scholarly journals Safety of Trypan Blue Capsule Staining to Corneal Endothelium in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hazem Abdelmotaal ◽  
Khaled Abdelazeem ◽  
Mohamed S. Hussein ◽  
Ahmed F. Omar ◽  
Walid Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
Cell Toxicity ◽  
Anterior Capsule ◽  
Direct Administration

Purpose. To study the potential corneal endothelial cell toxicity of trypan blue (TB) when used for phacoemulsification to stain the anterior capsule in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Methods. This was a single-center, prospective, randomized, individual cohort study. One eye in each patient with diabetic retinopathy underwent phacoemulsification without trypan blue capsule staining (control eye), while the other eye underwent phacoemulsification with trypan blue capsule staining (study eye). Both eyes underwent intraocular lens implantation. Preoperative and four-week postoperative quantitative and qualitative morphometric endothelial cell analyses of the cornea were performed using noncontact specular microscopy. Results. There were no significant differences in endothelial cell density (mean ± SD for the study group: 2506.74 ± 413.99 cells/mm2; mean ± SD for the control eyes: 2466.34 ± 369.12 cells/mm2; P=0.316) or endothelial cell density (CD) loss% (mean CD loss% was 7.23 ± 13.31 for the study eyes and 9.94 ± 9.36 for the control eyes; P=0.157) four weeks after the operation. Additionally, no significant differences were seen in the percentage of hexagonal cells, coefficient of variation, or corneal thickness between the two groups preoperatively and 4 weeks postoperatively. Conclusions. Direct administration of trypan blue into the anterior chamber for staining of the anterior capsule during cataract surgery did not result in any significant corneal endothelial changes on specular microscopy in patients with severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy or high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy at 4 weeks postoperatively. This trial is registered with NCT03755752.

scholarly journals A novel human donor cornea preservation cocktail incorporating a thermo-reversible gelation polymer (TGP), enhancing the corneal endothelial cell density maintenance and explant culture of corneal limbal cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhuvaneshwari Namitha ◽  
Munusamy Rajendran Chitra ◽  
Mathevan Bhavya ◽  
Periasamy Parikumar ◽  
Shojiro Katoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Explant Culture ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
P Value ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
Human Donor ◽  
Corneal Preservation

Abstract Purpose McCarey-Kaufman’s (MK) medium and Optisol-GS medium are the most commonly employed media for human donor corneal preservation. In this study, we evaluated the preservation efficacy of discarded human donor corneas using a Thermo-reversible gelation polymer (TGP) added to these two media. Methods Thirteen human corneal buttons collected from deceased donors, which were otherwise discarded due to low endothelial cell density (ECD) were used. They were stored in four groups: MK medium, MK medium with TGP, Optisol-GS and Optisol-GS with TGP at 4 °C for 96 h. Slit lamp examination and specular microscopy were performed. Corneal limbal tissues from these corneas were then cultured using explant methodology one with and the other without TGP scaffold, for 21 days. Results MK + TGP and Optisol-GS + TGP preserved corneas better than without TGP, which was observed by maintenance of ECD which was significantly higher in Optisol-GS + TGP than MK + TGP (p-value = 0.000478) and corneal thickness remaining the same for 96 h. Viable corneal epithelial cells could be grown from the corneas stored only in MK + TGP and Optisol-GS + TGP. During culture, the TGP scaffold helped maintain the native epithelial phenotype and progenitor/stem cell growth was confirmed by RT-PCR characterization. Conclusion TGP reconstituted with MK and Optisol—GS media yields better preservation of human corneal buttons in terms of relatively higher ECD maintenance and better in vitro culture outcome of corneal limbal tissue. This method has the potential to become a standard donor corneal transportation-preservation methodology and it can also be extended to other tissue or organ transportation upon further validation.

scholarly journals Corneal thickness and endothelial cell density in diabetic and non- diabetic patients: a hospital based comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagaraj G. ◽  
Anasuya Sangaraj Desai ◽  
Nagesh Jayaram
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
The Mean

Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with structural changes in corneal endothelial cells and their thickness. The present study was done to compare the endothelial cell density (ECD), central corneal thickness (CCT) and morphology in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Minto Ophthalmic hospital, BMC and RI Bangalore for a period of 20 months (October 2013 - May 2015). A total of 200 study subjects, 100 diabetics and 100 non-diabetic age matched controls were selected, and complete timed ophthalmic evaluation was performed. Specular microscopy was performed on all patients for endothelial cell count assessment and corneal thickness was measured by Pachymeter. The data was analyzed and represented using descriptive statistics. ‘t’ test was used for comparing the two groups.Results: The mean endothelial cell density in diabetic group was significantly lower (2438.73±250.23cells/mm2) compared to non-diabetic group (2599.88±168.16cells/mm2) (p<0.0001). The mean Central corneal thickness in diabetic group was significantly higher (518.40±28.13 μm) compared to control group (490.14±24.31 μm) (p<0.001). The Co-efficient of variation percentage of the diabetics was higher than the non-diabetics but this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The hexagonality percentage was significantly lower in diabetic group compared to the controls suggesting less pleomorphism in the diabetic group.Conclusions: The study concludes that the endothelial cell density was lower and central corneal thickness was higher in diabetic patients compared with the non-diabetics. The altered endothelial morphology was significantly seen in the form of pleomorphism (hexagonality) but polymegathism was not significantly altered.

