporal pattern of SL signaling has not been established and tools for a systematic in planta analysis do not exist. Here, we present Strigo-D2, a genetically encoded ratiometric SL signaling sensor, allowing the examination of SL signaling distribution with cellular resolution and its rapid response to altered SL levels in intact plants. By monitoring the abundance of a truncated and fluorescently labeled SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1-LIKE 6 (SMXL6) protein, a proteolytic target of the SL signaling machinery, we show that all cell types investigated have the capacity to respond to changes in SL levels but with very different dynamics. In particular, SL signaling is pronounced in vascular cells but low in guard cells and the meristematic region of the root. We also show that other hormones leave Strigo-D2 activity unchanged indicating that initial SL signaling steps work in isolation from other hormonal signaling pathways. Specificity and spatio-temporal resolution of Strigo-D2 underline the value of the sensor for monitoring SL signaling in a broad range of biological contexts and with highly instructive analytical depth.

scholarly journals Guard cells control hypocotyl elongation through HXK1, HY5, and PIF4

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilor Kelly ◽  
Danja Brandsma ◽  
Aiman Egbaria ◽  
Ofer Stein ◽  
Adi Doron-Faigenboim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Hypocotyl Elongation ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Effect Of Light

AbstractThe hypocotyls of germinating seedlings elongate in a search for light to enable autotrophic sugar production. Upon exposure to light, photoreceptors that are activated by blue and red light halt elongation by preventing the degradation of the hypocotyl-elongation inhibitor HY5 and by inhibiting the activity of the elongation-promoting transcription factors PIFs. The question of how sugar affects hypocotyl elongation and which cell types stimulate and stop that elongation remains unresolved. We found that overexpression of a sugar sensor, Arabidopsis hexokinase 1 (HXK1), in guard cells promotes hypocotyl elongation under white and blue light through PIF4. Furthermore, expression of PIF4 in guard cells is sufficient to promote hypocotyl elongation in the light, while expression of HY5 in guard cells is sufficient to inhibit the elongation of the hy5 mutant and the elongation stimulated by HXK1. HY5 exits the guard cells and inhibits hypocotyl elongation, but is degraded in the dark. We also show that the inhibition of hypocotyl elongation by guard cells’ HY5 involves auto-activation of HY5 expression in other tissues. It appears that guard cells are capable of coordinating hypocotyl elongation and that sugar and HXK1 have the opposite effect of light on hypocotyl elongation, converging at PIF4.

scholarly journals Rapid and simultaneous detection of ricin, staphylococcal enterotoxin B and saxitoxin by chemiluminescence-based microarray immunoassay

The Analyst ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (22) ◽  
pp. 5885-5892 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Szkola ◽  
E. M. Linares ◽  
S. Worbs ◽  
B. G. Dorner ◽  
R. Dietrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Microarray Immunoassay ◽  
Enterotoxin B ◽  
Idiotypic Antibody

Simultaneous detection of proteotoxins, ricin and SEB, and small toxin, STX, on a chemiluminescence-based microarray using anti-idiotypic antibody for STX.

scholarly journals A Role for Fas in Negative Selection of Thymocytes In Vivo

1998 ◽  
Vol 187 (9) ◽  
pp. 1427-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidehiro Kishimoto ◽  
Charles D. Surh ◽  
Jonathan Sprent
Keyword(s):  
Negative Selection ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Thymic Medulla ◽  
Enterotoxin B ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Specific Peptide ◽  
Selection Of

To seek information on the role of Fas in negative selection, we examined subsets of thymocytes from normal neonatal mice versus Fas-deficient lpr/lpr mice injected with graded doses of antigen. In normal mice, injection of 1–100 μg of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) induced clonal elimination of SEB-reactive Vβ8+ cells at the level of the semi-mature population of HSAhi CD4+ 8− cells found in the thymic medulla; deletion of CD4+ 8+ cells was minimal. SEB injection also caused marked elimination of Vβ8+ HSAhi CD4+ 8− thymocytes in lpr/lpr mice. Paradoxically, however, elimination of these cells in lpr/lpr mice was induced by low-to-moderate doses of SEB (≤1 μg) but not by high doses (100 μg). Similar findings applied when T cell receptor transgenic mice were injected with specific peptide. These findings suggest that clonal elimination of semi-mature medullary T cells is Fas independent at low doses of antigen but Fas dependent at high doses. Previous reports documenting that negative selection is not obviously impaired in lpr/lpr mice could thus reflect that the antigens studied were expressed at only a low level.

scholarly journals Anti-Vβ8 antibodies induce and maintain staphylococcal enterotoxin B-triggered Vβ8+ T cell anergy

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Stark Aroeira ◽  
Concepción G. Mouton ◽  
José L. Toran ◽  
Elizabeth Sally Ward ◽  
Carlos Martínez-A.
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
T Cell Anergy ◽  
Enterotoxin B ◽  
Cell Anergy
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document