scholarly journals Corneal Thickness and Endothelial Morphology in Normal Thai Eyes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Napaporn Tananuvat ◽  
Natawan Khumchoo
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: This study aimed to determine the influence of age on central corneal thickness and corneal endothelial morphology as well as to identify the relationship between them in normal Thai eyes.Methods: Non-contact specular microscopy was performed in volunteers stratified into seven age groups ranging from 11-88 years. The corneal endothelial parameters studied included central corneal thickness (CCT), endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation in cell size (CV), cell area (CA) and percentage of regular hexagonal cells.Results: In a total of 501 subjects (1002 eyes), the mean age was 43.12 ± 18.80 years and 347(69.3%) were females. The mean CCT, ECD, CV, CA, and hexagonality was 533.80 ± 33.00 μm, 2,732±258 cell/mm2, 37.61 ± 6.76%, 369.04 ± 37.90 mm, and 49.03% ± 7.53%, respectively. There was a statistically significant inverse correlation between age and CCT (r = -0.212, P <0.001), ECD (r = -0.484, P <0.001), and hexagonality (r = -0.193, P <0.001). The estimate rate of endothelial cell loss was 0.2% per year, whereas CV and CA had statistically significant correlation with age (r = 0.200, P <0.001 and r = 0.475, P <0.001). CCT correlated directly with ECD (r = 0.177, P <0.001).Conclusion: Normative data for corneal endothelial morphology in healthy Thai eyes showed that ECD, CCT, and hexagonality were significantly decreased, while CV and CA were increased with aging. The central corneal thickness was correlated with the endothelial cell density.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Endothelial Cell Density and the Central Corneal Thickness in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome and Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bożydar T. Tomaszewski ◽  
Renata Zalewska ◽  
Zofia Mariak
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma ◽  
And Control

Purpose.Evaluation of central corneal thickness (CCT) and endothelial cell density (ECD) in patients with senile cataract and coexisting pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome with glaucoma (PEXG) and without glaucoma using specular microscopy.Participants and Methods.The study included 122 patients (217 eyes). In this group of patients we identified 133 eyes with PEX syndrome (65 with glaucoma, 68 without glaucoma) and 84 eyes without PEX syndrome. ECD and CCT were measured in each eye by specular microscopy.Results.ECD in eyes with PEX syndrome without glaucoma (2297 ± 359 cell/mm2) and in eyes with PEXG (2241 ± 363 cell/mm2) was lower than in the control group (2503 ± 262 cell/mm2) (P<0.001). CCT in eyes with PEXG (508.2 ± 32.6 μm) was thinner than in eyes with PEX syndrome without glaucoma (529.7 ± 30.3 μm) and control group (527.7 ± 29.4 μm) (P<0.001).Conclusions.This research shows that in eyes with PEX syndrome, both with and without glaucoma, ECD was statistically significantly lower than in the control group. In patients with PEXG, CCT was statistically significantly thinner than in the PEX syndrome and control group.

scholarly journals Corneal Endothelial Cell Density and Morphology in Healthy Egyptian Eyes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Mahmoud Abdellah ◽  
Hatem Gamal Ammar ◽  
Mohamed Anbar ◽  
Engy Mohammed Mostafa ◽  
Mahmoud Mohamed Farouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Transplantation ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
Cell Area ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
The Mean

Purpose. To evaluate the corneal endothelial cell density and morphology in normal Egyptian eyes. Methods. In total, 568 healthy eyes of 568 Egyptian volunteers aged 20 to 85 years were examined using noncontact specular microscopy for the central corneal thickness (CCT), mean endothelial cell density (MCD), coefficient of variation (CV) in cell area, mean cell area (MCA), and hexagonal cell (Hex) percentage. Variables were compared between sexes and between different age groups. Results. The mean CCT, MCD, and MCA were 514.45 ± 43.04 μm, 2647.50 ± 382.62 cells/mm2, and 390.59 ± 149.94 μm2, respectively. MCD and MCA showed no significant differences between men and women (P=0.171 and 0.099, respectively), whereas CV (%) and Hex (%) showed significant differences (P=0.024 and 0.015, respectively). CCT (P=0.007, r = −0.113) and MCD (P<0.001, r = −0.357) exhibited a significant negative correlation with age, whereas CV (%) (P<0.001, r = 0.341) and MCA (P=0.008, r = 0.111) exhibited a significant positive correlation. The mean rate of endothelial cell loss from 20 to 85 years of age was 0.3% per year. Conclusions. Our results provide normative data for the corneal endothelium in healthy Egyptian eyes, thus increasing the knowledge base for corneal endothelial cell parameters in healthy Egyptian eyes. Furthermore, our findings can be used as baseline values for comparisons between Egyptian and other populations and for studies of the endothelial cell reserve and capacity for intraocular surgery and corneal transplantation.

The Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Corneal Endothelial Cells and Central Corneal Thickness: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-554
Author(s):  
Panagiota Papadakou ◽  
Irini Chatziralli ◽  
Miltiadis Papathanassiou ◽  
Vaia Lambadiari ◽  
Charalambos S. Siganos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Factors Affecting

<b><i>Purpose:</i></b> The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of corneal endothelial cells and central corneal thickness (CCT) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), comparing them with those of healthy subjects (controls) and to determine potential factors affecting the corneal parameters in patients with DM. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Participants in this study were 72 patients with DM and 88 healthy controls. Diabetic patients were further classified into groups depending on the severity of diabetic retinopathy (no retinopathy, mild, moderate, severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy). All participants underwent non-contact specular microscopy to evaluate corneal endothelium parameters and CCT, while factors affecting endothelial cell density and CCT in patients with DM were also analyzed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Patients with DM presented significantly decreased endothelial cell density compared to controls (2,297.9 ± 311.3 and 2,518.3 ± 243.7 cells/mm<sup>2</sup>, respectively; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), while the two groups did not differ significantly in any other measured corneal parameter. In the diabetic group, the multivariate analysis showed a significant association between decreased endothelial cell density and increased HbA1c (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), longer DM duration (<i>p</i> = 0.003), and more severe diabetic retinopathy status (<i>p</i> = 0.008). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> DM seems to affect the corneal endothelium, since endothelial cell density was decreased in the diabetic group, while duration of disease, HbA1c levels, and severity of retinopathy were significantly associated with changes in endothelial cell density and should be taken into account.

scholarly journals Corneal Thickness and Endothelial Morphology in Normal Thai Eyes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Napaporn Tananuvat ◽  
Natawan Khumchoo
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background This study aimed to determine the influence of age on central corneal thickness and corneal endothelial morphology as well as to identify the relationship between them in normal Thai eyes. Methods and Analysis Non-contact specular microscopy was performed in volunteers stratified into seven age groups ranging from 11-88 years. The corneal endothelial parameters studied included central corneal thickness (CCT),endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation in cell size (CV), cell area (CA) and percentage of regular hexagonal cells. Results In a total of 501 subjects (1002 eyes),the mean age was 43.12 ± 18.80 years and 347(69.3%) were females. The mean CCT, ECD, CV, CA, and hexagonality was 533.80 ± 33.00 μm, 2,732±258 cell/mm 2 , 37.61 ± 6.76%, 369.04 ± 37.90 μm, and 49.03% ± 7.53%, respectively. There was a statistically significant inverse correlation between age and CCT (r = -0.215, P <0.001), ECD (r = -0.496, P <0.001), and hexagonality (r = -0.265, P <0.001). The CV and CA directly correlated with age (r = 0.242, P <0.001 and r = 0.470, P <0.001).The estimate rate of endothelial cell loss was 0.2% per year. There was no correlation between CCT and ECD (P = 0.106). Conclusion Normative data for corneal endothelial morphology in healthy Thai eyes showed that ECD, CCT, and hexagonality were significantly decreased, while CV and CA were increased with aging. The central corneal thickness did not correlate with the endothelial cell density.

Endothelial Cell Density and Central Corneal Thickness following Penetrating Keratoplasty of Acanthamoeba Keratitis Patients – A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Shi ◽  
Fabian Norbert Fries ◽  
Kassandra Xanthopoulou ◽  
Tanja Stachon ◽  
Loay Daas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Penetrating Keratoplasty ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Acanthamoeba Keratitis ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Purpose To analyze endothelial cell density (ECD) and central corneal thickness (CCT) following penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) patients. Patients and Methods In this retrospective, clinical, single-center, cross-sectional, observational study, patients were enrolled who underwent PKP at the Department of Ophthalmology of Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany between May 2008 and December 2016 with the diagnosis of AK. In all, 33 eyes of 33 patients (14 males, 42%) were enrolled; their mean age at the time of surgery was 39.5 ± 14.3 years. Postoperatively, AK patients received topical polyhexamethylene biguanide, propamidine isethionate, neomycin sulphate/gramicidin/polymixin B sulfate, and prednisolone acetate eye drops (5 ×/day each), and the topical treatment was tapered sequentially with 1 drop every 6 weeks over 6 months. CCT was recorded using Pentacam HR Scheimpflug tomography and ECD with the EM-3000 specular microscope before surgery and 3 and 6 months after surgery as well as after the first and second (complete) suture removal. Results ECD tended to decrease significantly from the time point before surgery (2232 ± 296 cells/mm2) to the time point 3 months after surgery (1914 ± 164 cells/mm2; p = 0.080) and to the time point after the first suture removal (1886 ± 557 cells/mm2; p = 0.066) and decrease significantly to the time point after the second suture removal (1650 ± 446 cells/mm2; p = 0.028). CCT did not change significantly over the analyzed time period (p ≥ 0.475). Conclusion In AK, endothelial cell loss does not seem to be accelerated following PKP, despite the postoperative use of diamidine and biguanide. A subsequent prospective comparative study should confirm our retrospective longitudinal analysis.

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